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    08 - Automated testing

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    We will now add (some) automated testing to one of the projects from the discussion page. Again, our objective in this activity is to get used to build and modify different projects.

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    Warning

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    You'll need to select a different project from the last Lesson 07 - Code Quality

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    Deliverable

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    • create two issues with suggestions for testing in the selected project
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    Learning objective: modify a project you are not familiar with and improve its code quality

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    "skill_id": 5, "metadata": {"url": "pull request url", "group": ["student2"]}

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    Add to the pull request description a link to the accepted contribution.

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automatizados
    +

    Desenvolvimento Aberto

    +

    +
    Testes automatizados
    +
    Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Projeto profissional

    +
      +
    • Qualidade de código +
        +
      • Linting - formatação e erros comuns
        • +
      +
      • +
    • Documentação +
        +
      • Usuário
        • +
      • Desenvolvedor
        • +
      +
      • +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Projeto profissional

    +
      +
    • Qualidade de código +
        +
      • Linting - formatação e erros comuns
        • +
      • O código funciona?
        • +
      +
      • +
    • Documentação +
        +
      • Usuário
        • +
      • Desenvolvedor
        • +
      +
      • +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Meu programa funciona?

    +
      +
    • Sob quais condições?
      • +
    • Em quais plataformas?
      • +
    • Quais operações são suportadas?
      • +
    • Consigo conferir o resultado de uma execução? Se sim, existe um valor de referência?
      • +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Testes automatizados

    +

    Ideia: escrever um programa que verifica se um outro programa responde como esperado

    +
      +
    • Definir situações a serem testadas ...
      • +
    • e o resultado esperado em cada situação
      • +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Testes automatizados

    +

    Não ajudam:

    +
      +
    • a revelar novos bugs
      • +
    • a garantir que um software é livre de bugs
      • +
    +

    Ajudam

    +
      +
    • a evitar que bugs descobertos voltem
      • +
    • a evitar que mudanças não intencionais quebrem código que estava funcionando.
      • +
    • a documentar em quais situações o software funciona.
      • +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Testes automatizados

    +
      +
    1. Testes de unidade
      2. +
    2. Testes de integração
      3. +
    3. Testes de interface de usuário
      4. +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Testes unitários

    +

    Ideia: dada uma função, verificar se ela devolve o valor esperado para um certo conjunto de parâmetros.

    +
      +
    • Testa as funções de maneira isolada
      • +
    • Cobertura: porcentagem das linhas de código que é executada durante os testes de unidade.
      • +
    • Serve como documentação da função
      • +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Testes unitários - pytest

    +

    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Testes de integração

    +

    Ideia: dados um conjunto de classes com interdependências, verificar se elas funcionam bem em conjunto.

    +
      +
    • Testa interação entre em objetos
      • +
    • Possibilidade de criar mocks, que são objetos falsos feitos para simular a interação entre vários objetos.
      • +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Testes de interface de usuário

    +

    Ideia: simula ações do usuário (cliques, entrada de dados, etc) e confere se a saída esperada é mostrada na tela

    +
      +
    • Menos específico possível
      • +
    • Mais fiel ao uso real de um usuário
      • +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Testes de interface de usuário

    +

    Selenium

    +

    Permite fazer scripts que interagem com uma página web, realizando entrada de dados, rolagem de tela e cliques. Cada assert pode ser feito com o conteúdo de um objeto da página.

    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    O quê eu preciso testar?

    +

    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    O quê eu preciso testar?

    +

    Ninguém sabe....

    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
    +

    Atividade prática: Testado e aprovado

    +

    +

    Objetivo: Primeira experiência com testes automatizado de código.

    +
    +

    "metadata": {"url": "acceppted PR", "group": ["igual", "6"]}

    +
    +
    Igor Montagner License CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
    +
    +
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    Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )
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    Projeto profissional

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    Testes automatizados

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    Ideia: dada uma função, verificar se ela devolve o valor esperado para um certo conjunto de parâmetros.

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    • Cobertura: porcentagem das linhas de código que é executada durante os testes de unidade.
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    Ideia: dados um conjunto de classes com interdependências, verificar se elas funcionam bem em conjunto.

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    • Possibilidade de criar mocks, que são objetos falsos feitos para simular a interação entre vários objetos.
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    Testes de interface de usuário

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    • Menos específico possível
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    Selenium

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    O quê eu preciso testar?

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    O quê eu preciso testar?

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    Objetivo: Primeira experiência com testes automatizado de código.

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  • + + 08 - Automated testing + +
    • + + + + diff --git a/search/search_index.json b/search/search_index.json index c70606b9..9a7414aa 100644 --- a/search/search_index.json +++ b/search/search_index.json @@ -1 +1 @@ -{"config":{"lang":["en"],"separator":"[\\s\\-]+","pipeline":["stopWordFilter"]},"docs":[{"location":"","title":"Open Development 2023/2","text":"

    Welcome to the Open Development page for 2023/2. On this site, you will find all the course lessons and syllabus. The learning objectives covered are:

    1. The student is capable of understanding a software project and fixing a bug or implementing an improvement.
    2. The student is capable of making modifications that meet the technical and non-technical requirements of a software project.
    3. The student is capable of interacting with a (remote) development team.

    This course is gamified and entirely done using a git repository. Each student creates a user following the instructions in Lesson 01 and submits a Pull Request to be included in the repository. Each completed activity is delivered via a PR in the course repository and serves as evidence for the learning objectives mentioned above.

    The course revolves around four types of activities:

    • Tutorial: (Guided) Preparatory activities in the classroom.
    • Code: Code contributions to external projects.
    • Community: Non-technical contributions that can benefit users and developers of a project, such as documentation and translations.
    • Impact: Significant results achieved through the student's participation in open projects.

    More information about all possible activities can be found on the Assessment page.

    Current and past instructors

    • Igor Montagner
    • Fabr\u00edcio Barth
    "},{"location":"agenda_apresentacoes/","title":"Apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es sobre cultura livre","text":"

    Este documento descreve a rubrica para avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do trabalho e a agenda das apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es.

    "},{"location":"agenda_apresentacoes/#rubrica","title":"Rubrica","text":"Conceito Descri\u00e7\u00e3o A Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o realizada dentro do tempo estipulado. O tema foi organizado de forma excelente, com boa sequ\u00eancia l\u00f3gica das ideias. O trabalho foi apresentado de forma clara e concisa, usando so slides de forma coesa com a fala. Tem boa postura e seguran\u00e7a, estabelece contato visual com os participantes durante a apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Incorporou elementos visuais de qualidade no material: figuras, tabelas e gr\u00e1ficos s\u00e3o claros e cont\u00eam informa\u00e7\u00f5es suficientes. Fez uso de no m\u00ednimo uma t\u00e9cnica para intera\u00e7\u00e3o com a audi\u00eancia (por exemplo, debate, painel com vota\u00e7\u00f5es, entre outros). B O tempo de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o foi de mais ou menos 5 min do estabelecido. O tema foi parcialmente bem organizado, com sequ\u00eancia de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o razo\u00e1vel. Exp\u00f5e o trabalho corretamente, mas n\u00e3o usa os slides de forma coesa com a fala. Postura e seguran\u00e7a razo\u00e1veis. Os elementos visuais s\u00e3o de baixa qualidade: figuras, tabelas e gr\u00e1ficos n\u00e3o s\u00e3o totalmente claros e n\u00e3o cont\u00eam informa\u00e7\u00f5es suficientes para compreens\u00e3o. Fez uso de no m\u00ednimo uma t\u00e9cnica para intera\u00e7\u00e3o com a audi\u00eancia (por exemplo, debate, painel com vota\u00e7\u00f5es, entre outros). C Tempo de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o foi de mais ou menos 10 min do estabelecido. A organiza\u00e7\u00e3o da apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 confusa, o que prejudica o acompanhamento e compreens\u00e3o das ideias. Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o deficiente, com dificuldade de expor ideias. N\u00e3o usa adequadamente os slides. N\u00e3o tem boa postura e seguran\u00e7a durante a apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Os recursos visuas prejudicam a apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Fez uso de no m\u00ednimo uma t\u00e9cnica para intera\u00e7\u00e3o com a audi\u00eancia (por exemplo, debate, painel com vota\u00e7\u00f5es, entre outros)."},{"location":"agenda_apresentacoes/#agenda","title":"Agenda","text":"Data e hor\u00e1rio Tema 17/11 (9:45-10:45) GitHub Copilot \u00e9 \u00e9tico? [Eiki Yamashiro e Marcelo Miguel] 17/11 (10:45-11:45) A rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre Software as a Service (SaaS) e projetos de C\u00f3digo Aberto [Caroline Chaim, Felipe Lemos, Jo\u00e3o Farias Araujo] 22/11 (9:45-10:45) Telemetria \u00e9 \"\u00e9tico\"? [Guilherme Lunetta, Rafael Monteiro e Jo\u00e3o Magalh\u00e3es] 22/11 (10:45-11:45) Regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es futuras na Europa sobre responsabilidade legal dos criadores de IAs [Luiza Silvera, Guilherme Batista e Gabriel Zanetti] 24/11 N\u00e3o teremos aula. Joga do Brasil na Copa do Mundo 29/11 (9:45-10:45) Regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es recentes na Europa sobre durabilidade de smartphones. [Keiya Nishio e Bruno Freitas] 29/11 (10:45-11:45) Por que Open Source \u00e9 cr\u00edtico para criptomoedas? [Paulo Kim, Raphael Lahiry e Rodrigo Coelho] 01/12 (9:45-10:45) The new open-source economics (Yochai Benkler, 2005). O que mudou de 2005 para 2022? [Jo\u00e3o Pedro Meirelles, Gustavo Molina e Rafael Almada] 01/12 (10:45-11:45) Mantainer burnout [Cesar Ades e Jonathan Sutton]"},{"location":"assessment/","title":"Assessment","text":"

    As you can see in Lesson 01, this course allows for a great deal of freedom, and it is organized through gamification. Each participant creates a profile in the repository and earns skills (and XP) by completing the available activities. All submissions are made via PR to the course repository.

    The final grade is a combination of the total amount of XP received for completing tasks, the amount of XP obtained from group members, and some barrier criteria. The table below summarizes these conditions:

    Grade Score Extra Criteria I ---- Did not complete any tutorial activities D ---- Completed all lesson activities but did not reach a C grade C 45XP
  • 1 x Code Contribution +
  • Accepted Translation! or Documentation Contribution
    • B 90XP
  • Accepted Code Contribution
    • A 150XP A+ 200XP

    Throughout the semester, the scores in the table above may be revised downward, but never upward.

    "},{"location":"assessment/#available-skills","title":"Available Skills","text":"

    Each skill translates into evidence for one of the learning objectives of the course. The collection of all the skills completed during the semester indicates the proficiency of the students in each of the objectives.

    "},{"location":"assessment/#tutorial","title":"Tutorial","text":"

    In this initial part, preparatory activities are carried out to support the development of skills in Code and Community skills.

    id Name Description XP Date 1 First Steps Added to the discipline's repository. 2 21/08 2 Exploring a Project's Environment Researched the history and community of people and services around a project. 3 21/08 3 Undocumented Project Received an undocumented system and got it up and running. 5 28/08 4 Professional Project Refactored poorly written code and created a web page for it. 5 01/09 5 Tested and Approved Created unit tests and interface tests for the challenge server. 5 13/09 6 Python Package Created a Python package installable via pip. 3 11/09 7 Dockerfile Created automated deployment for a Python web system. 3 11/09 8 Basic Translation Used translation tools to translate and localize a small command-line program. 2 11/09 10 FLOSS Research Delivered a long presentation on a recent and relevant topic related to free and open-source software. 5 04/12 11 Better code Addressed linting problems in a poorly written project 5 15/09"},{"location":"assessment/#code","title":"Code","text":"

    Any activity that results in a code contribution to open-source software projects is accepted in the course.

    id Name Description XP Date 21 Code Contribution Submitted a pull request fixing a bug. 7 04/12 22 Contribution Accepted! A non-trivial pull request was accepted by an external project. 13 04/12 23 Simple Contribution Accepted! A simple pull request (with trivial changes or small code refactorings) was accepted by an external project. 3 04/12 24 Bug Report Reported a bug in a repository, and another user was able to reproduce it. 5 04/12 25 Feature Request Made a request for a new feature in a software. 2 04/12 26 INSPER Project Made additional contributions to an INSPER educational project. 5 04/12"},{"location":"assessment/#community","title":"Community","text":"

    A software project is also defined by the interactions of all the people around it: users, developers, and translators. This category includes non-technical contributions that benefit these individuals.

    id Name Description XP Date 40 Indirect Issue Conversations in an issue or pull request led other users to open issues reporting new bugs/improvements. 3 04/12 41 Beta Tester When reproducing a bug, you discovered that it had already been fixed and caused the closure of an issue. 3 04/12 42 Translation Accepted! Made a translation that was accepted in an open-source software. 5 04/12 43 New Languages Added support for translations in a previously non-translatable software. 10 04/12 44 Reviewer Reviewed minor errors in the documentation of a project, and your modifications were accepted. 2 04/12 45 Documentation Contribution Closed an issue marked as docs. 7 04/12 46 Project Pitch Delivered a project pitch. 0 04/12 47 Pitch Accepted! Contributed to a project presented in class. 5 04/12 48 Accepted Suggestion! Another student contributed to the project you pitched. 3 04/12 49 PR Replay Presented (in 15 minutes) the process of resolving a bug in class. 5 04/12"},{"location":"assessment/#impact","title":"Impact","text":"

    This category encompasses skills that represent the impact generated by the activities performed within the context of the course, both on a software project and the community around it. This includes:

    1. Presentations given by students
    2. A large number of accepted contributions to a single project
    3. Mentions of work done by the student on the project's social media
    4. Releases containing commits made within the course's context
    id Name Description XP Date 60 Speaker Gave a talk about libraries or open-source software. 20 04/12 61 Helpdesk Had an accepted answer on sites like StackOverflow or email lists. 4 04/12 62 Published Contribution One of your contributions was included in a release. 10 04/12 63 VIP Guest After making a contribution, someone from the project asked you to perform a task. After delivering the task, add this skill. 5 04/12 64 3 Submitted PRs Submitted 3 pull requests to the same project. 10 04/12 65 3 Accepted PRs 3 pull requests you submitted to a project were accepted. 30 04/12 66 Shoutout Something you did was mentioned by the project on social media or through an official channel. 10 04/12 77 Hacktoberfest Participated in Hacktoberfest by submitting 3 pull requests to external projects. 20 04/12"},{"location":"impact-2019/","title":"Edi\u00e7\u00e3o 2019/2","text":"

    In the 2019/2 edition, students worked on 19 different projects, contributing with 46 code modifications, of which 14 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on the Servidor de Desafios, a software developed by Insper professors to be used in the Software Design course. A total of 12 accepted modifications have already been used during the semester.

    We also encourage students to participate in external technology events and experience the world outside Insper. In total, students participated in 10 events.

    "},{"location":"impact-2019/#alunos","title":"Alunos","text":"Alessandra Bl\u00fccher Alexandre Edington Antonio Jo\u00e3o Andraues Junior Elisa Mochetti Malzoni Gabriel Lopes Monteiro Gabriel Do Vale Rios Giulia Braga Passarelli Guilherme Leite Hugo Ebert Carl Igor Montagner Leonardo Pereira Medeiros Lucas Scarlato Astur Pedro Cunial Campos Samuel Vinicius Granato De Barros Vinicius Gomes De Lima Vitor Liu"},{"location":"impact-2019/#contribuicoes-de-codigo","title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es de c\u00f3digo","text":"Servidor de desafios
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/28 (Elisa Mochetti Malzoni)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/20 (Pedro Cunial Campos)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/issues/13 (Leonardo Pereira Medeiros)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/26 (Samuel Vinicius Granato De Barros)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/30 (Guilherme Leite)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/27 (Alessandra Bl\u00fccher)
    • (Lucas Scarlato Astur)
    • https://github.com/Insper/LogCompTester/issues/2 (Lucas Scarlato Astur)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/29 (Vitor Liu)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/23 (Alexandre Edington)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/32 (Giulia Braga Passarelli)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/38 (Gabriel Do Vale Rios)
    Pandas Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28183
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29193
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29191
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29087
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/27934
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28091
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28032
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29201
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28659
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28265
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28632
    • - https://github.com/panddev/pandas/pull/28296
    • - https://github.com/lucassa3/pandas/pull/1
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29701
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/27933
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29266
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28696
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28172
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/28218
    Multi-Deployer Issues
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/issues/5
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/issues/9
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/issues/10
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/issues/21
    Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/6
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/12
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/11
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/7
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/22
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/23
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/24
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/26
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/15
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/28
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/13
    Python-Ds Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/prabhupant/python-ds/pull/250
    • - https://github.com/prabhupant/python-ds/pull/247
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/prabhupant/python-ds/issues/248
    Backtesting Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/raulikeda/Backtesting/pull/23
    • - https://github.com/raulikeda/Backtesting/pull/22
    Loopdocs Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/LoopKit/loopdocs/pull/111
    Osu Issues
    • - https://github.com/ppy/osu/issues/6571
    Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/ppy/osu/issues/2510
    Lector Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/BasioMeusPuga/Lector/pull/113
    Spacemacs Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs/pull/12674
    Enzyme Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/airbnb/enzyme/pull/2271
    Sherlock Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/sherlock-project/sherlock/pull/372
    Twitter-Scraper Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/bisguzar/twitter-scraper/pull/80
    Discord-Bot Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/RPCS3/discord-bot/pull/435
    Scikit-Image Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image/pull/4126
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image/issues/4125
    Python-Scripts Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/ankitdobhal/Python-Scripts/pull/64
    Aos-Reminders Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/daviseford/aos-reminders/pull/219
    Calcurse Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/lfos/calcurse/pull/229
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/lfos/calcurse/issues/228
    Scikit-Learn Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/pull/15327
    Nightguard Issues
    • - https://github.com/nightscout/nightguard/issues/61
    Dev-Aberto Issues
    • - https://github.com/Insper/dev-aberto/issues/67
    "},{"location":"impact-2019/#eventos","title":"Eventos","text":""},{"location":"impact-2020/","title":"2020/1","text":"

    In the 2020/1 edition, students worked on 15 different projects, contributing with 27 code modifications, of which 17 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on the Challenge Server, a software developed by Insper professors to be used in the Software Design course. A total of 7 accepted modifications have already been used during the semester.

    "},{"location":"impact-2020/#alunos","title":"Alunos","text":"Isabella Rocha De Oliveira Bruna Mayumi Kimura Bruno Arthur Cesconetto Eli Jose Abi Ghosn Eric Fernando Otofuji Abrantes Francisco Ciol Rodrigues Aveiro Gabriel Fonseca Moreira Gabriel Valente Francato Hugo Silva Pereira Mendes Igor Dos Santos Montagner Lucca Delchiaro Costabile Martim Ferreira Jose Pedro De La Pe\u00f1a Ferreira Bueno Fonseca Pedro Oliveira De Azambuja Raphael Costa Sabrina Sampaio Simao Victor Laperuta De Moura"},{"location":"impact-2020/#contribuicoes","title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es Melhorias de c\u00f3digo enviadas","text":"Servidor de desafios
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/75 (Pedro De La Pe\u00f1a Ferreira Bueno Fonseca)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/72 (Gabriel Valente Francato)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/73 (Gabriel Fonseca Moreira)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/83 (Francisco Ciol Rodrigues Aveiro)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/66 (Pedro Oliveira De Azambuja)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/82 (Martim Ferreira Jose)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/67 (Sabrina Sampaio Simao)
    Pygame/Pygame Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1909
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1960
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1911
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1923
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1912
    Pandas-Dev/Pandas Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/32451
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34267
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34377
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34450
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34812
    Elementary/Code Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/issues/818
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/832
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/833
    Dgilland/Pydash Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/dgilland/pydash/pull/137
    • - https://github.com/dgilland/pydash/pull/139
    • - https://github.com/dgilland/pydash/pull/138
    Insper/Projeto-Campo-Favela Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/Insper/projeto-campo-favela/pull/27
    • - https://github.com/Insper/projeto-campo-favela/pull/24
    Hospitalrun/Hospitalrun-Frontend Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/HospitalRun/hospitalrun-frontend/pull/1983
    • - https://github.com/HospitalRun/hospitalrun-frontend/pull/1977
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/HospitalRun/hospitalrun-frontend/issues/1940
    Bokeh/Bokeh Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh/pull/10173
    Elementary/Terminal Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/elementary/terminal/pull/486
    Matplotlib/Matplotlib Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/pull/16985
    Sorxrob/Covid3D Issues
    • - https://github.com/sorxrob/covid3d/issues/13
    Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/sorxrob/covid3d/pull/8
    Trekhleb/Covid-19 Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/trekhleb/covid-19/pull/38
    Elementary/Files Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/elementary/files/pull/1242
    Antiboomz/Btroblox Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/AntiBoomz/BTRoblox/pull/24
    Elementary/Appcenter Issues
    • - https://github.com/elementary/appcenter/issues/1321
    Darkreader/Darkreader Issues
    • - https://github.com/darkreader/darkreader/issues/2858
    "},{"location":"impact-2021/","title":"2021/2","text":"

    One of the main objectives of Open Development is to actively participate in existing software projects. In the 2021/2 edition, students worked on 30 different projects, contributing with 56 code modifications, of which 37 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on software developed by Insper professors to be used in various courses. A total of 0 modifications were accepted in these projects.

    We also encourage students to participate in external technology events and experience the world outside Insper. In total, students participated in 0 events.

    Melhorias de c\u00f3digo enviadas Uutils/Coreutils Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2693
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2703
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2704
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2726
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2727
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2728
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2731
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2735
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2742
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2743
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2745
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2749
    Pandas-Dev/Pandas Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/44806
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/44033
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/44927
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/43791
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/44200
    Robertodoering/Harpy Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/robertodoering/harpy/pull/471
    • - https://github.com/robertodoering/harpy/pull/473
    • - https://github.com/robertodoering/harpy/pull/474
    • - https://github.com/robertodoering/harpy/pull/483
    Elementary/Code Issues
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/issues/1096
    Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/1097
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/1100
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/1101
    Outros Pull Requests
    • https://github.com/readthedocs/readthedocs.org/pull/8591
    • https://github.com/plotly/plotly.py/pull/3508
    Backstage/Backstage Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/backstage/backstage/pull/7594
    • - https://github.com/backstage/backstage/pull/8156
    Nuta/Nsh Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/nuta/nsh/pull/32
    • - https://github.com/nuta/nsh/pull/37
    Iamashutosh99/Basic-Cpp-Course Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/iamashutosh99/basic-cpp-course/pull/23
    • - https://github.com/iamashutosh99/basic-cpp-course/pull/22
    Alteryx/Featuretools Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/alteryx/featuretools/pull/1725
    • - https://github.com/alteryx/featuretools/pull/1733
    Centerofci/Mathesar Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/centerofci/mathesar/pull/799
    • - https://github.com/centerofci/mathesar/pull/812
    Domokane/Financepy Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/domokane/FinancePy/pull/121
    • - https://github.com/domokane/FinancePy/pull/119
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/domokane/FinancePy/issues/115
    Tsvillain/Wallbay Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/tsvillain/Wallbay/pull/8
    • - https://github.com/tsvillain/Wallbay/pull/10
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/tsvillain/Wallbay/issues/7
    • - https://github.com/tsvillain/Wallbay/issues/9
    Numpy/Numpy Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/numpy/numpy/pull/20389
    Edbmods/Edbpreparecarefully Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/edbmods/EdBPrepareCarefully/pull/318
    Readthedocs/Common Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/readthedocs/common/pull/98
    Simple-Icons/Simple-Icons Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/simple-icons/simple-icons/pull/6825
    Epicmaxco/Vuestic-Admin Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/epicmaxco/vuestic-admin/pull/845
    Epicmaxco/Vuestic-Ui Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/epicmaxco/vuestic-ui/pull/1232
    Zulip/Zulip Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/zulip/zulip/pull/19969
    Pyroscope-Io/Pyroscope Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pyroscope-io/pyroscope/pull/492
    Matrix-Org/Matrix-React-Sdk Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-react-sdk/pull/6918
    Bootandy/Dust Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/bootandy/dust/pull/198
    Streamlit/Streamlit Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/pull/4051
    Godotengine/Godot Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/godotengine/godot/pull/55801
    Vector-Im/Element-Desktop Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/vector-im/element-desktop/pull/274
    Objectbox/Objectbox-Dart Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/objectbox/objectbox-dart/pull/327
    Tiangolo/Fastapi Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/4042
    Serverless/Serverless Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/serverless/serverless/pull/10119
    Workalendar/Workalendar Issues
    • - https://github.com/workalendar/workalendar/issues/689
    Twopirllc/Pandas-Ta Issues
    • - https://github.com/twopirllc/pandas-ta/issues/423
    Eventos"},{"location":"impact-2022/","title":"2022/2","text":"

    One of the main objectives of Open Development is to actively participate in existing software projects. In the 2022/2 edition, students worked on 15 different projects, contributing with 20 code modifications, of which 4 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on software developed by Insper professors to be used in various courses. A total of 0 modifications were accepted in these projects.

    We also encourage students to participate in external technology events and experience the world outside Insper. In total, students participated in 0 events.

    Alunos participantes Bruno Freitas Do Nascimento Rodrigues Caroline Chaim De Lima Carneiro Cesar Ezra Ades Eiki Luis Yamashiro Fabricio Barth Felipe Lemos Gabriel Zanetti Guilherme Carneiro Lunetta Guilherme Teixeira Batista Gustavo Molina Freneda Benites Joao Pedro Farias De Araujo Joao Pedro Montefeltro Junqueira Meirelles Jo\u00e3o Vitor Menezes De Magalh\u00e3es Jonathan Sutton Keiya Nishio Luiza Rodrigues Silveira Marcelo Cesario Miguel Paulo Wook Kim Rafael Alves De Mello Almada Rafael Evangelista Monteiro Raphael Lahiry Rodrigo Guimar\u00e3es Coelho Melhorias de c\u00f3digo enviadas Geekquad/Algobook Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/geekquad/AlgoBook/pull/563
    • - https://github.com/geekquad/AlgoBook/pull/561
    • - https://github.com/geekquad/AlgoBook/pull/562
    • - https://github.com/geekquad/AlgoBook/pull/564
    Data-8/Datascience Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/data-8/datascience/pull/563
    • - https://github.com/data-8/datascience/pull/564
    • - https://github.com/data-8/datascience/pull/562
    Adafruit/Adafruit_Circuitpython_Requests Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Requests/pull/117
    Ros-Planning/Moveit2 Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/ros-planning/moveit2/pull/1693
    Grafana/Oncall Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/grafana/oncall/pull/790
    Neetcode-Gh/Leetcode Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/neetcode-gh/leetcode/pull/1524
    Outros Pull Requests
    • https://github.com/jfilter/clean-text
    Vael1/-Awesome-Python-Scripts Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/vael1/-Awesome-Python-Scripts/pull/27
    Civiwiki/Openciviwiki Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/CiviWiki/OpenCiviWiki/pull/1469
    Aylton-Almeida/Rabbitmq-Pika-Flask Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/aylton-almeida/rabbitmq-pika-flask/pull/47
    Nidhaloff/Deep-Translator Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/nidhaloff/deep-translator/pull/166
    Kra53N/Getgit Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/kra53n/getgit/pull/16
    Commons-App/Apps-Android-Commons Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/commons-app/apps-android-commons/issues/5100
    Tbillington/Kondo Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/tbillington/kondo/pull/66
    Matplotlib/Matplotlib Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/pull/24576
    Eventos"},{"location":"impact/","title":"2023/2","text":"

    One of the main objectives of Open Development is to actively participate in existing software projects. In the 2023/2 edition, students worked on 0 different projects, contributing with 0 code modifications, of which 0 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on software developed by Insper professors to be used in various courses. A total of 0 modifications were accepted in these projects.

    We also encourage students to participate in external technology events and experience the world outside Insper. In total, students participated in 0 events.

    Code contributions Events"},{"location":"students/","title":"Students","text":"

    The following students are enrolled in this semester.

    Antonio Fonseca Caio Emmanuel Soares Rocha Cicero Tiago Carneiro Valentim Henrique Sim\u00f5es Alberti Igor Montagner Joao Pedro Gianfaldoni De Andrade Jor\u00e1s Cust\u00f3dio Campos De Oliveira Nat\u00e1lia Queiroz Menezes Carreras Rafael Libertini"},{"location":"syllabus/","title":"Syllabus","text":""},{"location":"syllabus/#assessment","title":"Assessment","text":"

    This course has a gamified assessment system. At any time, you can check your grade by running:

    $ ./dev-aberto.py compute-grade your-blackboard-login

    Biweekly reports will be sent with a summary of what has been delivered and which criteria have been met, as well as the student's current grade. There is no possibility of losing points. Although the report is for informational purposes only, if the student is not failing due to absences, they should receive the grade indicated in the biweekly reports.

    Attention

    The complete list of rules is available on the Course Rules page and is the official reference for grade calculation. If there is a discrepancy between the report and the rules page, consider the report to be buggy.

    "},{"location":"syllabus/#schedule","title":"Schedule","text":"
    • MON 07:30 - 09:30
    • WED 07:30 - 09:30
    • Office Hours: on demand
    "},{"location":"syllabus/#lesson-plan","title":"Lesson Plan","text":"

    The following activities are planned. The program is subject to changes and adaptations as the course progresses.

    Date Question/Problem/Challenge Content 14/08 Introduction to the course and its challenges Workflow with distributed version control: forks, patches, pull requests, and local repositories. Technical and non-technical aspects surrounding software: infrastructure, support, marketing, funding. Reference: FOGEL Ch. 3; Additional reading: TAPSCOTT & WILLIAMS. 16/08 First code contribution Workflow with distributed version control: ammend, rebase, revert. 21/08 Project documentation and what to do when it doesn't exist Types of documentation (user, developer). Source code documentation systems: doxygen, Javadoc, pydoc, sphinx; Reference: FOGEL Ch. 3 (Wikis, Website) 23/08 Studio class for \"Professional Project\" activity Studio class for \"Professional Project\" activity 28/08 Ensuring others can work on the project: API documentation code quality 30/08 Software distribution and versioning Software distribution tools. Types of distribution. Versioning schemes. Reference: FOGEL Ch. 7 04/09 How to make software work in multiple countries? Localization and internationalization. Gettext tool for translations and .po format. 06/09 Software testing Types of software testing: unit, integration, and interface. Testing tools: pytest, selenium. 11/09 Studio class for \"Software Testing\" activity Studio class for \"Software Testing\" activity 13/09 Software licenses Copyrights in Brazil, patents, and software licenses; Reference: LAURENT Ch. 1 and 5, STALLMAN Ch. 6 18/09 Introduction to contributions in open projects - Activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 20/09 Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 25/09 Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 27/09 Working in software communities Assessment metrics for the second part of the course; Communication and teamwork. Reference: RAYMOND Ch. 4 02/10 Course project Studio class for project development 04/10 Course project Studio class for project development 09/10 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 11/10 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 16/10 Course project Studio class for project development 18/10 Course project Studio class for project development 23/10 Course project Studio class for project development 25/10 Course project Studio class for project development 30/10 Course project Studio class for project development 01/11 Course project Studio class for project development 06/11 Course project Studio class for project development 08/11 Course project Studio class for project development 13/11 Course project Studio class for project development 15/11 PUBLIC HOLIDAY PUBLIC HOLIDAY 20/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 22/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 27/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 29/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 04/12 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 06/12 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK"},{"location":"_snippets/alunos/","title":"Alunos","text":"Antonio Fonseca Caio Emmanuel Soares Rocha Cicero Tiago Carneiro Valentim Henrique Sim\u00f5es Alberti Igor Montagner Joao Pedro Gianfaldoni De Andrade Jor\u00e1s Cust\u00f3dio Campos De Oliveira Nat\u00e1lia Queiroz Menezes Carreras Rafael Libertini"},{"location":"_snippets/plano-de-aulas/","title":"Plano de aulas","text":"Date Question/Problem/Challenge Content 14/08 Introduction to the course and its challenges Workflow with distributed version control: forks, patches, pull requests, and local repositories. Technical and non-technical aspects surrounding software: infrastructure, support, marketing, funding. Reference: FOGEL Ch. 3; Additional reading: TAPSCOTT & WILLIAMS. 16/08 First code contribution Workflow with distributed version control: ammend, rebase, revert. 21/08 Project documentation and what to do when it doesn't exist Types of documentation (user, developer). Source code documentation systems: doxygen, Javadoc, pydoc, sphinx; Reference: FOGEL Ch. 3 (Wikis, Website) 23/08 Studio class for \"Professional Project\" activity Studio class for \"Professional Project\" activity 28/08 Ensuring others can work on the project: API documentation code quality 30/08 Software distribution and versioning Software distribution tools. Types of distribution. Versioning schemes. Reference: FOGEL Ch. 7 04/09 How to make software work in multiple countries? Localization and internationalization. Gettext tool for translations and .po format. 06/09 Software testing Types of software testing: unit, integration, and interface. Testing tools: pytest, selenium. 11/09 Studio class for \"Software Testing\" activity Studio class for \"Software Testing\" activity 13/09 Software licenses Copyrights in Brazil, patents, and software licenses; Reference: LAURENT Ch. 1 and 5, STALLMAN Ch. 6 18/09 Introduction to contributions in open projects - Activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 20/09 Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 25/09 Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 27/09 Working in software communities Assessment metrics for the second part of the course; Communication and teamwork. Reference: RAYMOND Ch. 4 02/10 Course project Studio class for project development 04/10 Course project Studio class for project development 09/10 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 11/10 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 16/10 Course project Studio class for project development 18/10 Course project Studio class for project development 23/10 Course project Studio class for project development 25/10 Course project Studio class for project development 30/10 Course project Studio class for project development 01/11 Course project Studio class for project development 06/11 Course project Studio class for project development 08/11 Course project Studio class for project development 13/11 Course project Studio class for project development 15/11 PUBLIC HOLIDAY PUBLIC HOLIDAY 20/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 22/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 27/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 29/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 04/12 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 06/12 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK"},{"location":"_snippets/skills-code/","title":"Skills code","text":"id Name Description XP Date 21 Code Contribution Submitted a pull request fixing a bug. 7 04/12 22 Contribution Accepted! A non-trivial pull request was accepted by an external project. 13 04/12 23 Simple Contribution Accepted! A simple pull request (with trivial changes or small code refactorings) was accepted by an external project. 3 04/12 24 Bug Report Reported a bug in a repository, and another user was able to reproduce it. 5 04/12 25 Feature Request Made a request for a new feature in a software. 2 04/12 26 INSPER Project Made additional contributions to an INSPER educational project. 5 04/12"},{"location":"_snippets/skills-community/","title":"Skills community","text":"id Name Description XP Date 40 Indirect Issue Conversations in an issue or pull request led other users to open issues reporting new bugs/improvements. 3 04/12 41 Beta Tester When reproducing a bug, you discovered that it had already been fixed and caused the closure of an issue. 3 04/12 42 Translation Accepted! Made a translation that was accepted in an open-source software. 5 04/12 43 New Languages Added support for translations in a previously non-translatable software. 10 04/12 44 Reviewer Reviewed minor errors in the documentation of a project, and your modifications were accepted. 2 04/12 45 Documentation Contribution Closed an issue marked as docs. 7 04/12 46 Project Pitch Delivered a project pitch. 0 04/12 47 Pitch Accepted! Contributed to a project presented in class. 5 04/12 48 Accepted Suggestion! Another student contributed to the project you pitched. 3 04/12 49 PR Replay Presented (in 15 minutes) the process of resolving a bug in class. 5 04/12"},{"location":"_snippets/skills-impact/","title":"Skills impact","text":"id Name Description XP Date 60 Speaker Gave a talk about libraries or open-source software. 20 04/12 61 Helpdesk Had an accepted answer on sites like StackOverflow or email lists. 4 04/12 62 Published Contribution One of your contributions was included in a release. 10 04/12 63 VIP Guest After making a contribution, someone from the project asked you to perform a task. After delivering the task, add this skill. 5 04/12 64 3 Submitted PRs Submitted 3 pull requests to the same project. 10 04/12 65 3 Accepted PRs 3 pull requests you submitted to a project were accepted. 30 04/12 66 Shoutout Something you did was mentioned by the project on social media or through an official channel. 10 04/12 77 Hacktoberfest Participated in Hacktoberfest by submitting 3 pull requests to external projects. 20 04/12"},{"location":"_snippets/skills-tutorial/","title":"Skills tutorial","text":"id Name Description XP Date 1 First Steps Added to the discipline's repository. 2 21/08 2 Exploring a Project's Environment Researched the history and community of people and services around a project. 3 21/08 3 Undocumented Project Received an undocumented system and got it up and running. 5 28/08 4 Professional Project Refactored poorly written code and created a web page for it. 5 01/09 5 Tested and Approved Created unit tests and interface tests for the challenge server. 5 13/09 6 Python Package Created a Python package installable via pip. 3 11/09 7 Dockerfile Created automated deployment for a Python web system. 3 11/09 8 Basic Translation Used translation tools to translate and localize a small command-line program. 2 11/09 10 FLOSS Research Delivered a long presentation on a recent and relevant topic related to free and open-source software. 5 04/12 11 Better code Addressed linting problems in a poorly written project 5 15/09"},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/","title":"02 - Comunidades de Software","text":"

    A atividade desta aula envolve a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de uma apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o explicando como s\u00e3o organizadas as comunidades ao redor dos seguintes projetos de software:

    1. Docker
    2. GIMP
    3. Kubernetes
    4. flatpak
    5. Godot engine
    6. GNOME
    7. TensorFlow
    8. digiKam
    9. Shotcut

    Cada grupo de 3 alunos dever\u00e1 escolher um projeto acima e pesquisar os seguintes pontos.

    1. Para qu\u00ea serve o projeto?
    2. Onde est\u00e1 o c\u00f3digo fonte? Quais tecnologias s\u00e3o usadas?
    3. Qual a licen\u00e7a? Existem guidelines p\u00fablicos ou algum tipo de burocracia para contribui\u00e7\u00f5es?
    4. Existe documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvedor?
      • Parece f\u00e1cil de compilar/rodar?
      • Parece f\u00e1cil de modificar?

    5. Como o projeto \u00e9 comandado?

      • Quem s\u00e3o as grandes figuras (desenvolvedores, evangelistas, etc) do projeto? Se o projeto for grande, cite duas \u00e1reas diferentes neste item.
      • Existe um roadmap p\u00fablico?
      • S\u00e3o aceitas contribui\u00e7\u00f5es externas? Por qual via?
      • As decis\u00f5es s\u00e3o tomadas por quem?

    6. Onde encontrar os membros do projeto? Onde pedir ajuda?

    7. O projeto arrecada fundos?
      • Existem empresas patrocinando desenvolvedores?
      • Quanto foi arrecadado? E gasto? Com quais fins?
      • Quem decide como gastar?

    O trabalho do grupo ser\u00e1, ent\u00e3o, criar uma apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o de 10 minutos que responda as perguntas acima.

    As apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es da vers\u00e3o do curso 2022/2 podem ser acessadas nos links abaixo:

    1. Docker
    2. GIMP
    3. Kubernetes
    4. flatpak
    5. Godot engine
    6. GNOME
    7. TensorFlow
    8. digiKam
    9. Shotcut
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_1","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#fluxo-de-trabalho-distribuido-e-comunidades-de-software","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#modelo-github-fork-pull-request","title":"Modelo Github fork + pull request","text":"

    Fonte: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#modelo-github-fork-pull-request_1","title":"Modelo Github fork + pull request","text":"

    Fonte: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#fluxo-de-trabalho-outros-modelos","title":"Fluxo de Trabalho: outros modelos","text":"
    1. Enviar patch via lista de e-mails (ex. Linux)
    2. Ferramentas de code review (ex. KDE - Phabricator)
    3. Patch \u00e9 anexado no Bug Tracker (ex. Haiku, KDE)
    4. N\u00e3o recebe contribui\u00e7\u00f5es externas
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#revisao-dos-prs-da-aula-passada","title":"Revis\u00e3o dos PRs da aula passada","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erros-comuns","title":"Erros comuns","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-0-o-arquivo-login-achievements","title":"Erro 0: o arquivo login-achievements","text":"

    Como consertar: Crie um novo commit com a data certa e veja o erro 2.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-1-arquivos-extras-no-pr","title":"Erro 1: arquivos extras no PR","text":"

    Erro: modificar arquivos n\u00e3o relacionados a sua mudan\u00e7a proposta.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_2","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Ideal:

    1. Um Pull Request dever\u00e1 conter o somente os arquivos relacionados a modifica\u00e7\u00e3o proposta.
    2. Cada modifica\u00e7\u00e3o proposta est\u00e1 em um Pull Request separado

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-1-arquivos-extras-no-pr_1","title":"Erro 1: arquivos extras no PR","text":"

    Como consertar: git revert cria um commit que desfaz altera\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores.

    Op\u00e7\u00f5es extras:

    • --no-commit: s\u00f3 adiciona as modifica\u00e7\u00f5es, mas n\u00e3o faz o commit. Permite desfazer parcialmente um commit.

    Fonte: https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-2-pr-contem-mais-de-um-commit","title":"Erro 2: PR cont\u00e9m mais de um commit","text":"

    Erro: o PR est\u00e1 espalhado em v\u00e1rios commits.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_3","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Ideal:

    1. Colocar toda sua modifica\u00e7\u00e3o em um s\u00f3 commit ajuda a entender o que foi modificado no PR.
    2. Mant\u00e9m hist\u00f3rico limpo, com um commit por bug consertado ou funcionalidade adicionada.
    3. Facilita encontrar erros e desfazer a modifica\u00e7\u00e3o caso ela seja problem\u00e1tica (usando `git revert')
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-2-pr-contem-mais-de-um-commit_1","title":"Erro 2: PR cont\u00e9m mais de um commit","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-2-pr-contem-mais-de-um-commit_2","title":"Erro 2: PR cont\u00e9m mais de um commit","text":"

    Como consertar: git rebase -i master permite remover e juntar commits do branch atual que n\u00e3o estejam no master.

    Fonte: https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-3-mensagens-de-commit-nao-descritivas","title":"Erro 3: Mensagens de commit n\u00e3o descritivas","text":"

    Como consertar: git commit --amend permite modificar o \u00faltimo commit feito.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-4-pull-request-com-descricao-ruim","title":"Erro 4: Pull Request com descri\u00e7\u00e3o ruim","text":"

    Como consertar: S\u00f3 editar na interface do Github.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#consertar-em-casa-e-pedir-review-via-github","title":"Consertar em casa e pedir review via Github","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#lembrete-se-nao-der-push-nao-estragou-nada","title":"Lembrete: se n\u00e3o der push n\u00e3o estragou nada","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#lembrete-ii-git-log-mostra-seu-historico-atual","title":"Lembrete II: git log mostra seu hist\u00f3rico atual","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#dica-se-modificou-commits-ja-publicados-use-git-push-f-para-sobrescrever","title":"Dica: se modificou commits j\u00e1 publicados use git push -f para sobrescrever","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#nem-todos-os-alunos-que-estao-matriculados-na-disciplina-fizeram-a-atividade-da-ultima-aula","title":"Nem todos os alunos que est\u00e3o matriculados na disciplina fizeram a atividade da \u00faltima aula!","text":"
    python dev-aberto.py list-users\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#comunidades-de-software","title":"Comunidades de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#discussao","title":"Discuss\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_4","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Pergunta 1: quais s\u00e3o os softwares que voc\u00eas mais utilizam no dia a dia?

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_5","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_6","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_7","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Pergunta 2: quem \u00e9 o principal desenvolvedor do projeto?

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-kernel-linux","title":"Exemplo: Kernel Linux","text":"

    Funda\u00e7\u00e3o d\u00e1 suporte ao desenvolvimento do Kernel Linux e \u00e0 cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um ecossistema de software de c\u00f3digo aberto ao seu redor.

    Apoio:

    • Financeiro
    • Propriedade intelectual
    • Infraestrutura
    • Servi\u00e7os e treinamento
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-kernel-linux_1","title":"Exemplo: Kernel Linux","text":"

    Empresas que patrocinam desenvolvimento:

    1. Individuais (11,95%)
    2. Intel (10,01%)
    3. Red Hat (8,90%)
    4. Desconhecido (4,09%)
    5. IBM (3,79%)
    6. SUSE (3,49%)
    7. Linaro (2,96%)
    8. Consultores (2,96%)
    9. Google (2,79%)
    10. Samsung (2,28%)

    Fonte: \"2020 Linux Kernel Development Report\"

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-ubuntu","title":"Exemplo: Ubuntu","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_8","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_9","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_10","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_11","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Empresa privada controla o desenvolvimento do Ubuntu. Obtem recursos via

    • Doa\u00e7\u00f5es
    • Servi\u00e7os de desenvolvimento e consultoria
    • Treinamento
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-gitlab","title":"Exemplo: Gitlab","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_12","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_13","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_14","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_15","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Empresa financiada at\u00e9 agora por VC (Venture Capital) em busca de lucro.

    • Op\u00e7\u00e3o de planos gr\u00e1tis com software de c\u00f3digo aberto
    • Op\u00e7\u00e3o de planos corporativos com mais funcionalidades e suporte
    • Instala\u00e7\u00f5es locais
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-elementary","title":"Exemplo: Elementary","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_16","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_17","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o linux comandada por uma empresa \"min\u00fascula\" focada em experi\u00eancia de usu\u00e1rio. Recursos s\u00e3o obtidos via

    • Patroc\u00ednios individuais e por empresas
    • Modelo pay-what-you-want (loja de aplicativos e sistema operacional)
    • Hardware com o sistema pr\u00e9-instalado

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-linux-mint","title":"Exemplo: Linux Mint","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_18","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o linux cujo objetivo \u00e9 que tudo funcione direto na instala\u00e7\u00e3o. \u00c9 considerada boa para iniciantes.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#outras-fontes","title":"Outras fontes","text":"

    Diversas outras maneiras de conseguir suporte e financiamento

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#razoes-para-financiar-empresa","title":"Raz\u00f5es para financiar (empresa)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_19","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"
    • \"Adquirir\" especialistas em uma tecnologia
    • Vender suporte ou consultoria
    • Marketing
    • Licen\u00e7a de software \"obriga\"
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_20","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_21","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Nem sempre o que \u00e9 financiado termina em um formato \"aproveit\u00e1vel\" por terceiros (ex: Android/Linux, TiVO)

    \"Tivoization is the practice of designing hardware that incorporates software under the terms of a copyleft software license like the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL), but uses hardware restrictions or digital rights management (DRM) to prevent users from running modified versions of the software on that hardware\" [Wikipedia]

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#razoes-para-contribuir-individuo","title":"Raz\u00f5es para contribuir (indiv\u00edduo)","text":"
    • Profissionais
      • Reputa\u00e7\u00e3o / Curr\u00edculo
      • Necessidade de neg\u00f3cio
    • Pessoais
      • Altru\u00edsmo / Ideologia
      • Sensa\u00e7\u00e3o de realiza\u00e7\u00e3o pessoal
      • Exerc\u00edcio de criatividade
      • Resolver um problema de seu interesse
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#atividade-explorando-o-entorno-de-um-projeto","title":"Atividade: Explorando o entorno de um projeto","text":"
    • Pesquisar como as comunidades de alguns projetos est\u00e3o organizadas
    • Produzir uma apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o resumindo suas descobertas
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_22","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#fluxo-de-trabalho-distribuido-e-comunidades-de-software_1","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/","title":"04 - Discuss\u00f5es: documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos","text":"

    A aula de hoje \u00e9 est\u00fadio para trabalhar na atividade da aula passada mais tempo para discuss\u00f5es.

    "},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#a-ausencia-de-documentacao-de-software","title":"(A aus\u00eancia de d)ocumenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-o-que-faz-o-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: o que faz o projeto?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#servidor-de-desafios","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":"

    Voc\u00eas rodaram um MVP do servidor de desafios. Veja abaixo seu estado atual:

    https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios

    "},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#servidor-de-desafios_1","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-como-o-projeto-esta-organizado-tecnologias","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: como o projeto est\u00e1 organizado? (tecnologias)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-como-o-projeto-esta-organizado-codigo","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: como o projeto est\u00e1 organizado? (c\u00f3digo)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-arquitetura-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a arquitetura do projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#0-a-10","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-qualidade-de-codigo-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a qualidade de c\u00f3digo do projeto.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#0-a-10_1","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-seguranca-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a seguran\u00e7a do projeto.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#0-a-10_2","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-esse-projeto-e-um-projeto-profissional","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: esse projeto \u00e9 um projeto \"profissional\"?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#0-a-10_3","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-o-que-voce-incluiria-na-documentacao-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: o que voc\u00ea incluiria na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#proximas-aula","title":"Pr\u00f3ximas aula","text":"

    Entender o qu\u00ea \u00e9 um projeto profissional:

    • documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio e desenvolvedor
    • boas pr\u00e1ticas de programa\u00e7\u00e3o e qualidade de c\u00f3digo
    • integra\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo e documenta\u00e7\u00e3o em um mesmo reposit\u00f3rio
    "},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#a-ausencia-de-documentacao-de-software_1","title":"(A aus\u00eancia de d)ocumenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/","title":"05 - Projeto Profissional","text":"

    Existe um momento em que ele j\u00e1 soluciona um problema para o autor e come\u00e7a a ficar claro que ele \u00e9 de interesse de outras pessoas. Vamos considerar que o Servidor de Desafios chegou neste momento e transform\u00e1-lo em um projeto \"profissional\".

    Seu trabalho neste roteiro ser\u00e1 preparar o projeto para ser apresentado \"oficialmente\" a outros usu\u00e1rios. Ou seja, far\u00e1 mudan\u00e7as para melhorar a qualidade do c\u00f3digo e criar\u00e1 uma p\u00e1gina para o projeto apresentando-o e provendo instru\u00e7\u00f5es de instala\u00e7\u00e3o e uso.

    Para entregar esta tarefa voc\u00ea dever\u00e1 criar um reposit\u00f3rio softdes-desafios em seu usu\u00e1rio, colocar o servidor de desafios l\u00e1 e hospedar sua documenta\u00e7\u00e3o usando Github Pages. Com isto pronto envie o trabalho de voc\u00eas via PR para o reposit\u00f3rio da disciplina. 

    {\"skill_id\": 4, \"metadata\": {\"date\": \"2022-09-01\", \"url\": \"http...\", \"group\": []}\n

    Os itens obrigat\u00f3rios s\u00e3o descritos nos itens abaixo.

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#itens-basicos-de-qualidade","title":"Itens b\u00e1sicos de qualidade","text":"
    • Adicionar um README ao projeto
      • Adicione uma descri\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto
      • Screenshot
      • Links para docs de Desenvolvimento e Usu\u00e1rio
    • Organizar pastas seguindo uma estrutura em que o c\u00f3digo est\u00e1 em src e a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o oficial em docs
    • Subir c\u00f3digo no Github
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#qualidade-de-codigo","title":"Qualidade de c\u00f3digo","text":"

    Nosso c\u00f3digo est\u00e1 mal formatado e tem v\u00e1rias pr\u00e1ticas ruins de programa\u00e7\u00e3o. O pylint detecta estes problemas e d\u00e1 uma nota para seu c\u00f3digo. Melhore a nota do Servidor de Desafios eliminando estes problemas do c\u00f3digo. Alguns dos problemas s\u00e3o de resolu\u00e7\u00e3o simples e podem ser feitos por ferramentas, mas outros requerem uma aten\u00e7\u00e3o \"humana\"

    Ele n\u00e3o precisa estar 100%, mas voc\u00ea precisa eliminar grande parte dos erros mais bizarros. Ap\u00f3s fazer as corre\u00e7\u00f5es crie um novo commit e prossiga.

    Danger

    Certifique-se que o projeto continua funcionando! Alguns erros, como usar exec ou eval s\u00e3o inerentes ao projeto e n\u00e3o podem ser \"consertados\".

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#documentacao","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    O mkdocs \u00e9 uma ferramenta de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software para gerar uma p\u00e1gina web de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o para o projeto. Vamos us\u00e1-lo para documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvimento e de usu\u00e1rio do nosso projeto.

    Tip

    O mkdocs possui v\u00e1rios temas. Escolha um que voc\u00ea goste.

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#documentacao-de-usuario","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio","text":"

    Os seguintes itens devem estar presentes:

    • Uma p\u00e1gina inicial descrevendo o projeto e explicando seu uso esperado. Inclua links e screenshots do software rodando.
    • Uma p\u00e1gina de guia de usu\u00e1rio para alunos. Este guia dever\u00e1 mostrar passo a passo as seguintes tarefa
      • entrar no servidor de desafios
      • enviar solu\u00e7\u00e3o correta para desafio
      • enviar solu\u00e7\u00e3o errada
    • Uma p\u00e1gina de guia de usu\u00e1rio para professores. Ela dever\u00e1 descrever:
      • como adicionar usu\u00e1rios (usando os arquivos users.csv e add_user.py)
      • como adicionar novos desafios (linha de comando mesmo)
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#documentacao-de-desenvolvimento","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvimento","text":"

    As seguintes informa\u00e7\u00f5es devem estar presentes:

    • como configurar ambiente de desenvolvimento
    • instala\u00e7\u00e3o do software
    • estrutura do c\u00f3digo em alto n\u00edvel
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api-e-linters","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#servidor-de-desafios","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":"
    • Arquitetura
    • Qualidade de c\u00f3digo
    • Seguran\u00e7a
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#software-tem-historia-e-depende-de-pessoas-para-evoluir","title":"Software tem hist\u00f3ria e depende de pessoas para evoluir","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#codigo-vs-software-profissional","title":"C\u00f3digo vs software profissional","text":"

    Os seguintes pontos transformam um c\u00f3digo que fiz para mim em algo \u00fatil para outras pessoas

    1. Tradu\u00e7\u00f5es e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (datas)
    2. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio e de desenvolvimento
    3. Algum processo de qualidade de software
      • testes automatizados
      • formata\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo e estrutura de repo
    4. pacotes de instala\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    • Ferramentas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API usando
    • Padr\u00f5es de formata\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo
      • linters
      • PEP8
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":"

    Objetivo: explicar o funcionamento das fun\u00e7\u00f5es, classes e m\u00f3dulos de um programa.

    • Focado em detalhes
    • Documenta os argumentos esperados e em quais situa\u00e7\u00f5es a fun\u00e7\u00e3o funciona
    • Tipicamente obtida direto do c\u00f3digo
    • N\u00e3o detalha como as fun\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o usadas em conjunto
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api_2","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":"

    ref

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#ferramentas","title":"Ferramentas","text":"
    • Python:
      • pydoc, numpydoc
    • C/C++
      • Doxygen
    • Java
      • Javadoc

    Em geral podem ser plugadas em alguma ferramenta de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos.

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao_1","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao_2","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    • Cada projeto tem o seu
    • Algumas linguagens tem um estilo padr\u00e3o
      • Python - PEP8
    • Ferramentas ajudam a conferir (for\u00e7ar) um estilo espec\u00edfico
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#ferramentas_1","title":"Ferramentas","text":"
    • Python: pylint, black
    • C/C++: splint, cppchecker, gcc (op\u00e7\u00f5es -Wall, -Wextra)
    • Java: flag -Xlint
    • Javascript: ESlint, TSlint (typescript)
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":"

    Ajudam a manter c\u00f3digo limpo e leg\u00edvel. Podem ser plugadas no seu editor favorito.

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#execucao-obrigatoria-para-muitos-projetos-grandes","title":"Execu\u00e7\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3ria para muitos projetos grandes","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#atividade-pratica-projeto-profissional","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Projeto profissional","text":"

    Objetivo: Transformar um c\u00f3digo perdido em um projeto \"completo\"

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"github pages criado\", \"group\": [\"ate tr\u00eas\", \"alunos\"]}

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api-testes","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API + testes","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/","title":"06 - Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":"

    Nesta aula complementaremos as \u00faltimas discuss\u00f5es criando um pequeno pacote Python instal\u00e1vel via pip. Com isto chegamos mais perto de um projeto que esteja preparado para que outras pessoas o utilizem e colaborem em seu desenvolvimento.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#distribuindo-software-para-desenvolvedores-pacote-python-basico","title":"Distribuindo software para desenvolvedores: pacote Python b\u00e1sico","text":"

    Nosso m\u00f3dulo se chamar\u00e1 dev_aberto e disponibilizar\u00e1 um programa execut\u00e1vel hello.py. Crie a seguinte estrutura de pastas para nosso pacote.

    Important

    Baixe os arquivos que usaremos neste link

    pacote_exemplo/\n    dev_aberto/\n        __init__.py\n        dev_aberto.py\n    scripts/\n        hello.py\n    README.md\n    LICENSE\n

    Exercise

    com a estrutura acima, qual seria o import a ser feito para usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o hello do arquivo dev_aberto.py?

    Exercise

    Pesquise para que serve o arquivo __init__.py e use-o para permitir importar hello usando somente import dev_aberto.

    Exercise

    Crie um projeto no github para esta atividade. Fa\u00e7a um primeiro commit nele com o conte\u00fado \"zerado\" do projeto.

    • Um arquivo README contendo uma frase de descri\u00e7\u00e3o do pacote e um link para o reposit\u00f3rio da disciplina.
    • Um arquivo LICENSE com a licen\u00e7a MIT.
    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#o-arquivo-setuppy","title":"O arquivo setup.py","text":"

    A descri\u00e7\u00e3o de um pacote Python \u00e9 feita usando um arquivo setup.py Veja abaixo uma vers\u00e3o inicial deste arquivo:

    from setuptools import setup\n\nsetup(name='dev_aberto_seunome',\n      version='0.1',\n      packages=['dev_aberto']\n      )\n

    Exercise

    Crie o arquivo acima no seu projeto, substituindo seunome por .... seu nome. Instale o seu pr\u00f3prio pacote usando

    pip install .

    Exercise

    Em outra pasta, abra um console Python e tente importar seu m\u00f3dulo.

    Exercise

    Pesquise quais argumentos s\u00e3o usados para especificar o autor do pacote, as vers\u00f5es de Python e sistemas operacionais suportados. Preencha estes valores com suas informa\u00e7\u00f5es. Note que o pip leva estas informa\u00e7\u00f5es em conta e s\u00f3 instalar\u00e1 um pacote se ele estiver em um ambiente suportado.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#dependencias","title":"Depend\u00eancias","text":"

    Para adicionar pacotes que s\u00e3o automaticamente instalados quando instalamos nosso pacote precisamos identific\u00e1-los no nosso arquivo setup.py. Para adicionar uma depend\u00eancia de instala\u00e7\u00e3o basta adicionar o seguinte argumento:

        ...\n    install_requires=[\n        'pacote>=1.0',\n        'pacote2'\n    ],\n    ...\n

    Exercise

    Verifique as depend\u00eancias do c\u00f3digo e adicione-as no setup.py.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#requirementstxt","title":"requirements.txt","text":"

    Muitos softwares usam tamb\u00e9m um arquivo requirements.txt para listar todas as depend\u00eancias do software de modo a obter uma instala\u00e7\u00e3o id\u00eantica \u00e0 do desenvolvedor. Isto \u00e9 importante para uniformizar os ambientes de desenvolvimento. Ou seja, este arquivo nunca ser\u00e1 usado por usu\u00e1rios finais.

    Exercise

    Crie um requirements.txt para seu projeto com as mesmas depend\u00eancias listadas no seu setup.py.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#scripts-executaveis","title":"Scripts execut\u00e1veis","text":"

    Al\u00e9m de instalar o nosso m\u00f3dulo para uso via import desejamos tamb\u00e9m disponibilizar o arquivo hello.py como um execut\u00e1vel para todo o sistema. Isto pode ser feito adicionando a seguinte linha no nosso setup.py indicando que scripts/hello.py dever\u00e1 ser instalado como um execut\u00e1vel. 

        ...\n    scripts=['scripts/hello.py'],\n    ...\n

    N\u00e3o se esque\u00e7a de adicionar a seguinte linha no topo de seu arquivo para que ele possa ser executado diretamente do shell:

    #!/usr/bin/env python3\n

    No Windows \u00e9 criado um execut\u00e1vel que chama nosso script, de modo que as chamdas do execut\u00e1vel continuar\u00e3o funcionando normalmente. Note que isto n\u00e3o cria menus em nenhum tipo de interface gr\u00e1fica.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#criando-arquivos-de-distribuicao","title":"Criando arquivos de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Dois tipos de arquivos de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o podem ser usados:

    • sdist: \u00e9 um arquivo contendo os fontes do projeto, incluindo arquivos adicionais especificados usando o argumento data_files. Usado se seu projeto for Python-puro.
    • wheel: \u00e9 um formato pr\u00e9-compilado e espec\u00edfico para cada plataforma. Mais usado quando o projeto cont\u00e9m extens\u00f5es em C.

    A cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um arquivo de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de fontes \u00e9 bem simples:

    > python setup.py sdist\n

    A instala\u00e7\u00e3o deste pacote pode ser feita via pip.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#envio-para-o-pypi","title":"Envio para o PyPI","text":"

    Vamos agora enviar nosso pacote para o Python Package Index para que ele possa ser instalado diretamente via pip. Para n\u00e3o poluir o reposit\u00f3rio com pacotes tempor\u00e1rios e de teste, podemos usar o TestPyPI. Toda sua infraestrutura \u00e9 igual ao oficial, mas ele \u00e9 limpo de maneira regular.

    Visite https://test.pypi.org/account/register/ e registre-se no TestPyPI.

    Ap\u00f3s o registro, usaremos o pacote twine (instal\u00e1vel via pip) para fazer o upload:

    > twine upload --repository-url https://test.pypi.org/legacy/ dist/*\n

    Voc\u00ea poder\u00e1, ent\u00e3o, instalar seu pacote a partir do test PyPI usando o seguinte comando:

    > pip install --index-url https://test.pypi.org/simple/ my_hello_nome\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Pacote Python e inclua nela a url do seu reposit\u00f3rio no github.

    Objetivo: Primeira experi\u00eancia distribuindo software Python.

    \"skill_id\": 6, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-seu-pacote\"}

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#distribuindo-software-para-usuarios-finais","title":"Distribuindo software para usu\u00e1rios finais","text":"

    Vamos agora trabalhar (em grupo) no Servidor de Desafios novamente. Seu trabalho ser\u00e1 criar um Dockerfile que roda o software de maneira \"completa\". Ou seja, o script de cria\u00e7\u00e3o do container dever\u00e1

    • instalar todas as depend\u00eancias do sistema
    • criar a base de dados, se necess\u00e1rio
    • adicionar os usu\u00e1rios presentes no arquivo users.csv, se necess\u00e1rio
    • executar o servidor e serv\u00ed-lo na porta 8080 do host
    • manter os dados adicionados ao reiniciar o container
    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#entrega_1","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Dockerfile segundo o modelo abaixo.

    Objetivo: Criou deploy automatizado para sistema web Python

    \"skill_id\": 7, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-servidor-de-desafios\", \"group\": [\"login1\", \"login2\"]}

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#referencias","title":"Refer\u00eancias","text":"

    Algumas refer\u00eancias que podem ser \u00fateis:

    • https://docker-curriculum.com/
    • https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/","title":"07 - Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Na parte expositiva da aula tivemos uma introdu\u00e7\u00e3o aos problemas de Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (i18n) e Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o (L10N). Neste roteiro iremos praticar o uso destas t\u00e9cnicas em uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o linha de comando de exemplo simples.

    Em ambos exemplos vamos trabalhar com o m\u00f3dulo Babel, que \u00e9 feito para facilitar a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de aplica\u00e7\u00f5es feitas em Python. Outras linguagens de programa\u00e7\u00e3o possuem bibliotecas similares que seguem a mesma sequ\u00eancia de comandos e usam os mesmos tipos de arquivos.

    Sistemas POSIX suportam a determina\u00e7\u00e3o do locale utilizado por meio da vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LANGUAGE, que pode ser modificada para cada execu\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa. O formato padr\u00e3o usado \u00e9 <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>. Para portugu\u00eas do Brasil usando codifica\u00e7\u00e3o UTF8 usamos o locale pt_BR.utf8. Rodando o seguinte comando as mensagens de ajuda do ls devem aparecer em ingl\u00eas.

    LANGUAGE=en_US.utf8 ls --help

    J\u00e1 executando o comando abaixo elas devem aparecer em portugu\u00eas.

    LANGUAGE=pt_BR.utf8 ls --help

    De maneira mais geral, existe uma s\u00e9rie de vari\u00e1veis LC_* que controlam qual locale \u00e9 usado para determinado tipo de dados. Veremos a seguir como usar LC_TIME e LC_NUMERIC para controlar como datas e n\u00fameros s\u00e3o exibidos e LANGUAGE para definir a lingua de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#localizando-um-programa-em-python","title":"Localizando um programa em Python","text":"

    Vamos trabalhar com uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de linha de comando que nada mais faz que imprimir alguns dados simples como data em extenso, um n\u00famero fracion\u00e1rio grande e uma mensagem pr\u00e9-definida. O c\u00f3digo completo (arquivo cli.py) est\u00e1 abaixo.

    from datetime import date\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    today = date.today()\n    print(today)\n\n    number = 240000000000.32212\n    print(number)\n\n    name = input('Input your name: ')\n    print('Hello {}'.format(name))\n
    Uma sa\u00edda poss\u00edvel seria

    2018-08-28\n240000000000.3221\nInput your name: Igor\nHello Igor\n

    Como j\u00e1 visto em aula, este programa re\u00fane tr\u00eas das principais sa\u00eddas que precisam ser formatadas: datas, n\u00fameros fracion\u00e1rios e mensagens para o usu\u00e1rio.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#formatando-datas","title":"Formatando datas","text":"

    A formata\u00e7\u00e3o de datas \u00e9 governada para vari\u00e1vel LC_TIME. O m\u00f3dulo babel.dates j\u00e1 possui diversas fun\u00e7\u00f5es que automaticamente a utilizam para fazer a localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de vari\u00e1veis do tipo Date (usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o format_date) ou DateTime (usando format_datetime).

    Exercise

    Pesquise como usar estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e utilize-as no seu programa para localizar a data por extenso (ou seja, 31 de agosto de 2021).

    Exercise

    O qu\u00ea acontece quando definimos a vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LC_TIME=en_US.utf8 e rodamos o programa? E se usamos LC_TIME=pt_BR.utf8?

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#formatando-numeros","title":"Formatando n\u00fameros","text":"

    A formata\u00e7\u00e3o de datas \u00e9 governada para vari\u00e1vel LC_NUMERIC. O m\u00f3dulo babel.numbers possui a fun\u00e7\u00e3o format_number que formata um n\u00famero de acordo com esta configura\u00e7\u00e3o.

    Exercise

    Pesquise como usar estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e utilize-as no seu programa para localizar o n\u00famero fracion\u00e1rio mostrado.

    Exercise

    Teste seu programa com LC_NUMERIC=en_US.utf8 e LC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.utf8. Os efeitos s\u00e3o os esperados?s

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#traduzindo-mensagens","title":"Traduzindo mensagens","text":"

    A parte final consiste em criar tradu\u00e7\u00f5es das duas strings presentes no texto. A linguagem usada \u00e9 definida pela vari\u00e1vel LANGUAGE, que pode ser definida separadamente para cada processo. Um dos pontos mais importantes \u00e9 marcar quais strings dever\u00e3o ser traduzidas para que uma equipe de tradutores n\u00e3o precise mexer no c\u00f3digo. O m\u00f3dulo gettext do Python j\u00e1 prov\u00ea suporte a esta funcionalidade, o Babel apenas fornece um conjunto de ferramentas que facilita seu uso.

    A implanta\u00e7\u00e3o do framework de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita em quatro passos:

    1. Marca\u00e7\u00e3o das strings a serem traduzidas
    2. Extra\u00e7\u00e3o destas strings do c\u00f3digo em um arquivo modelo .pot
    3. Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es .po a partir do modelo criado no passo anterior
    4. Compila\u00e7\u00e3o das strings traduzidas em um arquivo bin\u00e1rio .mo

    No arquivo principal de nossa aplica\u00e7\u00e3o podemos \"instalar\" o framework de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e marcar todas nossas strings a serem traduzidas com a fun\u00e7\u00e3o _(). A instala\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita pelo seguinte trecho de c\u00f3digo.

    import gettext\ngettext.install('cli', localedir='locale') \n# cli \u00e9 o nome do arquivo em que guardamos nossas tradu\u00e7\u00f5es\n# localedir \u00e9 o caminho onde est\u00e3o armazenadas as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es. Pode ser um caminho relativo. \n

    Devemos ent\u00e3o marcar todas as strings para serem traduzidas com _(). Podemos usar _() em qualquer arquivo do projeto, mesmo que a instala\u00e7\u00e3o tenha sido feita somente no arquivo principal.

    print(_(\"Hello!\"))\n

    Os passos seguintes s\u00e3o feitos com aux\u00edlio do Babel, que efetivamente analisa nosso c\u00f3digo Python e extrai as strings para tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. A cria\u00e7\u00e3o do arquivo modelo de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o a partir dos arquivos do diret\u00f3rio atual \u00e9 feita com o seguinte comando.

    $ pybabel extract . -o cli-model.pot

    Criamos ent\u00e3o uma nova tradu\u00e7\u00e3o usando o seguinte comando. A op\u00e7\u00e3o -D indica o nome do arquivo em que as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es ser\u00e3o guardadas (usado em gettext.install). A op\u00e7\u00e3o -l indica o locale da tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. A op\u00e7\u00e3o -d indica o localedir usado em gettext.install.

    $ pybabel init -i cli-model.pot -D cli -l pt_BR -d locale

    Devemos ent\u00e3o editar o arquivo criado em locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/cli.po. Ser\u00e3o apresentados (ap\u00f3s algumas linhas de coment\u00e1rios) pares de linhas como as seguintes. O primeiro valor msgid \u00e9 a string a ser traduzida e o segundo msgstr \u00e9 a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o no locale pt_BR (pois o arquivo est\u00e1 na pasta pt_BR do localedir). 

    msgid \"Input your name: \"\nmsgstr \"\"\n

    Apesar de ser poss\u00edvel fazer tudo diretamente no arquivo de texto, \u00e9 mais conveniente usar softwares como o poedit ou este editor online(https://localise.biz/free/poeditor).

    Com as strings traduzidas vamos finalmente compilar nossos resultados. Isto \u00e9 feito para que n\u00e3o seja poss\u00edvel mexer nos arquivos de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o em uma vers\u00e3o Release do programa.

    $ pybabel compile -D cli -l pt_BR -d locale

    Isto gerar\u00e1 os arquivos .mo correspondentes a ao locale pt_BR. S\u00e3o estes os arquivos carregados durante a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do programa.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#teste-final","title":"Teste final","text":"

    Podemos definir a vari\u00e1vel LANGUAGE para modificar a lingua de um programa (como visto anteriormente com ls). Execute seu programa diretamente e depois setando LANGUAGE=pt_BR.utf8. Os resultados foram os esperados?

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Modifique o exerc\u00edcio da aula passada (pacote python) para suportar datas e mensagens em Ingl\u00eas e Portugu\u00eas. Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica segundo o modelo abaixo.

    Objetivo: Aplicou ferramentas de localiza\u00e7\u00e3o para traduzir um programa simples em linha de comando.

    \"skill_id\": 8, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-pacote-python\"}

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#traduzindo-no-mundo-real","title":"Traduzindo no mundo real","text":"

    Agora que voc\u00ea j\u00e1 conhece os passos necess\u00e1rios para traduzir um software \u00e9 o momento de colocar esse conhecimento em pr\u00e1tica. O trabalho de seu grupo ser\u00e1 encontrar softwares que necessitem de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es para o Portugu\u00eas brasileiro e realiz\u00e1-las. Alguns projetos tamb\u00e9m disponibilizam arquivos *.po para tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de guias de usu\u00e1rio e isto tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 v\u00e1lido neste item.

    • GNOME - sistema de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es
    • KDE - status de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es e brasileiros tradutores.
    • Inkscape
    • Openshot
    • Elementary Linux
    • Aplicativos m\u00f3veis livres no fdroid.org

    Ao ter tradu\u00e7\u00f5es aceitas por um projeto voc\u00eas receber\u00e3o a skill Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o aceita!

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#localizacao-e-internacionalizacao-de-software","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#traducao-de-software","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#qual-a-diferenca-de-internacionalizacao-e-localizacao","title":"Qual a diferen\u00e7a de internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#internacionalizacao-i18n","title":"Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (I18N)","text":"

    • Consiste em traduzir a interface de usu\u00e1rio de um software para outros idiomas.

    • Sistema Operacional guarda configura\u00e7\u00f5es de idioma e as disponibiliza para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es

    • Tipicamente \"invis\u00edvel\"

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#localizacao-l10n","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o (L10N)","text":"

    Consiste em adaptar a maneira de mostrar

    • n\u00fameros fracion\u00e1rios
      • marcador de decimais
      • marcador de milhares
    • datas
      • nomes de meses
      • ordem de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o
    • nomes de pa\u00edses, fusos hor\u00e1rios, etc

    de acordo com as prefer\u00eancias de um usu\u00e1rio e relativos a sua cultura.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#i18n-e-l10n","title":"I18N e L10N","text":"

    Precisam ser

    • independentes:
      • idioma ingl\u00eas e datas no formato brasileiro
    • configur\u00e1veis
      • posso precisar trocar entre l\u00ednguas e entre formatos
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#o-suporte-a-l10n-e-i18n-implica-modificar-codigo-fonte","title":"O suporte a L10N e I18N implica modificar c\u00f3digo fonte.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#locales","title":"Locales","text":"

    Um locale \u00e9 uma tripla

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_1","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"
    <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_2","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    que representa configura\u00e7\u00f5es de I18N e/ou L10N para uma determinada cultura.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#locales_1","title":"Locales","text":"

    Exemplos:

    • Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de File:
      • pt = Ficheiro
      • pt_BR = Arquivo
    • Formato de datas:
      • en_US: MM/DD/YY
      • en_GB: DD/MM/YY
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#posso-usar-locales-diferentes-para-a-lingua-da-interface-de-usuario-e-para-mostrar-datas","title":"Posso usar locales diferentes para a l\u00edngua da interface de usu\u00e1rio e para mostrar datas.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#configuracoes-possiveis-linux","title":"Configura\u00e7\u00f5es poss\u00edveis (Linux)","text":"
    # sa\u00edda do comando locale\nLANG=en_US.UTF-8\nLC_CTYPE=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TIME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_COLLATE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MONETARY=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MESSAGES=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_PAPER=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_NAME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_ADDRESS=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TELEPHONE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MEASUREMENT=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_IDENTIFICATION=pt_BR.UTF-8\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#implementando-suporte-a-l10n","title":"Implementando suporte a L10N","text":"
    1. Baixar uma biblioteca de Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o
    2. Encontrar todas as exibi\u00e7\u00f5es de n\u00fameros, datas, etc
    3. Pr\u00e9-process\u00e1-las usando fun\u00e7\u00f5es da biblioteca
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_3","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"
    # Antes \nprint('Numero:', 10.5) \n# Depois\nprint('Numero', format_number(10.5))\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_4","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    N\u00e3o \u00e9 complicado, mas \u00e9 trabalhoso

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n","title":"Suporte a I18N","text":"

    Envolve 4 etapas:

    1. Marcar todas strings que devem ser traduzidas
    2. Extra\u00ed-las do c\u00f3digo fonte
    3. Criar um arquivo de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es para cada locale suportado
    4. Empacotar as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es junto com o programa
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_5","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    \u00c9 um pouco mais complicado, mas pode ser integrado ao processo de compila\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-posix","title":"Suporte a I18N (POSIX)","text":"

    Sistemas POSIX suportam determina\u00e7\u00e3o de lingua e locale usando vari\u00e1veis de ambiente.

    • LANG para l\u00edngua
    • LC_TIME para data
    • LC_NUMERIC para n\u00fameros

    Um locale sempre \u00e9 expresso no formato 

    <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-posix_1","title":"Suporte a I18N (POSIX)","text":"

    O comando locale mostra todas as op\u00e7\u00f5es dispon\u00edveis:

    # sa\u00edda do comando locale\nLANG=en_US.UTF-8\nLC_CTYPE=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TIME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_COLLATE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MONETARY=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MESSAGES=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_PAPER=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_NAME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_ADDRESS=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TELEPHONE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MEASUREMENT=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_IDENTIFICATION=pt_BR.UTF-8\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-web","title":"Suporte a I18N (Web)","text":"

    Existem diversas maneiras de determinar um bom locale em sistemas Web:

    • Cabe\u00e7alho HTTP Accept-Language inclui as linguagens de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o suportadas pelo browser do visitante.
    • Geolocaliza\u00e7\u00e3o via IP
    • Prefer\u00eancia armazenada em banco de dados
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_6","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#web-e-desktop-usam-as-mesmas-tecnologias-l10n-e-i18n","title":"Web e desktop usam as mesmas tecnologias (l10n e i18n)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-em-python","title":"Suporte a I18N (em Python)","text":"
    • M\u00f3dulo gettext da biblioteca padr\u00e3o
    • M\u00f3dulo datetime aceita o uso de locales
    • M\u00f3dulo babel faz I18N e L10N
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#atividade-pratica-traducao-basica","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica","text":"

    Objetivo: usar o m\u00f3dulo Babel para traduzir uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do terminal.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#localizacao-e-internacionalizacao-de-software_1","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/","title":"08 - Testes automatizados","text":"

    O objetivo da atividade de hoje \u00e9 criar testes automatizados para o servidor de desafios. Com isso completamos nossa jornada rumo a software que possa ser desenvolvido de maneira colaborativa e que possa ser usado em situa\u00e7\u00f5es reais.

    1. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o (usu\u00e1rios e desenvolvedor)
    2. Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de software e versionamento
    3. Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o
    4. Testes automatizados
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/#testes-de-unidade","title":"Testes de unidade","text":"

    Uma parte do programa do servidor de desafios que pode ser testada com testes de unidade \u00e9 a fun\u00e7\u00e3o lambda_handler, que executa a fun\u00e7\u00e3o submetida pelo usu\u00e1rio. Seu trabalho ser\u00e1 criar testes usando o pytest e cobrir os seguintes casos:

    • programa submetido est\u00e1 correto
    • programa submetido n\u00e3o cont\u00e9m a fun\u00e7\u00e3o pedida
    • programa submetido retorna resultado incorreto
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/#testes-de-interface-de-usuario","title":"Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio","text":"

    Iremos criar testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio para o Servidor de Desafios usando o Selenium. Este software permite imitar intera\u00e7\u00f5es reais de um usu\u00e1rio usando c\u00f3digo e criar testes baseado nessas intera\u00e7\u00f5es.

    Voc\u00eas devem simular os seguintes cen\u00e1rios:

    • Aluno faz login com sucesso
    • Aluno entra senha incorreta
    • Aluno envia desafio com resposta incorreta
    • Aluno envia desafio com resposta correta

    A ideia b\u00e1sica seria reproduzir os mesmos testes apresentados no manual do usu\u00e1rio.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Coloquem os scripts de teste na pasta test do reposit\u00f3rio e adicionem instru\u00e7\u00f5es de como rodar os testes no README.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/index_2022/","title":"08 - Testes automatizados","text":"

    O objetivo da atividade de hoje \u00e9 criar testes automatizados para um projeto espec\u00edfico de software. Com isso completamos nossa jornada rumo a software que possa ser desenvolvido de maneira colaborativa e que possa ser usado em situa\u00e7\u00f5es reais.

    1. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o (usu\u00e1rios e desenvolvedor)
    2. Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de software e versionamento
    3. Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o
    4. Testes automatizados
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/index_2022/#biblioteca-para-implementacao-de-agentes-baseados-em-busca","title":"Biblioteca para implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de agentes baseados em busca","text":"

    O projeto AI Code implementa uma biblioteca que possui diversos algoritmos de busca pr\u00e9-prontos e alguns exemplos de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o.

    Os exemplos de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o j\u00e1 possuem arquivos de teste usando a biblioteca pytest, mas podem estar incompletos ou at\u00e9 mesmo errados.

    As implementa\u00e7\u00f5es dos algoritmos de busca, da biblioteca em si, n\u00e3o possuem testes. Estes algoritmos est\u00e3o implementados no arquivo SearchAlgoritms.py.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/index_2022/#atividades","title":"Atividades","text":"
    • Fa\u00e7a um fork do projeto;
    • Leia a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o para entender os exemplos e o prop\u00f3sito da biblioteca;
    • Revise os testes;
    • Implemente ou altere 3 novos testes para um dos exemplos apresentados na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Justifique o motivo da sua nova implementa\u00e7\u00e3o ou altera\u00e7\u00e3o no pull request;
    • Implemente 3 novos testes para os algoritmos base da biblioteca. Fa\u00e7a isto em um pull request diferente do anterior.

    Al\u00e9m da implementa\u00e7\u00e3o dos testes, uma outra alternativa \u00e9 executar o pylint e sugerir mudan\u00e7as na formata\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo dos arquivos search/SearchAlgorithms.py, search/Graph.py e ProblemSpecificationExample.py.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/index_2022/#formato-de-entrega","title":"Formato de entrega","text":"

    Para a entrega do exerc\u00edcio voc\u00ea dever\u00e1:

    • implementar os dois conjuntos de testes, ou;
    • implementar um dos conjuntos de testes e as modifica\u00e7\u00f5es sugeridas pelo pylint.

    Esta atividade deve ser individual. Os PRs devem ser enviados e discutidos ao longo desta semana.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-automatizados","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#projeto-profissional","title":"Projeto profissional","text":"
    • Qualidade de c\u00f3digo
      • Linting - formata\u00e7\u00e3o e erros comuns
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
      • Usu\u00e1rio
      • Desenvolvedor
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#projeto-profissional_1","title":"Projeto profissional","text":"
    • Qualidade de c\u00f3digo
      • Linting - formata\u00e7\u00e3o e erros comuns
      • O c\u00f3digo funciona?
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
      • Usu\u00e1rio
      • Desenvolvedor
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#meu-programa-funciona","title":"Meu programa funciona?","text":"
    • Sob quais condi\u00e7\u00f5es?
    • Em quais plataformas?
    • Quais opera\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o suportadas?
    • Consigo conferir o resultado de uma execu\u00e7\u00e3o? Se sim, existe um valor de refer\u00eancia?
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-automatizados_1","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"

    Ideia: escrever um programa que verifica se um outro programa responde como esperado

    • Definir situa\u00e7\u00f5es a serem testadas ...
    • e o resultado esperado em cada situa\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-automatizados_2","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"

    N\u00e3o ajudam:

    • a revelar novos bugs
    • a garantir que um software \u00e9 livre de bugs

    Ajudam

    • a evitar que bugs descobertos voltem
    • a evitar que mudan\u00e7as n\u00e3o intencionais quebrem c\u00f3digo que estava funcionando.
    • a documentar em quais situa\u00e7\u00f5es o software funciona.
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-automatizados_3","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"
    1. Testes de unidade
    2. Testes de integra\u00e7\u00e3o
    3. Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-unitarios","title":"Testes unit\u00e1rios","text":"

    Ideia: dada uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, verificar se ela devolve o valor esperado para um certo conjunto de par\u00e2metros.

    • Testa as fun\u00e7\u00f5es de maneira isolada
    • Cobertura: porcentagem das linhas de c\u00f3digo que \u00e9 executada durante os testes de unidade.
    • Serve como documenta\u00e7\u00e3o da fun\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-unitarios-pytest","title":"Testes unit\u00e1rios - pytest","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-de-integracao","title":"Testes de integra\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Ideia: dados um conjunto de classes com interdepend\u00eancias, verificar se elas funcionam bem em conjunto.

    • Testa intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre em objetos
    • Possibilidade de criar mocks, que s\u00e3o objetos falsos feitos para simular a intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre v\u00e1rios objetos.
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-de-interface-de-usuario","title":"Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio","text":"

    Ideia: simula a\u00e7\u00f5es do usu\u00e1rio (cliques, entrada de dados, etc) e confere se a sa\u00edda esperada \u00e9 mostrada na tela

    • Menos espec\u00edfico poss\u00edvel
    • Mais fiel ao uso real de um usu\u00e1rio
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-de-interface-de-usuario_1","title":"Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#selenium","title":"Selenium","text":"

    Permite fazer scripts que interagem com uma p\u00e1gina web, realizando entrada de dados, rolagem de tela e cliques. Cada assert pode ser feito com o conte\u00fado de um objeto da p\u00e1gina.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#o-que-eu-preciso-testar","title":"O qu\u00ea eu preciso testar?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#_1","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#o-que-eu-preciso-testar_1","title":"O qu\u00ea eu preciso testar?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#ninguem-sabe","title":"Ningu\u00e9m sabe....","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#atividade-pratica-testado-e-aprovado","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Testado e aprovado","text":"

    Objetivo: Primeira experi\u00eancia com testes automatizado de c\u00f3digo.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-servidor-desafios\", \"group\": [\"igual\", \"6\"]}

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/","title":"09 - Trabalho sobre cultura livre","text":"

    Esta aula n\u00e3o tem atividade pr\u00e1tica. As discuss\u00f5es s\u00e3o feitas durante a aula expositiva.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/","title":"Cultura de software livre","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#cultura-de-software-livre","title":"Cultura de software livre","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#atividade","title":"Atividade","text":"

    Cultura livre: fazer uma pesquisa profunda e apresentar semin\u00e1rio sobre licen\u00e7as de software e casos recentes em que licen\u00e7as tem papel de destaque

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#sua-apresentacao-precisa-ter-alguma-forma-de-interacao-com-a-audiencia","title":"Sua apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o precisa ter alguma forma de intera\u00e7\u00e3o com a audi\u00eancia","text":"
    • debate
    • painel com vota\u00e7\u00f5es
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#atividade-sugestoes-de-temas","title":"Atividade - sugest\u00f5es de temas","text":"

    • The new open-source economics (Yochai Benkler, 2005). O que mudou de 2005 para 2022?

    • There is no \"Linux\" platform.

    • Telemetria \u00e9 \"\u00e9tico\"? (exemplo VSCode e outros).

    • GitHub CoPilot \u00e9 \"\u00e9tico\"? Respeita licen\u00e7as de software?

    • Regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es recentes na Europa sobre durabilidade de smartphones (bateria, right to repair, etc).

    • Maintainer burnout.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#atividade-datas-de-apresentacao","title":"Atividade - datas de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    • 17/11 - 2 trabalho
    • 22/11 - 2 trabalhos
    • 24/11 - 2 trabalhos
    • 29/11 - 2 trabalhos
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#45-minutos-de-apresentacaoatividade-10-minutos-para-perguntas","title":"45 minutos de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o/atividade + 10 minutos para perguntas","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    • Defini\u00e7\u00e3o de temas e datas de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Pr\u00e9via de 5 minutos do seu tema na pr\u00f3xima aula
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#registrar-seu-grupo-escolha-de-tema-e-dia-de-apresentacao-na-issue-665","title":"Registrar seu grupo, escolha de tema e dia de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o na issue #665","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/","title":"09 - Licen\u00e7as de Software","text":"

    Esta aula n\u00e3o tem atividade pr\u00e1tica. As discuss\u00f5es s\u00e3o feitas durante a aula expositiva.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software","title":"Licen\u00e7as de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#ate-agora","title":"At\u00e9 agora","text":"
    • Ferramentas de colabora\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Modifica\u00e7\u00f5es de c\u00f3digo
    • Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de UI e documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Distribui\u00e7ao de software
    • Teste de software

    ### Conte\u00fado t\u00e9cnico: ferramentas, fluxos de trabalho, etc

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software_1","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software_2","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software","text":"
    • Governam a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de um software
    • Cess\u00e3o de direitos do autor para outras pessoas
    • Listam quais permiss\u00f5es um usu\u00e1rio (n\u00e3o) tem
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#disclaimer","title":"Disclaimer","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#eu-nao-sou-especialista-em-direito-autoral-brasileiro-toda-informacao-disponibilizada-foi-fruto-de-pesquisa-e-nao-constitui-aconselhamento-legal","title":"Eu n\u00e3o sou especialista em direito autoral brasileiro. Toda informa\u00e7\u00e3o disponibilizada foi fruto de pesquisa e n\u00e3o constitui aconselhamento legal.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#distribuicao-de-software","title":"Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    Escrever software \u00e9 considerado um trabalho intelectual, estando ent\u00e3o sujeito \u00e0s leis de direitos autorais.

    • Essas leis s\u00e3o espec\u00edficas de cada pa\u00eds
    • Autoria vs explora\u00e7\u00e3o econ\u00f4mica
    • Engloba tanto c\u00f3digo fonte como bin\u00e1rios
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#direito-autoral-brasileiro","title":"Direito autoral brasileiro","text":"

    N\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio registro. N\u00e3o vale para ideias.

    • Direito moral:
      • assegura a autoria da obra ao autor original
      • integridade da obra
      • instransfer\u00edvel e irrevog\u00e1vel
    • Direito patrimonial:
      • explora\u00e7\u00e3o econ\u00f4mica da obra.
      • licenciado ou cedido
      • copyright em ingl\u00eas
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    O dono dos direitos autorais (patrimoniais) pode controlar:

    1. Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o, parcial ou total;
    2. Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de obras derivadas
    3. Reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o (execu\u00e7\u00e3o)
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_1","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-funcionario-trabalhando-para-uma-empresa-produz-sotfware-durante-o-expediente","title":"Um funcion\u00e1rio trabalhando para uma empresa produz sotfware durante o expediente.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_2","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-funcionario-trabalhando-para-uma-empresa-produz-sotfware-fora-do-expediente-e-decide-lancar-um-produto-nao-relacionado","title":"Um funcion\u00e1rio trabalhando para uma empresa produz sotfware fora do expediente e decide lan\u00e7ar um produto n\u00e3o relacionado.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_3","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-funcionario-trabalhando-para-uma-empresa-produz-sotfware-fora-do-expediente-e-decide-lancar-um-produto-concorrente","title":"Um funcion\u00e1rio trabalhando para uma empresa produz sotfware fora do expediente e decide lan\u00e7ar um produto concorrente.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_4","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-programador-faz-um-freelance-e-entrega-um-projeto-para-uma-empresa-ele-pode-reutilzar-parte-do-codigo-em-outros-projetos-para-outras-empresas","title":"Um programador faz um freelance e entrega um projeto para uma empresa. Ele pode reutilzar parte do c\u00f3digo em outros projetos (para outras empresas)?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_5","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-prestador-de-servicos-contratado-como-empresa-via-cnpj-participa-de-um-projeto-terceirizado-junto-com-outros-pjs","title":"Um prestador de servi\u00e7os (contratado como empresa via CNPJ) participa de um projeto terceirizado, junto com outros PJs.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_6","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    Nenhum dos casos acima tem respostas fixas. Tudo depende de um monte de fatores jur\u00eddicos e do qu\u00ea cada um assinou. Alguns guias interessantes:

    • Association of Software Professionals
    • Start-se
    • Legal Nature - EULA
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#contexto-1-propriedade-intelectual-e-work-for-hire","title":"Contexto 1: Propriedade intelectual e work-for-hire","text":"
    • Contexto brasilero: \"Pela nossa lei de software, a n\u00e3o ser que expressamente dito o contr\u00e1rio, aquele que contrata o desenvolvimento \u00e9 titular original do software resultante\" [1]
    • Contexto americano: work-for-hire determina que software feito sob encomenda pertence a quem contratou o servi\u00e7o [2]

    Fontes 1 2

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#contexto-2-projetos-open-source","title":"Contexto 2: projetos open source","text":"

    Contributor License Agreement \u00e9 um documento de cess\u00e3o de copyright (direitos de explora\u00e7\u00e3o comercial).

    • D\u00e1 ao projeto uma licen\u00e7a n\u00e3o exclusiva (normalmente) e irrevog\u00e1vel para o projeto explorar sua contribui\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Mant\u00e9m autoria
    • Isenta o projeto de responsabilidades sobre suas contribui\u00e7\u00f5es
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#contexto-3-comercializacao-de-software","title":"Contexto 3: comercializa\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    End User License Agreement (EULA): Termo usado para aquelas condi\u00e7\u00f5es que (n\u00e3o lemos) aceitamos ao instalar software propriet\u00e1rio ou nos registramos em um site/servi\u00e7o.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#_1","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software","text":"

    Ignorado por aproximadamente 90% dos usu\u00e1rios (fonte)

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#end-user-license-agreement","title":"End User License Agreement","text":"

    E por algumas empresas... Fonte

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#end-user-license-agreement_1","title":"End User License Agreement","text":"

    Restri\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00edpicas encontradas em EULAs:

    • Software \u00e9 licenciado, n\u00e3o vendido;
    • \u00c9 proibido engenharia reversa
    • N\u00e3o pode modificar ou explorar limita\u00e7\u00f5es / vulnerabilidades
    • Isenta responsabilidades pelo (mau) uso do software
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#eula-servicos","title":"EULA (servi\u00e7os)","text":"

    Informa\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00edpicas encontradas em EULAs de servi\u00e7os:

    • Restri\u00e7\u00f5es de idade;
    • Uso dos dados coletados:
    • T\u00e9rmino unilateral do servi\u00e7o
    • Garantias de disponibilidade e responsabilidade

    Legal Nature - EULA

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#eula-aws","title":"EULA (AWS)","text":"

    fonte: https://aws.amazon.com/service-terms/

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_1","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"

    Richard Stallman fez um interpretador Lisp (MIT ~ 1985)

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_2","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"
    • Uma empresa chamada Symbolics licenciou o LISP do MIT para rodar em m\u00e1quinas como a acima
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_3","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"
    • Uma empresa chamada Symbolics licenciou o LISP do MIT para rodar em m\u00e1quinas como a acima
    • Fez modifica\u00e7\u00f5es no software
    • Deu um jeito de n\u00e3o devolv\u00ea-las para o MIT....
    • E eliminou a competi\u00e7\u00e3o...
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_4","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"
    • Stallman ficou #$@#$@#$@
    • e criou a primeira licen\u00e7a de software livre: Emacs General Public License
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#principal-caracteristica","title":"Principal caracter\u00edstica:","text":"
    1. Toda c\u00f3pia do programa dever\u00e1 estar acompanhada do c\u00f3digo fonte;
    2. Se uma modifica\u00e7\u00e3o do software for distribu\u00edda, ela dever\u00e1 estar sujeita aos mesmos termos do software original;
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia-1985","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria - 1985","text":"
    • GNU Manifesto: descrevia um esfor\u00e7o em criar um sistema completamente livre cujo destino estivesse nas m\u00e3os dos usu\u00e1rios
    • GNU/Hurd: todas as ferramentas de linha de comando das distribui\u00e7\u00f5es modernas vieram desse projeto
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia-1990","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria - 1990","text":"
    • Linus Torvalds tinha um kernel experimental \"pronto\".
    • Liberava uma vers\u00e3o nova toda semana;
    • Recebia contribui\u00e7\u00f5es de outros interessados.
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_5","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"

    Leitura complementar: Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_6","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"

    Leitura complementar: Just for Fun: The Story of an Accidental Revolutionary, Linus Torvalds and David Diamond

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software-livre","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software (livre)","text":"

    Criadas pela Free Software Foundation visando garantir 4 liberdades para um usu\u00e1rio ao usar um software:

    1. Execu\u00e7\u00e3o sem restri\u00e7\u00f5es
    2. Estudo e modifica\u00e7\u00e3o do software;
    3. Redistribuir c\u00f3pias;
    4. Redistribuir c\u00f3pias das suas modifica\u00e7\u00f5es.

    Distribuir os fontes \u00e9 pr\u00e9-requisito dos itens 1 e 3!

    Chamadas tamb\u00e9m de rec\u00edprocas.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software-livre_1","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software (livre)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software-livre-reciprocas","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software livre - rec\u00edprocas","text":"

    Copyleft: S\u00edmbolo \u00e9 o contr\u00e1rio do copyright, cujo objetivo seria restringir os usu\u00e1rios

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#open-source-iniciative","title":"Open Source Iniciative","text":"
    • Fundada para difundir um discurso menos anti-comercial e ideol\u00f3gico
    • Tamb\u00e9m difunde benef\u00edcios \"pragm\u00e1ticos\" do uso de software \"de c\u00f3digo aberto\"
    • Free causa confus\u00e3o em ingl\u00eas
      • Gr\u00e1tis (free as in beer)
      • Livre (free as in freedom)
    • Fundada por Eric Raymond e Bruce Perens
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software-de-codigo-aberto","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software de c\u00f3digo aberto","text":"

    Mais associadas a Open Source Iniciative, s\u00e3o consideradas menos \"ideol\u00f3gicas\".

    • Muitas vezes chamadas de permissivas;
    • Normalmente n\u00e3o garatem a liberdade 3;
    • Podem fazer outras pequenas exig\u00eancias ou restri\u00e7\u00f5es

    Exemplos: MIT, BSD

    • Permitem a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de software com partes propriet\u00e1rias
    • Permitem a venda e completo rebranding do software sem nenhuma contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o autor original.
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-qual-usar","title":"Licen\u00e7as: qual usar?","text":"

    https://choosealicense.com/licenses/

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#desafio-de-traducao","title":"Desafio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#skill-traducao-aceita-5xp-ao-menos-40-string-traduzidas","title":"Skill \"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o aceita!\" (5XP): Ao menos 40 string traduzidas","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software_3","title":"Licen\u00e7as de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/","title":"10 - Minha primeira contribui\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Esta aula n\u00e3o tem atividade pr\u00e1tica guidada. Faremos aula est\u00fadio com atendimento para encontrar projetos e issues interessantes.

    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/","title":"Explorando seu projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#_1","title":"Explorando seu projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#contribuicao-de-codigo","title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#minha-primeira-contribuicao-de-codigo","title":"Minha primeira contribui\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo","text":"

    Bons projetos usam tags para facilitar a recep\u00e7\u00e3o de novatos

    • good-first-issue
    • newcomers
    • low effort
    • difficulty novice
    • easy
    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#agregadores-de-projetos","title":"Agregadores de projetos","text":"
    • https://github.com/MunGell/awesome-for-beginners
    • https://www.codetriage.com/
    • https://up-for-grabs.net/
    • http://github-help-wanted.com/
    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#sugestao-i-pandas","title":"Sugest\u00e3o I - Pandas","text":"

    Biblioteca de tratamento de dados usada em Ci\u00eancia dos Dados.

    • Projeto complexo, com muitos casos de uso especiais
    • Toneladas de funcionalidades de visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o textual e gr\u00e1fica de dados
    • Python \u00e9 familiar para a maioria

    Tickets de testes s\u00e3o, em geral, f\u00e1ceis para come\u00e7ar e \u00fateis para a comunidade.

    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#sugestao-ii-escolha-seu-proprio-projeto","title":"Sugest\u00e3o II: Escolha seu pr\u00f3prio projeto :)","text":"
    • https://github.com/MunGell/awesome-for-beginners
    • https://www.codetriage.com/
    • https://up-for-grabs.net/
    • http://github-help-wanted.com/
    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    1. escolher issue e projeto
    2. montar ambiente
      • baixar c\u00f3digo
      • compilar
      • rodar sua vers\u00e3o
    3. reproduzir a issue
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/","title":"11 - Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es externas","text":"

    Esta aula n\u00e3o tem atividade pr\u00e1tica guidada, mas tem uma parte expositiva importante. N\u00e3o esque\u00e7a de olhar os slides de hoje para relembrar.

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#_1","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#dicas-de-debug","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#minha-primeira-contribuicao-de-codigo","title":"Minha primeira contribui\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#dicas-para-debugar-qualquer-coisa","title":"Dicas para debugar (qualquer coisa)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#9-regras-de-debug","title":"9 regras de debug","text":"
    1. UNDERSTAND THE SYSTEM
    2. MAKE IT FAIL
    3. QUIT THINKING AND LOOK
    4. DIVIDE AND CONQUER
    5. CHANGE ONE THING AT A TIME
    6. KEEP AN AUDIT TRAIL
    7. CHECK THE PLUG
    8. GET A FRESH VIEW
    9. IF YOU DIDN'T FIX IT, IT AIN'T FIXED
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#1-understand-the-system","title":"1. Understand the system","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#nada-acontece-se-nao-conseguirmos","title":"Nada acontece se n\u00e3o conseguirmos","text":"
    1. Baixar a vers\u00e3o de desenvolvimento
    2. Instalar todas as depend\u00eancias
    3. Compilar nossa pr\u00f3pria vers\u00e3o
    4. Rodar testes na vers\u00e3o do master
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#1-understand-the-system_1","title":"1. Understand the system","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#ferramentas-importantes","title":"Ferramentas importantes:","text":"
    1. Virtual environments: venv, virtualenv, pipenv, conda
    2. setuptools - development mode
    3. Debugging
      • pdb
      • fun\u00e7\u00e3o breakpoint() (tutorial)
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#1-understand-the-system_2","title":"1. Understand the system","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#conheca-suas-ferramentas","title":"Conhe\u00e7a suas ferramentas","text":"
    • Debugging visual linha a linha
    • Stacktrace
    • Busca em projeto inteiro
    • Ir para defini\u00e7\u00e3o de fun\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#debugar-usando-print-e-perda-de-tempo","title":"Debugar usando print \u00e9 perda de tempo","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#2-make-it-fail","title":"2. Make it fail","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#reproduza-seu-bug","title":"Reproduza seu bug","text":"
    • Crie um exemplo m\u00ednimo que reproduza o bug desejado ou que usaria a feature que quer implementar
      • entrada de exemplo e sa\u00edda esperada vs sa\u00edda obtida
    • Possivelmente isto j\u00e1 foi descrito na issue escolhida.
    • Anote elementos que te ajudem a encontrar onde isto ocorre no c\u00f3digo (fun\u00e7\u00f5es usadas, elementos de interface gr\u00e1fica, mensagens de erro.)
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#3-quit-thinking-and-look","title":"3. Quit thinking and look","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#encontre-onde-esta-o-problema-e-leia-o-codigo-com-atencao","title":"Encontre onde est\u00e1 o problema e leia o c\u00f3digo com aten\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    1. Encontre no c\u00f3digo onde o bug pode estar
    2. Comece geral (em qual arquivo est\u00e1 a funcionalidade?) e v\u00e1 restringindo (em qual fun\u00e7\u00e3o o bug \"explode\"?)
    3. Ferramentas de debug s\u00e3o essenciais. Veja o item 1.
      • N\u00e3o atenderei ningu\u00e9m que esteja debugando s\u00f3 com print
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#3-quit-thinking-and-look_1","title":"3. Quit thinking and look","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#buscando-por-nomes-de-arquivos","title":"Buscando por nomes de arquivos","text":"

    Comando find (man page)

    Exemplo: procurar por arquivos cujo nome \u00e9 aceito por uma certa express\u00e3o regular come\u00e7ando no diret\u00f3rio atual.

    $ find -iname \"regexp\" .

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#3-quit-thinking-and-look_2","title":"3. Quit thinking and look","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#buscando-no-conteudo-dos-arquivos","title":"Buscando no conte\u00fado dos arquivos","text":"

    Comando grep (man page)

    $ grep [OPTIONS] PATTERN FILES

    • PATTERN: express\u00e3o regular
    • FILES: lista de diret\u00f3rios ou arquivos
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#3-quit-thinking-and-look-grep","title":"3. Quit thinking and look - grep","text":"

    Exemplo 1: buscar todos arquivos nas pasta atual (.) e subpastas com o texto \"dialog\" ignorando mai\u00fasculas/min\u00fasculas.

    $ grep -r -i dialog .

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#_2","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":"

    Exemplo 2: Listas todos os arquivos .cpp que fazem algum include

    $ grep -r --include \"*cpp\" \"#include\" .

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#sua-ideeditor-devem-ter-algo-parecido-procure-e-use","title":"Sua IDE/editor devem ter algo parecido. Procure e use.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#4-divide-and-conquer","title":"4. Divide and Conquer","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#crie-um-plano-de-acao","title":"Crie um plano de a\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    1. Por que o bug ocorre?
      • Est\u00e1 relacionado a qual fun\u00e7\u00e3o?
      • Qual vari\u00e1vel tem o valor errado?
    2. O que deve ser mudado para que pare de ocorrer?

    Pr\u00e9-requisito: debugar visualmente usando alguma IDE / editor

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#5-change-one-thing-at-a-time","title":"5. Change one thing at a time","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#um-bom-pr-muda-o-minimo-possivel","title":"Um bom PR muda o m\u00ednimo poss\u00edvel","text":"
    • use v\u00e1rias branches se quiser testar ideias diferentes
    • git commit \u00e9 gr\u00e1tis. Quando chegar na vers\u00e3o final \u00e9 s\u00f3 juntar tudo e mandar.
    • git rebase para atualizar seu branch com o master upstream caso necess\u00e1rio.
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#6-keep-an-audit-trail","title":"6. Keep an audit trail","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#registre-suas-descobertas","title":"Registre suas descobertas","text":"
    • Log de como voc\u00ea encontrou onde mexer
    • Log de todos arquivos de interesse e seus usos
    • Log de todas as pesquisas feitas
    • Log de todas as modifica\u00e7\u00f5es feitas
    • git commit \u00e9 \u00fatil para registrar testes tamb\u00e9m

    N\u00e3o se esque\u00e7a:git diff \u00e9 seu melhor amigo

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#7-check-the-plug","title":"7. Check the plug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#nunca-se-esqueca-de-testar-a-solucoes-mais-simples-primeiro","title":"Nunca se esque\u00e7a de testar a solu\u00e7\u00f5es mais simples primeiro","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#8-get-a-fresh-view","title":"8. Get a fresh view","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#empacou","title":"Empacou?","text":"

    \u00c9 por isso que voc\u00eas trabalham em grupo no primeiro bug.

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#empacou-mesmo","title":"Empacou mesmo?","text":"

    Para isto serve seu grupo.

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#empacou-mesmo_1","title":"Empacou mesmo!?!?!?!?","text":"

    Me chame!

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#9-if-you-didnt-fix-it-it-aint-fixed","title":"9. If you didn't fix it, it ain't fixed","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#hora-de-programar","title":"Hora de programar","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#tentem-aplicar-estas-ideias-aos-seus-problemas","title":"Tentem aplicar estas ideias aos seus problemas","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#envie-4-prs-para-projetos-participantes-e-ganhe-uma-camiseta","title":"Envie 4 PRs para projetos participantes e ganhe uma camiseta","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#atividade-extra-hacktoberfest","title":"Atividade extra: hacktoberfest","text":"

    Objetivo: Enviar 3 PRs para projetos externos no m\u00eas de outubro.

    \"metadata\": {\"date\": \"2021-10-31\"}

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#_3","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#dicas-de-debug_1","title":"Dicas de debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/","title":"Projeto da disciplina","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-da-disciplina","title":"Projeto da disciplina","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#ate-agora","title":"At\u00e9 agora","text":"
    • Ferramentas de colabora\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Modifica\u00e7\u00f5es de c\u00f3digo
    • Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de UI e documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Aspectos n\u00e3o t\u00e9cnicos relacionados
      • licen\u00e7as
      • comunidades
    • Colabora\u00e7\u00e3o em um projeto do Insper
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#ate-agora_1","title":"At\u00e9 agora","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#formacao-basica","title":"Forma\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica","text":"
    • Analisar uma base de c\u00f3digos desconhecida de m\u00e9dio/grande porte e modific\u00e1-la de modo a fazer melhorias e corrigir falhas em um software;
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#_1","title":"Projeto da disciplina","text":"
    • Interagir com uma equipe remota de desenvolvedores para entregar c\u00f3digo que atenda aos padr\u00f5es de qualidade e estilo de c\u00f3digo de um projeto;
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto","title":"Projeto Aberto","text":"

    Objetivos:

    1. proporcionar uma experi\u00eancia de trabalho em um projeto real de escolha dos alunos
    2. valorizar diversos tipos de contribui\u00e7\u00f5es, n\u00e3o somente de c\u00f3digo
    3. exercitar autonomia e independ\u00eancia
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto_1","title":"Projeto Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#organizado-em-dois-blocos-de-5-aulas","title":"Organizado em dois blocos de 5 aulas","text":"
    • 11/05 - 25/05
    • 27/05 - 10/06
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-pitches-de-projeto","title":"Projeto Aberto - Pitches de projeto","text":"

    Cada bloco se inicia com uma aula de Pitches de Projeto, que \u00e9 uma apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o de 5 minutos apresentando o projeto para o qual voc\u00ea contribuir\u00e1 na semana.

    • Trocar ideias sobre projetos interessantes
    • Ajudar alunos indecisos a escolherem um projeto
    • Se comprometer com uma escolha de projeto
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-pitch-de-projeto","title":"Projeto Aberto: Pitch de projeto","text":"

    Objetivo: Apresentou um Pitch de projeto. Se o aluno s\u00f3 apresentar o projeto e n\u00e3o fizer contribui\u00e7\u00e3o vale 0 XP.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"url_do_projeto_proposto\", \"filename\": \"pdf da apresentacaoo\"}

    Colocar pdf da apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o na pasta docs/pitches.

    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-pitch-aceito","title":"Projeto Aberto: Pitch aceito!","text":"

    Objetivo: Enviou contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para um projeto apresentado em sala.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"url_do_projeto_proposto\"}

    A ser enviado al\u00e9m da skill da contribui\u00e7\u00e3o.

    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-sugestao-aceita","title":"Projeto Aberto: Sugest\u00e3o aceita!","text":"

    Objetivo: Outro aluno enviou contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o projeto que voc\u00ea fez Pitch.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"url_da_contribuicao\"}

    A ser enviado pelo aluno que prop\u00f4s o Pitch, que tamb\u00e9m precisa ter contribu\u00eddo.

    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-pitches-de-projeto_1","title":"Projeto Aberto - Pitches de projeto","text":"
    1. Apresentar um pitch \u00e9 uma skill que vale XP
    2. Ajudar colegas interessados no \"seu\" projeto vale XP
    3. Aceitar sugest\u00f5es/ajudas vale XP
    4. Tudo isso \u00e9 al\u00e9m da XP j\u00e1 obtida com as contribui\u00e7\u00f5es
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#evitar-alunos-trabalhando-sozinhos","title":"Evitar alunos trabalhando sozinhos.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#estrategias-para-escolha-um-projeto","title":"Estrat\u00e9gias para escolha um projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#aprendizado-de-tecnologias-novas","title":"Aprendizado de tecnologias novas","text":"
    • Linguagem de programa\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Biblioteca
    • Tipo de tecnologia: web, mobile, desktop
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#estrategias-para-escolha-um-projeto_1","title":"Estrat\u00e9gias para escolha um projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#aperfeicoamento-em-tecnologias-que-ja-domina","title":"Aperfei\u00e7oamento em tecnologias que j\u00e1 domina","text":"
    • Linguagem de programa\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edfica
    • Tipo de tecnologia: web, mobile, desktop
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#estrategias-para-escolha-um-projeto_2","title":"Estrat\u00e9gias para escolha um projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projetos-de-interesse-pessoal","title":"Projetos de interesse pessoal","text":"
    • Algum software que voc\u00ea usa
    • Melhorar alternativa livre para software propriet\u00e1rio
    • Moonshot: projetos ambiciosos com chance m\u00ednima de sucesso
    • Site AlternativeTo
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    • Finalizar Projeto DIY
    • Escolher projetos para o primeiro bloco
    • Iniciar trabalhos da segunda parte da disciplina
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-da-disciplina_1","title":"Projeto da disciplina","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/","title":"01 - Distributed Development Workflow","text":"

    In this guide, we will work on the standard workflow for contributing to projects hosted on GitHub (which also applies to Git projects in general). Before starting, each student should locate the corresponding issue on the course's GitHub repository for creating their user.

    Our workflow will be based on three main parts. In the first part, we will create a copy of the repository \"insper/dev-aberto\" where we will make all the necessary changes. In the second part, we will send our modifications to the original repository using a Pull Request, which is a request to accept the changes from a forked repository into the original repository. Finally, we will update our fork with modifications sent by colleagues.

    Some key points to highlight in the above workflow:

    1. Even if a user does not have access to the original repository, they can work on their own copy and only submit their modifications to the original repository when everything is ready.
    2. It is necessary for a developer from the original project to \"take responsibility\" for the accepted external modifications.
    3. The Pull requests tab allows developers to discuss proposed modifications and improve them. Every commit made after the creation of the PR is included and can be tested by anyone.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#creating-your-own-copy","title":"Creating your own copy","text":"

    We will start our workflow by creating a fork of the repository \"insper/dev-aberto\". All our modifications will be made in our fork, on a separate branch (it is recommended to use a different branch for each issue). This way, our modifications are completely isolated from the original code, and we can test them alongside the original code.

    First, create the fork through the GitHub interface. Then, clone your fork and create a new branch called \"issue-X,\" where \"X\" is the number of your issue in the original project.

    $ git checkout -b issue-X

    To ensure that you are in the directory of your fork, execute the following command:

    $ git remote -vv

    The displayed addresses should be those of your fork, not the original project.

    With the fork created and being on the \"issue-X\" branch (you can check using git branch and switch using git checkout issue-X), we will begin making modifications.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#interacting-with-the-course-repository","title":"Interacting with the course repository","text":"

    The creation of users and addition of skills is done using the command dev-aberto.py.

    Tip

    To use it, you need to install the packages listed in the requirements.txt file.

    Running it in the terminal should list the available commands.

    $ python3 dev-aberto.py

    To check if everything is working correctly, list all registered users. There should be only one registered user (igorsm1).

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#creating-a-user","title":"Creating a user","text":"

    User creation is done with the command:

    $ python3 dev-aberto.py new-user

    This will create three files in the students folder:

    • your-login: basic user information in JSON format.
    • your-login-achievements: encrypted file containing the deliveries of each student in JSON format.
    • your-login.key: cryptographic key for the above file.

    Verify that your user was created correctly by listing the existing users again. Your user should have an asterisk (*) next to the name, indicating that the login.key file is present in the system.

    Danger

    Do not include the *.key file in your PR. It should be sent by email to the professor. Do this now before you forget!

    Also, verify that you can use the command dev-aberto.py compute-grade your-login. If everything is okay, proceed to the next item.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#adding-a-skill","title":"Adding a skill","text":"

    With the user created, we can add the skill \"First Steps.\" You may have noticed that the professor's key is available (file students/igorsm1.key). This was done so that you have at least one example of how each skill should be added. See below for an example of how the skill should be included:

    $ python3 dev-aberto.py edit-achievements igorsm1

    This will open a file for editing in Vi. The format is a list of objects containing two fields: \"skill_id\" and \"metadata\". See the example below for the first skill

    [\n{\"skill_id\": 1, \"metadata\": {\"date\": \"YYYY-MM-DD\"} }\n]\n

    Tip

    If you want to use another text editor, you can set the environment variable EDITOR just before calling dev-aberto.py.

    Now add the skill to your user following the same pattern seen above. Verify that your skill was correctly added using the compute-grade command.

    Tip

    If your repository is OK, help your classmates.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#sending-modifications-to-the-original-project","title":"Sending modifications to the original project","text":"

    Now let's create a commit and send it as a Pull Request to the course's repository. Add the created files (excluding the *.key file!) and make a commit with the following message (replace the X with the number of your issue in the repository):

    Add user your-login.\n

    Execute git push and continue.

    With your modifications already in your fork, it's time to send them to the original repository. This is done on the GitHub interface. First, access your fork in the browser, locate your issue-X branch, and click the \"Pull request\" button.

    The title of your Pull Request should be Create user login. Your PR should contain only one commit and should have the branch issue-X created above as the source. In the description of your PR, add the text:

    Closes #X\n

    where X is the number of your user's issue. This automatically closes the issue when (and if) this PR is accepted.

    Warning

    PRs made from main or with more than one commit will not be accepted.

    Use the checklist below to help verify if your work is correct:

    • Created a new user with new-user.
    • Added the \"First Steps\" skill.
    • Checked that the new user has the new skill using compute-grade.
    • Created a PR with only one commit and the correct files.
    • Sent the .key file by email to the professor.
    • Did not include the .key file in the PR.

    Once your PR is accepted, you can remove the issue-X branch.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#updating-your-fork","title":"Updating your fork","text":"

    After having your PR accepted, you may have noticed that your commit appears in the original project's main branch but does not appear in your fork. This is because a fork is not automatically updated when its corresponding original repository receives new commits.

    To make this happen, you need to perform a manual synchronization. For now, we will use the GitHub interface to do this.

    Visit your fork again. Now, there should be an option to sync your fork with the original repository. Use it to make your main branch receive the new commits.

    Warning

    Sync your repository whenever you work on a new PR. This will prevent many conflicts when merging your modifications into the original repository.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#open-source-development","title":"Open Source Development","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_1","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-overview-distributed-coding-workflow","title":"Course overview + Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2: Igor Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br) )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#burocracy","title":"Burocracy","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#meetings","title":"Meetings","text":"
    • MON 07:30 - 09:30
    • WED 07:30 - 09:30
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#office-hours","title":"Office Hours","text":"
    • On demand
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#assessment","title":"Assessment","text":"
    • Project based course with both individual and group work
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#learning-objectives","title":"Learning Objectives","text":"

    By the end of the course, the student will be able to:

    • Analyze an unfamiliar medium/large codebase and modify it to make improvements and fix software issues.
    • Interact with a remote team of developers to deliver code that meets the quality and code style standards of a project.
    • Understand the differences in open-source software licenses and how they impact the distribution and reuse of a codebase.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#objectives-summary-version","title":"Objectives (summary version)","text":"

    By the end of the course, the student will be able to:

    • Download, understand, and modify the code of a project.
    • Successfully have their modifications accepted by the original project.
    • Understand aspects related to the distribution of software.
      • Licenses
      • Bug Tracker, Version Control, Governance, etc.
      • Documentation / Internationalization
      • User communities
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-syllabus","title":"Course Syllabus","text":"
    1. Software development and commercialization models.
    2. Software licenses and their impact on reuse and distribution.
    3. Tools for collaborative software development (open source or proprietary).
    4. Software and code documentation.
    5. Software translation and internationalization.
    6. Source code compilation and distribution systems.
    7. Human and community aspects in software development.
    8. Case studies of successful projects.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#textbook","title":"Textbook","text":"

    Available online at https://producingoss.com

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-materials","title":"Course Materials","text":"

    GitHub: https://github.com/insper/open-dev

    Website: https://insper.github.io/open-dev/

    Blackboard will be used for announcements only. All content will be available on GitHub.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#justification-for-the-course","title":"Justification for the Course","text":"

    In previous courses, we worked on:

    • Creating a new project.
    • Projects that typically end after the course.
    • Projects that are never used by anyone.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_2","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":"

    In the industry, we usually work on existing projects:

    • Fixing issues.
    • Making improvements.
    • Projects used by multiple users.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#why-did-i-create-the-course","title":"Why did I create the course?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#my-motivation-igor","title":"My motivation (Igor)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#my-motivation-igor_1","title":"My motivation (Igor)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#my-motivation-igor_2","title":"My motivation (Igor)","text":"
    • I've worked alone for 5 years
    • I've spent countless hours writting
      • a scientific paper about it
      • documentation for users and developers
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_3","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_4","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":"
    • I learned a lot by doing this
    • I might have solved a problem no one has!
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#my-motivation-igor_3","title":"My motivation (Igor)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#its-not-enough-anymore-to-create-software-for-learning-purposes","title":"It's not enough (anymore) to create software for learning purposes","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#i-would-like-to-have-some-impact","title":"I would like to have (some) impact","text":"
    • To create/contribute to software other people use
    • To write texts/tutorials that are read by someone
    • To be a part of a community that would miss me if I stop participating
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#why-are-you-here","title":"Why are you here?","text":"

    https://forms.gle/uDvnDoyxBsVoHy6S8

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#achievements-in-this-course-so-far","title":"Achievements in this Course So Far","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#vitoria-20182","title":"Vit\u00f3ria - 2018/2","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#spyder","title":"Spyder","text":"
    • Accepted: [1]
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#pandas","title":"Pandas","text":"
    • Accepted: [1]
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#paulo-20182","title":"Paulo - 2018/2","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#cataclysm-dda","title":"Cataclysm: DDA","text":"
    • Accepted: [1]
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#class-20192","title":"Class - 2019/2","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#15-students","title":"15 students","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#19-different-projects-14-accepted-prs","title":"19 different projects, 14 accepted PRs","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#pandas-6-accepted-contributions","title":"Pandas - 6 accepted contributions","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#class-20201","title":"Class 2020/1","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#16-students","title":"16 students","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#15-different-projects-17-accepted-prs","title":"15 different projects, 17 accepted PRs","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#pandas-matplotlib-bokeh-pygame","title":"Pandas, Matplotlib, Bokeh, Pygame","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction","title":"Course Introduction","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction_1","title":"Course Introduction","text":"

    Proposal: The course will be gamified.

    • Each student will create an avatar in the course.
    • Activities for submission earn XP.
    • Each activity is represented by a skill with a funny name.
    • All work submissions are done via Pull Request on the course's repository.
    • Significant freedom of choice
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction-skills","title":"Course Introduction (Skills)","text":"
    • Tutorial: Guided preparatory activities in the classroom
    • Code: Code contributions to external projects
    • Community: Non-technical contributions that can benefit users and developers of a project, such as documentation and translations
    • Impact: Significant results achieved by the student's participation in open projects
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#full-list-of-skills","title":"Full list of skills","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction-syllabus","title":"Course Introduction (syllabus)","text":"
    • August/September: Tutorial
      • 30-60 minutes of lecture/discussions
      • Activities focused on specific topics
    • October/November: Project
      • Autonomy to define which tasks will be done
      • Semi-free choice of projects
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction-assessment","title":"Course Introduction (assessment)","text":"
    • All submissions are individual.
    • Each learning objective is measured by several skills.
      • Some skills are mandatory.
      • Repeating a skill can earn more or fewer points than the first time.
    • Grades are based on the amount of XP obtained.
      • Freedom to decide where to invest time/effort.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction-assessment_1","title":"Course Introduction (assessment)","text":"
    • Final grade is a combination of XP and acquired skills.
    • Bi-weekly reports sent by email.
    • Complete conditions on the rules and skills page.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#discussion-development-workflow","title":"Discussion: Development Workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#how-does-git-work","title":"How does Git work?","text":"

    Source: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    Source: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#activity-first-steps","title":"Activity: First Steps","text":"

    Objective: Submit your first Pull Request to the course's repository.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#open-source-development_1","title":"Open Source Development","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_5","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-overview-distributed-coding-workflow_1","title":"Course overview + Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2: Igor Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br) )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/","title":"02 - Software and Communities","text":"

    less02in

    The activity for this class involves creating a presentation explaining how the communities around the following software projects are organized:

    1. Visual Studio Code
    2. NeoVIM
    3. Django
    4. Blender
    5. Kdenlive
    6. NewPipe

    Each group of 3 students should choose one of the above projects and research the following points.

    1. What is the purpose of the project?
    2. Where is the source code located? Which technologies are used?
    3. What is the license? Are there public guidelines or any kind of bureaucracy for contributions?
    4. Is there developer documentation?
      • Does it seem easy to compile/run?
      • Does it seem easy to modify?
    5. How is the project governed?
      • Who are the key figures (developers, evangelists, etc.) in the project? If the project is large, mention two different areas in this item.
      • Is there a public roadmap?
      • Are external contributions accepted? How can one contribute?
      • Who makes the decisions?
    6. Where can project members be found? Where can one seek help?
    7. Does the project raise funds?
      • Are there companies sponsoring developers?
      • How much has been raised? And spent? For what purposes?
      • Who decides how the funds are spent?

    Each group must create a 10 minutes presentation for the next meeting that addresses these questions.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#open-source-development","title":"Open Source Development","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_1","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#software-and-communities","title":"Software and Communities","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114","title":"2023/2: Igor Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br) )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#github-model-fork-pull-request","title":"Github Model: fork + pull request","text":"

    Source: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#github-model-fork-pull-request_1","title":"Github Model: fork + pull request","text":"

    Source: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#workflow-other-models","title":"Workflow: other models","text":"
    1. Send patch via email list (e.g., Linux)
    2. Code review tools (e.g., KDE - Phabricator)
    3. Patch is attached to the Bug Tracker (e.g., Haiku, KDE)
    4. Does not receive external contributions
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#review-of-last-classs-prs","title":"Review of last class's PRs","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#common-errors","title":"Common Errors","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-0-login-achievements-file-has-errors","title":"Error 0: login-achievements file has errors","text":"

    How to fix: Create a new commit with the correct date.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-1-extra-files-in-the-pr","title":"Error 1: Extra files in the PR","text":"

    Error: Modifying files not related to your proposed changes.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_2","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Ideal:

    1. A Pull Request should contain only the files related to the proposed modification.
    2. Each proposed modification is in a separate Pull Request.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-1-extra-files-in-the-pr_1","title":"Error 1: Extra files in the PR","text":"

    How to fix: git revert creates a commit that undoes previous changes.

    Extra options:

    • --no-commit: Only adds the modifications, but does not make the commit. Allows undoing part of a commit.

    Source: https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-2-non-descriptive-commit-messages","title":"Error 2: Non-descriptive commit messages","text":"

    How to fix: git commit --amend allows modifying the last commit made.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-3-pull-request-with-a-poor-description","title":"Error 3: Pull Request with a poor description","text":"

    How to fix: Simply edit it in the Github interface.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#fix-at-home-and-request-review-via-github","title":"Fix at home and request review via Github","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#reminder-if-you-dont-push-nothing-is-broken","title":"Reminder: If you don't push, nothing is broken","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#reminder-ii-git-log-shows-your-current-history","title":"Reminder II: git log shows your current history","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#tip-if-you-modified-already-published-commits-use-git-push-f-to-overwrite","title":"Tip: If you modified already published commits, use git push -f to overwrite","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#not-all-students-enrolled-in-the-course-did-the-activity-from-the-last-class","title":"Not all students enrolled in the course did the activity from the last class!","text":"
    python dev-aberto.py list-users\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#software-communities","title":"Software Communities","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#discussion","title":"Discussion","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_3","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Question 1: What are the software you use the most in your daily life?

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_4","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_5","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_6","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Question 2: Who is the main developer of the project?

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-linux-kernel","title":"Example: Linux Kernel","text":"

    Foundation supports the development of the Linux Kernel and the creation of an open-source software ecosystem around it.

    Support:

    • Financial
    • Intellectual property
    • Infrastructure
    • Services and training
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-linux-kernel_1","title":"Example: Linux Kernel","text":"

    Companies that sponsor development:

    1. Individual (11.95%)
    2. Intel (10.01%)
    3. Red Hat (8.90%)
    4. Unknown (4.09%)
    5. IBM (3.79%)
    6. SUSE (3.49%)
    7. Linaro (2.96%)
    8. Consultants (2.96%)
    9. Google (2.79%)
    10. Samsung (2.28%)

    Source: \"2020 Linux Kernel Development Report\"

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-ubuntu","title":"Example: Ubuntu","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_7","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_8","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_9","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_10","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Private company controls the development of Ubuntu. Obtains resources via:

    • Donations
    • Development and consulting services
    • Training
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-gitlab","title":"Example: Gitlab","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_11","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_12","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_13","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_14","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Company funded so far by VC (Venture Capital) in search of profit.

    • Option of free plans with open-source software
    • Option of corporate plans with more features and support
    • On-premises installations
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-elementary","title":"Example: Elementary","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_15","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_16","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Linux distribution led by a \"tiny\" company focused on the user experience. Resources are obtained through:

    • Individual and corporate sponsorships
    • Pay-what-you-want model (app store and operating system)
    • Hardware with the pre-installed system

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-linux-mint","title":"Example: Linux Mint","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_17","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Linux distribution aimed at everything working right after installation. Considered good for beginners.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#other-sources","title":"Other sources","text":"

    Various other ways of getting support and funding

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#reasons-for-funding-company","title":"Reasons for funding (company)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_18","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"
    • \"Acquire\" experts in a technology
    • Sell support or consulting services
    • Marketing
    • Software license \"obliges\"
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_19","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_20","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Not everything funded ends up in a \"usable\" format for others (e.g., Android/Linux, TiVO)

    \"Tivoization is the practice of designing hardware that incorporates software under the terms of a copyleft software license like the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL), but uses hardware restrictions or digital rights management (DRM) to prevent users from running modified versions of the software on that hardware\" [Wikipedia]

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#reasons-for-contributing-individual","title":"Reasons for contributing (individual)","text":"
    • Professional
      • Reputation / CV
      • Business needs
    • Personal
      • Altruism / Ideology
      • Sense of personal fulfillment
      • Exercise creativity
      • Solve a problem of personal interest
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#activity-exploring-the-environment-of-a-project","title":"Activity: Exploring the environment of a project","text":"
    • Research how the communities of some projects are organized
    • Produce a presentation summarizing your findings
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#open-source-development_1","title":"Open Source Development","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_21","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#software-and-communities_1","title":"Software and Communities","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/","title":"03 - Explorando um projeto desconhecido","text":"

    Este roteiro tem algumas perguntas com o objetivo de guiar a explora\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo e documentar suas descobertas. Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode aplic\u00e1-lo para qualquer outro projeto mal documentado em que precisar trabalhar no futuro.

    Baixe o c\u00f3digo do projeto a ser analisado aqui e siga as perguntas. Elas s\u00e3o um guia de como explorar um projeto que voc\u00eas n\u00e3o conhecem.

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/#dependencias-e-servicos-usados","title":"Depend\u00eancias e servi\u00e7os usados","text":"

    Question

    Quais tecnologias s\u00e3o usadas no c\u00f3digo? Al\u00e9m da linguagem de programa\u00e7\u00e3o, liste tamb\u00e9m as bibliotecas/m\u00f3dulos externos usados.

    Question

    A aplica\u00e7\u00e3o utiliza um banco de dados. Qual gerenciador? Onde a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o busca a base de dados? Quais s\u00e3o as tabelas usadas? Como elas s\u00e3o criadas?

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/#deploy-inicial","title":"Deploy inicial","text":"

    Question

    A aplica\u00e7\u00e3o usa autentica\u00e7\u00e3o? Se sim, qual tipo? Como usu\u00e1rios s\u00e3o criados? Existe algum usu\u00e1rio administrador? Como \u00e9 feita a seguran\u00e7a das senhas? Qual a senha padr\u00e3o?

    Question

    Quais comandos voc\u00ea usou para rodar a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o? Escreva todos desde a cria\u00e7\u00e3o do banco de dados e dos usu\u00e1rios at\u00e9 o funcionamento completo do projeto.

    Question

    Agora que voc\u00ea consegue rodar a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o, explore-a um pouco e descreva em poucas frases para qu\u00ea ela serve.

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/#documentacao-do-projeto","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto","text":"

    Question

    Se voc\u00ea fosse criar um guia de usu\u00e1rio (aluno) para esta aplica\u00e7\u00e3o, quais tarefas descreveria?

    Question

    Se voc\u00ea fosse criar um guia de usu\u00e1rio (professor) para esta aplica\u00e7\u00e3o, quais tarefas descreveria?

    Question

    O qu\u00ea voc\u00ea descreveria em um guia de desenvolvedor para esta aplica\u00e7\u00e3o?

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#fluxo-de-trabalho-distribuido-e-comunidades-de-software","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2 - Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#ordem-das-apresentacoes","title":"Ordem das apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es","text":"
    1. VSCode
    2. Blender
    3. KDENlive
    4. NeoVim
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#10-minutos-cada-uma","title":"10 minutos cada uma","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#atividade-explorando-o-entorno-de-um-projeto","title":"Atividade: Explorando o entorno de um projeto","text":"
    \"metadata\": {\n    \"filename\": \"nome do arquivo\",\n    \"group\": [\"login1\", \"login2\"]\n}\n

    • No group incluir os outros membros do grupo somente

    • Um membro da equipe deve fazer um PR para o projeto incluindo o arquivo da apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o. O mesmo deve ser colocado na pasta apresentacoes/2023

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2 - Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_2","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#a-ausencia-de-documentacao-de-software","title":"(A aus\u00eancia de d)ocumenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_2","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2 - Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio:

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_2","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_3","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_4","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":"

    Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvimento:

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_5","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_6","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_7","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_2","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio:

    • Instala\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Funcionalidades
    • Onde obter ajuda
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_3","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvimento:

    • Como compilar (depend\u00eancias, ferramentas usadas, etc)
    • Como testar (depend\u00eancias, ferramentas usadas, etc)
    • Estilo de c\u00f3digo e outras orienta\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas
    • Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo e arquitetura da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_4","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    \u00c0s vezes as coisas se confundem! O que voc\u00eas colocariam na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio do Python?

    E na de desenvolvedor?

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#exemplo-spyder","title":"Exemplo: Spyder","text":"

    https://www.spyder-ide.org/

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#exemplo-spyder_1","title":"Exemplo: Spyder","text":"

    https://github.com/spyder-ide/spyder/wiki

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#sistemas-de-documentacao","title":"Sistemas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Sphinx

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#sistemas-de-documentacao_1","title":"Sistemas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Mkdocs

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#sistemas-de-documentacao-hospedagem","title":"Sistemas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o (hospedagem)","text":"

    https://readthedocs.org/

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#atividade","title":"Atividade","text":"

    Voc\u00eas receber\u00e3o um zip com o c\u00f3digo de um software e zero instru\u00e7\u00f5es. Voc\u00eas dever\u00e3o:

    1. Aprender como rodar o software
    2. Documentar os passos que voc\u00eas seguiram para faz\u00ea-lo
    3. Fazer uma an\u00e1lise cr\u00edtica do projeto com rela\u00e7\u00e3o a
      • Arquitetura
      • Qualidade do c\u00f3digo
      • Seguran\u00e7a da solu\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#objetivos-desta-atividade","title":"Objetivos desta atividade","text":"
    1. Entender na pr\u00e1tica a necessidade de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o;
    2. Identificar quais s\u00e3o as depend\u00eancias de um software. Isto inclui bibliotecas/frameworks usados e servi\u00e7os aos quais esse software se conecta.
    3. Rodar sua pr\u00f3pria vers\u00e3o de um software de terceiros
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#nao-sao-objetivos-desta-atividade","title":"N\u00e3o s\u00e3o objetivos desta atividade","text":"
    1. Mostrar nenhum tipo de boa pr\u00e1tica de programa\u00e7\u00e3o
    2. Modificar o software analisado
    3. Criticar o desenvolvedor que trabalhou antes no projeto
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#atividade-pratica-projeto-nao-documentado","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Projeto n\u00e3o documentado","text":"

    Objetivo: entender como rodar um c\u00f3digo sem instru\u00e7\u00f5es.

    Valida\u00e7\u00e3o: apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema funcionando.

    Grupos de at\u00e9 3 pessoas

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#tempo-restante-de-hoje-hora-inicial-da-proxima-aula-usem-handout-como-guia","title":"Tempo restante de hoje + hora inicial da pr\u00f3xima aula. Usem handout como guia","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_3","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_5","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_3","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2 - Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/","title":"04 - Professional Project","text":"

    There is a moment in a project's history where it is already useful for the author and other people are starting to get interested in it. Software documentation, clear install instructions and being free of errors are important to these people but are not necessarily essential to the authors, who are used to fix problem when they appear and are familiar with every aspect of the code. We will transform a project like this into a project that is ready to be used by other people and that can receive contributions from other developers. 

    {\"skill_id\": 4, \"metadata\": {\"date\": \"2022-09-01\", \"url\": \"http...\", \"group\": []}\n

    Done

    Form a pair and select a project that one of you worked on during your degree. We will transform it into a complete project that other people can use and contribute to.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/#deliverables","title":"Deliverables","text":"

    This is a project for more than one meeting and can be done in pairs.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/#software-documentation","title":"Software documentation","text":"
    • Create a website for the project, including screenshots and animations about its usage
    • Create a wiki with instructions for developers
      • build instructions
      • code organization
      • technologies used

    Tip

    Use mkdocs or other static site generator tools to create the website. Jekyll is also a popular choice.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/#project-quality","title":"Project quality","text":"
    • Create README with project description, screenshot and links to documentation
    • Organize repo with source code in a src folder and documentation in docs
    • Execute a linter in your project and export its output to one or more issues with names related to code quality improvements
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api-e-linters","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-o-que-faz-o-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: o que faz o projeto?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#servidor-de-desafios","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":"

    Voc\u00eas rodaram um MVP do servidor de desafios. Veja abaixo seu estado atual:

    https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#servidor-de-desafios_1","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-como-o-projeto-esta-organizado-tecnologias","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: como o projeto est\u00e1 organizado? (tecnologias)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-como-o-projeto-esta-organizado-codigo","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: como o projeto est\u00e1 organizado? (c\u00f3digo)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-arquitetura-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a arquitetura do projeto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#0-a-10","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-qualidade-de-codigo-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a qualidade de c\u00f3digo do projeto.","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#0-a-10_1","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-seguranca-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a seguran\u00e7a do projeto.","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#0-a-10_2","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-esse-projeto-e-um-projeto-profissional","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: esse projeto \u00e9 um projeto \"profissional\"?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#0-a-10_3","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-o-que-voce-incluiria-na-documentacao-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: o que voc\u00ea incluiria na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#software-tem-historia-e-depende-de-pessoas-para-evoluir","title":"Software tem hist\u00f3ria e depende de pessoas para evoluir","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#codigo-vs-software-profissional","title":"C\u00f3digo vs software profissional","text":"

    Os seguintes pontos transformam um c\u00f3digo que fiz para mim em algo \u00fatil para outras pessoas

    1. Tradu\u00e7\u00f5es e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (datas)
    2. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio e de desenvolvimento
    3. Algum processo de qualidade de software
      • testes automatizados
      • formata\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo e estrutura de repo
    4. pacotes de instala\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    • Ferramentas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API usando
    • Padr\u00f5es de formata\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo
      • linters
      • PEP8
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":"

    Objetivo: explicar o funcionamento das fun\u00e7\u00f5es, classes e m\u00f3dulos de um programa.

    • Focado em detalhes
    • Documenta os argumentos esperados e em quais situa\u00e7\u00f5es a fun\u00e7\u00e3o funciona
    • Tipicamente obtida direto do c\u00f3digo
    • N\u00e3o detalha como as fun\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o usadas em conjunto
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api_2","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":"

    ref

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#ferramentas","title":"Ferramentas","text":"
    • Python:
      • pydoc, numpydoc
    • C/C++
      • Doxygen
    • Java
      • Javadoc

    Em geral podem ser plugadas em alguma ferramenta de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao_1","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao_2","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    • Cada projeto tem o seu
    • Algumas linguagens tem um estilo padr\u00e3o
      • Python - PEP8
    • Ferramentas ajudam a conferir (for\u00e7ar) um estilo espec\u00edfico
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#ferramentas_1","title":"Ferramentas","text":"
    • Python: pylint, black
    • C/C++: splint, cppchecker, gcc (op\u00e7\u00f5es -Wall, -Wextra), clang-format/-tidy
    • Java: flag -Xlint
    • Javascript: ESlint, TSlint (typescript)
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":"

    Ajudam a manter c\u00f3digo limpo e leg\u00edvel. Podem ser plugadas no seu editor favorito.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#execucao-obrigatoria-para-muitos-projetos-grandes","title":"Execu\u00e7\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3ria para muitos projetos grandes","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#atividade-pratica-projeto-profissional","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Projeto profissional","text":"

    Objetivo: Transformar um c\u00f3digo perdido em um projeto

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"github pages criado\", \"group\": [\"ate tr\u00eas\", \"alunos\"]}

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api-testes","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API + testes","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/","title":"05 - Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":"

    Nesta aula complementaremos as \u00faltimas discuss\u00f5es criando um pequeno pacote Python instal\u00e1vel via pip. Com isto chegamos mais perto de um projeto que esteja preparado para que outras pessoas o utilizem e colaborem em seu desenvolvimento.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#distribuindo-software-para-desenvolvedores-pacote-python-basico","title":"Distribuindo software para desenvolvedores: pacote Python b\u00e1sico","text":"

    Nosso m\u00f3dulo se chamar\u00e1 dev_aberto e disponibilizar\u00e1 um programa execut\u00e1vel hello.py. Crie a seguinte estrutura de pastas para nosso pacote.

    Important

    Baixe os arquivos que usaremos neste link

    pacote_exemplo/\n    dev_aberto/\n        __init__.py\n        dev_aberto.py\n    scripts/\n        hello.py\n    README.md\n    LICENSE\n

    Exercise

    com a estrutura acima, qual seria o import a ser feito para usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o hello do arquivo dev_aberto.py?

    Exercise

    Pesquise para que serve o arquivo __init__.py e use-o para permitir importar hello usando somente import dev_aberto.

    Exercise

    Crie um projeto no github para esta atividade. Fa\u00e7a um primeiro commit nele com o conte\u00fado \"zerado\" do projeto.

    • Um arquivo README contendo uma frase de descri\u00e7\u00e3o do pacote e um link para o reposit\u00f3rio da disciplina.
    • Um arquivo LICENSE com a licen\u00e7a MIT.
    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#o-arquivo-setuppy","title":"O arquivo setup.py","text":"

    A descri\u00e7\u00e3o de um pacote Python \u00e9 feita usando um arquivo setup.py Veja abaixo uma vers\u00e3o inicial deste arquivo:

    from setuptools import setup\n\nsetup(name='dev_aberto_seunome',\n      version='0.1',\n      packages=['dev_aberto']\n      )\n

    Exercise

    Crie o arquivo acima no seu projeto, substituindo seunome por .... seu nome. Instale o seu pr\u00f3prio pacote usando

    pip install .

    Exercise

    Em outra pasta, abra um console Python e tente importar seu m\u00f3dulo.

    Exercise

    Pesquise quais argumentos s\u00e3o usados para especificar o autor do pacote, as vers\u00f5es de Python e sistemas operacionais suportados. Preencha estes valores com suas informa\u00e7\u00f5es. Note que o pip leva estas informa\u00e7\u00f5es em conta e s\u00f3 instalar\u00e1 um pacote se ele estiver em um ambiente suportado.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#dependencias","title":"Depend\u00eancias","text":"

    Para adicionar pacotes que s\u00e3o automaticamente instalados quando instalamos nosso pacote precisamos identific\u00e1-los no nosso arquivo setup.py. Para adicionar uma depend\u00eancia de instala\u00e7\u00e3o basta adicionar o seguinte argumento:

        ...\n    install_requires=[\n        'pacote>=1.0',\n        'pacote2'\n    ],\n    ...\n

    Exercise

    Verifique as depend\u00eancias do c\u00f3digo e adicione-as no setup.py.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#requirementstxt","title":"requirements.txt","text":"

    Muitos softwares usam tamb\u00e9m um arquivo requirements.txt para listar todas as depend\u00eancias do software de modo a obter uma instala\u00e7\u00e3o id\u00eantica \u00e0 do desenvolvedor. Isto \u00e9 importante para uniformizar os ambientes de desenvolvimento. Ou seja, este arquivo nunca ser\u00e1 usado por usu\u00e1rios finais.

    Exercise

    Crie um requirements.txt para seu projeto com as mesmas depend\u00eancias listadas no seu setup.py.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#scripts-executaveis","title":"Scripts execut\u00e1veis","text":"

    Al\u00e9m de instalar o nosso m\u00f3dulo para uso via import desejamos tamb\u00e9m disponibilizar o arquivo hello.py como um execut\u00e1vel para todo o sistema. Isto pode ser feito adicionando a seguinte linha no nosso setup.py indicando que scripts/hello.py dever\u00e1 ser instalado como um execut\u00e1vel. 

        ...\n    scripts=['scripts/hello.py'],\n    ...\n

    N\u00e3o se esque\u00e7a de adicionar a seguinte linha no topo de seu arquivo para que ele possa ser executado diretamente do shell:

    #!/usr/bin/env python3\n

    No Windows \u00e9 criado um execut\u00e1vel que chama nosso script, de modo que as chamadas do execut\u00e1vel continuar\u00e3o funcionando normalmente. Note que isto n\u00e3o cria menus em nenhum tipo de interface gr\u00e1fica.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#criando-arquivos-de-distribuicao","title":"Criando arquivos de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Dois tipos de arquivos de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o podem ser usados:

    • sdist: \u00e9 um arquivo contendo os fontes do projeto, incluindo arquivos adicionais especificados usando o argumento data_files. Usado se seu projeto for Python-puro.
    • wheel: \u00e9 um formato pr\u00e9-compilado e espec\u00edfico para cada plataforma. Mais usado quando o projeto cont\u00e9m extens\u00f5es em C.

    A cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um arquivo de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de fontes \u00e9 bem simples:

    $ python setup.py sdist

    A instala\u00e7\u00e3o deste pacote pode ser feita via pip.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#envio-para-o-pypi","title":"Envio para o PyPI","text":"

    Vamos agora enviar nosso pacote para o Python Package Index para que ele possa ser instalado diretamente via pip. Para n\u00e3o poluir o reposit\u00f3rio com pacotes tempor\u00e1rios e de teste, podemos usar o TestPyPI. Toda sua infraestrutura \u00e9 igual ao oficial, mas ele \u00e9 limpo de maneira regular.

    Visite https://test.pypi.org/account/register/ e registre-se no TestPyPI.

    Ap\u00f3s o registro, usaremos o pacote twine (instal\u00e1vel via pip) para fazer o upload:

    $ twine upload --repository-url https://test.pypi.org/legacy/ dist/*

    Voc\u00ea poder\u00e1, ent\u00e3o, instalar seu pacote a partir do test PyPI usando o seguinte comando:

    $ pip install --index-url https://test.pypi.org/simple/ my_hello_nome

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Pacote Python e inclua nela a url do seu reposit\u00f3rio no github.

    Objetivo: Primeira experi\u00eancia distribuindo software Python.

    \"skill_id\": 6, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-seu-pacote\"}

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#distribuindo-software-para-usuarios-finais","title":"Distribuindo software para usu\u00e1rios finais","text":"

    Vamos agora trabalhar (em duplas) no Servidor de Desafios novamente. Seu trabalho ser\u00e1 criar um Dockerfile que roda o software de maneira \"completa\". Ou seja, o script de cria\u00e7\u00e3o do container dever\u00e1

    • instalar todas as depend\u00eancias do sistema
    • criar a base de dados, se necess\u00e1rio
    • adicionar os usu\u00e1rios presentes no arquivo users.csv, se necess\u00e1rio
    • executar o servidor e serv\u00ed-lo na porta 8080 do host
    • manter os dados adicionados ao reiniciar o container
    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#entrega_1","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Dockerfile segundo o modelo abaixo.

    Objetivo: Criou deploy automatizado para sistema web Python

    \"skill_id\": 7, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-servidor-de-desafios\", \"group\": [\"login1\", \"login2\"]}

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#referencias","title":"Refer\u00eancias","text":"

    Algumas refer\u00eancias que podem ser \u00fateis:

    • https://docker-curriculum.com/
    • https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/","title":"06 - Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Na parte expositiva da aula tivemos uma introdu\u00e7\u00e3o aos problemas de Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (i18n) e Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o (L10N). Neste roteiro iremos praticar o uso destas t\u00e9cnicas em uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o linha de comando de exemplo simples.

    Em ambos exemplos vamos trabalhar com o m\u00f3dulo Babel, que \u00e9 feito para facilitar a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de aplica\u00e7\u00f5es feitas em Python. Outras linguagens de programa\u00e7\u00e3o possuem bibliotecas similares que seguem a mesma sequ\u00eancia de comandos e usam os mesmos tipos de arquivos.

    Sistemas POSIX suportam a determina\u00e7\u00e3o do locale utilizado por meio da vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LANGUAGE, que pode ser modificada para cada execu\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa. O formato padr\u00e3o usado \u00e9 <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>. Para portugu\u00eas do Brasil usando codifica\u00e7\u00e3o UTF8 usamos o locale pt_BR.utf8. Rodando o seguinte comando as mensagens de ajuda do ls devem aparecer em ingl\u00eas.

    $ LANGUAGE=en_US.utf8 ls --help

    J\u00e1 executando o comando abaixo elas devem aparecer em portugu\u00eas.

    $ LANGUAGE=pt_BR.utf8 ls --help

    De maneira mais geral, existe uma s\u00e9rie de vari\u00e1veis LC_* que controlam qual locale \u00e9 usado para determinado tipo de dados. Veremos a seguir como usar LC_TIME e LC_NUMERIC para controlar como datas e n\u00fameros s\u00e3o exibidos e LANGUAGE para definir a lingua de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#localizando-um-programa-em-python","title":"Localizando um programa em Python","text":"

    Vamos trabalhar com uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de linha de comando que nada mais faz que imprimir alguns dados simples como data em extenso, um n\u00famero fracion\u00e1rio grande e uma mensagem pr\u00e9-definida. O c\u00f3digo completo (arquivo cli.py) est\u00e1 abaixo.

    from datetime import date\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    today = date.today()\n    print(today)\n\n    number = 240000000000.32212\n    print(number)\n\n    name = input('Input your name: ')\n    print('Hello {}'.format(name))\n
    Uma sa\u00edda poss\u00edvel seria

    2018-08-28\n240000000000.3221\nInput your name: Igor\nHello Igor\n

    Como j\u00e1 visto em aula, este programa re\u00fane tr\u00eas das principais sa\u00eddas que precisam ser formatadas: datas, n\u00fameros fracion\u00e1rios e mensagens para o usu\u00e1rio.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#formatando-datas","title":"Formatando datas","text":"

    A formata\u00e7\u00e3o de datas \u00e9 governada para vari\u00e1vel LC_TIME. O m\u00f3dulo babel.dates j\u00e1 possui diversas fun\u00e7\u00f5es que automaticamente a utilizam para fazer a localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de vari\u00e1veis do tipo Date (usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o format_date) ou DateTime (usando format_datetime).

    Exercise

    Pesquise como usar estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e utilize-as no seu programa para localizar a data por extenso (ou seja, 31 de agosto de 2021).

    Exercise

    O qu\u00ea acontece quando definimos a vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LC_TIME=en_US.utf8 e rodamos o programa? E se usamos LC_TIME=pt_BR.utf8?

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#formatando-numeros","title":"Formatando n\u00fameros","text":"

    A formata\u00e7\u00e3o de datas \u00e9 governada para vari\u00e1vel LC_NUMERIC. O m\u00f3dulo babel.numbers possui a fun\u00e7\u00e3o format_number que formata um n\u00famero de acordo com esta configura\u00e7\u00e3o.

    Exercise

    Pesquise como usar estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e utilize-as no seu programa para localizar o n\u00famero fracion\u00e1rio mostrado.

    Exercise

    Teste seu programa com LC_NUMERIC=en_US.utf8 e LC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.utf8. Os efeitos s\u00e3o os esperados?s

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#traduzindo-mensagens","title":"Traduzindo mensagens","text":"

    A parte final consiste em criar tradu\u00e7\u00f5es das duas strings presentes no texto. A linguagem usada \u00e9 definida pela vari\u00e1vel LANGUAGE, que pode ser definida separadamente para cada processo. Um dos pontos mais importantes \u00e9 marcar quais strings dever\u00e3o ser traduzidas para que uma equipe de tradutores n\u00e3o precise mexer no c\u00f3digo. O m\u00f3dulo gettext do Python j\u00e1 prov\u00ea suporte a esta funcionalidade, o Babel apenas fornece um conjunto de ferramentas que facilita seu uso.

    A implanta\u00e7\u00e3o do framework de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita em quatro passos:

    1. Marca\u00e7\u00e3o das strings a serem traduzidas
    2. Extra\u00e7\u00e3o destas strings do c\u00f3digo em um arquivo modelo .pot
    3. Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es .po a partir do modelo criado no passo anterior
    4. Compila\u00e7\u00e3o das strings traduzidas em um arquivo bin\u00e1rio .mo

    No arquivo principal de nossa aplica\u00e7\u00e3o podemos \"instalar\" o framework de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e marcar todas nossas strings a serem traduzidas com a fun\u00e7\u00e3o _(). A instala\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita pelo seguinte trecho de c\u00f3digo.

    import gettext\ngettext.install('cli', localedir='locale') \n# cli \u00e9 o nome do arquivo em que guardamos nossas tradu\u00e7\u00f5es\n# localedir \u00e9 o caminho onde est\u00e3o armazenadas as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es. Pode ser um caminho relativo. \n

    Devemos ent\u00e3o marcar todas as strings para serem traduzidas com _(). Podemos usar _() em qualquer arquivo do projeto, mesmo que a instala\u00e7\u00e3o tenha sido feita somente no arquivo principal.

    print(_(\"Hello!\"))\n

    Os passos seguintes s\u00e3o feitos com aux\u00edlio do Babel, que efetivamente analisa nosso c\u00f3digo Python e extrai as strings para tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. A cria\u00e7\u00e3o do arquivo modelo de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o a partir dos arquivos do diret\u00f3rio atual \u00e9 feita com o seguinte comando.

    $ pybabel extract . -o cli-model.pot

    Criamos ent\u00e3o uma nova tradu\u00e7\u00e3o usando o seguinte comando. A op\u00e7\u00e3o -D indica o nome do arquivo em que as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es ser\u00e3o guardadas (usado em gettext.install). A op\u00e7\u00e3o -l indica o locale da tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. A op\u00e7\u00e3o -d indica o localedir usado em gettext.install.

    $ pybabel init -i cli-model.pot -D cli -l pt_BR -d locale

    Devemos ent\u00e3o editar o arquivo criado em locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/cli.po. Ser\u00e3o apresentados (ap\u00f3s algumas linhas de coment\u00e1rios) pares de linhas como as seguintes. O primeiro valor msgid \u00e9 a string a ser traduzida e o segundo msgstr \u00e9 a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o no locale pt_BR (pois o arquivo est\u00e1 na pasta pt_BR do localedir). 

    msgid \"Input your name: \"\nmsgstr \"\"\n

    Apesar de ser poss\u00edvel fazer tudo diretamente no arquivo de texto, \u00e9 mais conveniente usar softwares como o poedit ou este editor online(https://localise.biz/free/poeditor).

    Com as strings traduzidas vamos finalmente compilar nossos resultados. Isto \u00e9 feito para que n\u00e3o seja poss\u00edvel mexer nos arquivos de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o em uma vers\u00e3o Release do programa.

    $ pybabel compile -D cli -l pt_BR -d locale

    Isto gerar\u00e1 os arquivos .mo correspondentes a ao locale pt_BR. S\u00e3o estes os arquivos carregados durante a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do programa.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#teste-final","title":"Teste final","text":"

    Podemos definir a vari\u00e1vel LANGUAGE para modificar a lingua de um programa (como visto anteriormente com ls). Execute seu programa diretamente e depois setando LANGUAGE=pt_BR.utf8. Os resultados foram os esperados?

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Modifique o exerc\u00edcio da aula passada (pacote python) para suportar datas e mensagens em Ingl\u00eas e Portugu\u00eas. Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica segundo o modelo abaixo.

    Objetivo: Aplicou ferramentas de localiza\u00e7\u00e3o para traduzir um programa simples em linha de comando.

    \"skill_id\": 8, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-pacote-python\"}

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#localizacao-e-internacionalizacao-de-software","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2: Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#traducao-de-software","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#qual-a-diferenca-de-internacionalizacao-e-localizacao","title":"Qual a diferen\u00e7a de internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#internacionalizacao-i18n","title":"Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (I18N)","text":"

    • Consiste em traduzir a interface de usu\u00e1rio de um software para outros idiomas.

    • Sistema Operacional guarda configura\u00e7\u00f5es de idioma e as disponibiliza para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es

    • Tipicamente \"invis\u00edvel\"

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#localizacao-l10n","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o (L10N)","text":"

    Consiste em adaptar a maneira de mostrar

    • n\u00fameros fracion\u00e1rios
      • marcador de decimais
      • marcador de milhares
    • datas
      • nomes de meses
      • ordem de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o
    • nomes de pa\u00edses, fusos hor\u00e1rios, etc

    de acordo com as prefer\u00eancias de um usu\u00e1rio e relativos a sua cultura.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#i18n-e-l10n","title":"I18N e L10N","text":"

    Precisam ser

    • independentes:
      • idioma ingl\u00eas e datas no formato brasileiro
    • configur\u00e1veis
      • posso precisar trocar entre l\u00ednguas e entre formatos
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#o-suporte-a-l10n-e-i18n-implica-modificar-codigo-fonte","title":"O suporte a L10N e I18N implica modificar c\u00f3digo fonte.","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#locales","title":"Locales","text":"

    Um locale \u00e9 uma tripla

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_1","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"
    <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_2","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    que representa configura\u00e7\u00f5es de I18N e/ou L10N para uma determinada cultura.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#locales_1","title":"Locales","text":"

    Exemplos:

    • Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de File:
      • pt = Ficheiro
      • pt_BR = Arquivo
    • Formato de datas:
      • en_US: MM/DD/YY
      • en_GB: DD/MM/YY
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#posso-usar-locales-diferentes-para-a-lingua-da-interface-de-usuario-e-para-mostrar-datas","title":"Posso usar locales diferentes para a l\u00edngua da interface de usu\u00e1rio e para mostrar datas.","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#configuracoes-possiveis-linux","title":"Configura\u00e7\u00f5es poss\u00edveis (Linux)","text":"
    # sa\u00edda do comando locale\nLANG=en_US.UTF-8\nLC_CTYPE=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TIME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_COLLATE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MONETARY=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MESSAGES=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_PAPER=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_NAME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_ADDRESS=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TELEPHONE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MEASUREMENT=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_IDENTIFICATION=pt_BR.UTF-8\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#implementando-suporte-a-l10n","title":"Implementando suporte a L10N","text":"
    1. Baixar uma biblioteca de Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o
    2. Encontrar todas as exibi\u00e7\u00f5es de n\u00fameros, datas, etc
    3. Pr\u00e9-process\u00e1-las usando fun\u00e7\u00f5es da biblioteca
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_3","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"
    # Antes \nprint('Numero:', 10.5) \n# Depois\nprint('Numero', format_number(10.5))\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_4","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    N\u00e3o \u00e9 complicado, mas \u00e9 trabalhoso

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n","title":"Suporte a I18N","text":"

    Envolve 4 etapas:

    1. Marcar todas strings que devem ser traduzidas
    2. Extra\u00ed-las do c\u00f3digo fonte
    3. Criar um arquivo de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es para cada locale suportado
    4. Empacotar as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es junto com o programa
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_5","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    \u00c9 um pouco mais complicado, mas pode ser integrado ao processo de compila\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-posix","title":"Suporte a I18N (POSIX)","text":"

    Sistemas POSIX suportam determina\u00e7\u00e3o de lingua e locale usando vari\u00e1veis de ambiente.

    • LANG para l\u00edngua
    • LC_TIME para data
    • LC_NUMERIC para n\u00fameros

    Um locale sempre \u00e9 expresso no formato 

    <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-posix_1","title":"Suporte a I18N (POSIX)","text":"

    O comando locale mostra todas as op\u00e7\u00f5es dispon\u00edveis:

    # sa\u00edda do comando locale\nLANG=en_US.UTF-8\nLC_CTYPE=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TIME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_COLLATE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MONETARY=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MESSAGES=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_PAPER=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_NAME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_ADDRESS=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TELEPHONE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MEASUREMENT=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_IDENTIFICATION=pt_BR.UTF-8\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-web","title":"Suporte a I18N (Web)","text":"

    Existem diversas maneiras de determinar um bom locale em sistemas Web:

    • Cabe\u00e7alho HTTP Accept-Language inclui as linguagens de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o suportadas pelo browser do visitante.
    • Geolocaliza\u00e7\u00e3o via IP
    • Prefer\u00eancia armazenada em banco de dados
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_6","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#web-e-desktop-usam-as-mesmas-tecnologias-l10n-e-i18n","title":"Web e desktop usam as mesmas tecnologias (l10n e i18n)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-em-python","title":"Suporte a I18N (em Python)","text":"
    • M\u00f3dulo gettext da biblioteca padr\u00e3o
    • M\u00f3dulo datetime aceita o uso de locales
    • M\u00f3dulo babel faz I18N e L10N
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#atividade-pratica-traducao-basica","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica","text":"

    Objetivo: usar o m\u00f3dulo Babel para traduzir uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do terminal.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#localizacao-e-internacionalizacao-de-software_1","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2: Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/07-code-quality/","title":"07 - Code quality","text":"

    In Lesson 04 - Professional Project we created a repo and website for an old project developed during the course. Now we are going to improve its quality by fixing the issues each group found using a linter tool.

    Warning

    We won't work on our own projects this time! Select a project from the discussion page and comment on the issue you'd like to do. Every project must have at least one issue with external participation.

    "},{"location":"lessons/07-code-quality/#deliverable","title":"Deliverable","text":"
    • create a Pull/Merge request addressing a code quality issue found in another team's project.
    • work with other team to get a Pull/Merge request accepted in your repository

    Learning objective: modify a project you are not familiar with and improve its code quality

    \"skill_id\": 11, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"pull request url\", \"group\": [\"student2\"]}

    Add to the pull request description a link to the accepted contribution.

    "},{"location":"plugins/notification/","title":"Toast Notifications","text":"

    This page illustrates how to create toast (or snackbar) notifications. This is intended for plugin development and probably shouldn't be called directly from the markdown content.

    In your plugin, whenever you want to show a toast notification, just call notification.toast():

    notification.toast(\"Go crazy!\", { bgColor: \"#FFFF00\", color: \"#ff4498\" });\nnotification.toast('bgColor \"danger\"', { bgColor: \"danger\" });\nnotification.toast(\"Notification with click event (reload page)\", {\nonClick: () => window.location.reload(),\n});\nnotification.toast(\"Toasts have an optional timeout argument\", {\ntimeout: 3000,\n});\n

    The following values are accepted for bgColor:

    • primary (your theme's primary color)
    • note
    • abstract
    • summary
    • tldr
    • info
    • todo
    • tip
    • hint
    • important
    • success
    • check
    • done
    • question
    • help
    • faq
    • warning
    • caution
    • attention
    • failure
    • fail
    • missing
    • danger
    • error
    • bug
    • example
    • quote
    • cite
    • a color in hex notation (e.g. \"#FF00FF\")
    "}]} \ No newline at end of file +{"config":{"lang":["en"],"separator":"[\\s\\-]+","pipeline":["stopWordFilter"]},"docs":[{"location":"","title":"Open Development 2023/2","text":"

    Welcome to the Open Development page for 2023/2. On this site, you will find all the course lessons and syllabus. The learning objectives covered are:

    1. The student is capable of understanding a software project and fixing a bug or implementing an improvement.
    2. The student is capable of making modifications that meet the technical and non-technical requirements of a software project.
    3. The student is capable of interacting with a (remote) development team.

    This course is gamified and entirely done using a git repository. Each student creates a user following the instructions in Lesson 01 and submits a Pull Request to be included in the repository. Each completed activity is delivered via a PR in the course repository and serves as evidence for the learning objectives mentioned above.

    The course revolves around four types of activities:

    • Tutorial: (Guided) Preparatory activities in the classroom.
    • Code: Code contributions to external projects.
    • Community: Non-technical contributions that can benefit users and developers of a project, such as documentation and translations.
    • Impact: Significant results achieved through the student's participation in open projects.

    More information about all possible activities can be found on the Assessment page.

    Current and past instructors

    • Igor Montagner
    • Fabr\u00edcio Barth
    "},{"location":"agenda_apresentacoes/","title":"Apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es sobre cultura livre","text":"

    Este documento descreve a rubrica para avalia\u00e7\u00e3o do trabalho e a agenda das apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es.

    "},{"location":"agenda_apresentacoes/#rubrica","title":"Rubrica","text":"Conceito Descri\u00e7\u00e3o A Apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o realizada dentro do tempo estipulado. O tema foi organizado de forma excelente, com boa sequ\u00eancia l\u00f3gica das ideias. O trabalho foi apresentado de forma clara e concisa, usando so slides de forma coesa com a fala. Tem boa postura e seguran\u00e7a, estabelece contato visual com os participantes durante a apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Incorporou elementos visuais de qualidade no material: figuras, tabelas e gr\u00e1ficos s\u00e3o claros e cont\u00eam informa\u00e7\u00f5es suficientes. Fez uso de no m\u00ednimo uma t\u00e9cnica para intera\u00e7\u00e3o com a audi\u00eancia (por exemplo, debate, painel com vota\u00e7\u00f5es, entre outros). B O tempo de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o foi de mais ou menos 5 min do estabelecido. O tema foi parcialmente bem organizado, com sequ\u00eancia de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o razo\u00e1vel. Exp\u00f5e o trabalho corretamente, mas n\u00e3o usa os slides de forma coesa com a fala. Postura e seguran\u00e7a razo\u00e1veis. Os elementos visuais s\u00e3o de baixa qualidade: figuras, tabelas e gr\u00e1ficos n\u00e3o s\u00e3o totalmente claros e n\u00e3o cont\u00eam informa\u00e7\u00f5es suficientes para compreens\u00e3o. Fez uso de no m\u00ednimo uma t\u00e9cnica para intera\u00e7\u00e3o com a audi\u00eancia (por exemplo, debate, painel com vota\u00e7\u00f5es, entre outros). C Tempo de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o foi de mais ou menos 10 min do estabelecido. A organiza\u00e7\u00e3o da apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 confusa, o que prejudica o acompanhamento e compreens\u00e3o das ideias. Comunica\u00e7\u00e3o deficiente, com dificuldade de expor ideias. N\u00e3o usa adequadamente os slides. N\u00e3o tem boa postura e seguran\u00e7a durante a apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Os recursos visuas prejudicam a apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Fez uso de no m\u00ednimo uma t\u00e9cnica para intera\u00e7\u00e3o com a audi\u00eancia (por exemplo, debate, painel com vota\u00e7\u00f5es, entre outros)."},{"location":"agenda_apresentacoes/#agenda","title":"Agenda","text":"Data e hor\u00e1rio Tema 17/11 (9:45-10:45) GitHub Copilot \u00e9 \u00e9tico? [Eiki Yamashiro e Marcelo Miguel] 17/11 (10:45-11:45) A rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre Software as a Service (SaaS) e projetos de C\u00f3digo Aberto [Caroline Chaim, Felipe Lemos, Jo\u00e3o Farias Araujo] 22/11 (9:45-10:45) Telemetria \u00e9 \"\u00e9tico\"? [Guilherme Lunetta, Rafael Monteiro e Jo\u00e3o Magalh\u00e3es] 22/11 (10:45-11:45) Regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es futuras na Europa sobre responsabilidade legal dos criadores de IAs [Luiza Silvera, Guilherme Batista e Gabriel Zanetti] 24/11 N\u00e3o teremos aula. Joga do Brasil na Copa do Mundo 29/11 (9:45-10:45) Regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es recentes na Europa sobre durabilidade de smartphones. [Keiya Nishio e Bruno Freitas] 29/11 (10:45-11:45) Por que Open Source \u00e9 cr\u00edtico para criptomoedas? [Paulo Kim, Raphael Lahiry e Rodrigo Coelho] 01/12 (9:45-10:45) The new open-source economics (Yochai Benkler, 2005). O que mudou de 2005 para 2022? [Jo\u00e3o Pedro Meirelles, Gustavo Molina e Rafael Almada] 01/12 (10:45-11:45) Mantainer burnout [Cesar Ades e Jonathan Sutton]"},{"location":"assessment/","title":"Assessment","text":"

    As you can see in Lesson 01, this course allows for a great deal of freedom, and it is organized through gamification. Each participant creates a profile in the repository and earns skills (and XP) by completing the available activities. All submissions are made via PR to the course repository.

    The final grade is a combination of the total amount of XP received for completing tasks, the amount of XP obtained from group members, and some barrier criteria. The table below summarizes these conditions:

    Grade Score Extra Criteria I ---- Did not complete any tutorial activities D ---- Completed all lesson activities but did not reach a C grade C 45XP
  • 1 x Code Contribution +
  • Accepted Translation! or Documentation Contribution
    • B 90XP
  • Accepted Code Contribution
    • A 150XP A+ 200XP

    Throughout the semester, the scores in the table above may be revised downward, but never upward.

    "},{"location":"assessment/#available-skills","title":"Available Skills","text":"

    Each skill translates into evidence for one of the learning objectives of the course. The collection of all the skills completed during the semester indicates the proficiency of the students in each of the objectives.

    "},{"location":"assessment/#tutorial","title":"Tutorial","text":"

    In this initial part, preparatory activities are carried out to support the development of skills in Code and Community skills.

    id Name Description XP Date 1 First Steps Added to the discipline's repository. 2 21/08 2 Exploring a Project's Environment Researched the history and community of people and services around a project. 3 21/08 3 Undocumented Project Received an undocumented system and got it up and running. 5 28/08 4 Professional Project Refactored poorly written code and created a web page for it. 5 01/09 5 Tested and Approved Created unit tests and interface tests for the challenge server. 5 13/09 6 Python Package Created a Python package installable via pip. 3 11/09 7 Dockerfile Created automated deployment for a Python web system. 3 11/09 8 Basic Translation Used translation tools to translate and localize a small command-line program. 2 11/09 10 FLOSS Research Delivered a long presentation on a recent and relevant topic related to free and open-source software. 5 04/12 11 Better code Addressed linting problems in a poorly written project 5 15/09"},{"location":"assessment/#code","title":"Code","text":"

    Any activity that results in a code contribution to open-source software projects is accepted in the course.

    id Name Description XP Date 21 Code Contribution Submitted a pull request fixing a bug. 7 04/12 22 Contribution Accepted! A non-trivial pull request was accepted by an external project. 13 04/12 23 Simple Contribution Accepted! A simple pull request (with trivial changes or small code refactorings) was accepted by an external project. 3 04/12 24 Bug Report Reported a bug in a repository, and another user was able to reproduce it. 5 04/12 25 Feature Request Made a request for a new feature in a software. 2 04/12 26 INSPER Project Made additional contributions to an INSPER educational project. 5 04/12"},{"location":"assessment/#community","title":"Community","text":"

    A software project is also defined by the interactions of all the people around it: users, developers, and translators. This category includes non-technical contributions that benefit these individuals.

    id Name Description XP Date 40 Indirect Issue Conversations in an issue or pull request led other users to open issues reporting new bugs/improvements. 3 04/12 41 Beta Tester When reproducing a bug, you discovered that it had already been fixed and caused the closure of an issue. 3 04/12 42 Translation Accepted! Made a translation that was accepted in an open-source software. 5 04/12 43 New Languages Added support for translations in a previously non-translatable software. 10 04/12 44 Reviewer Reviewed minor errors in the documentation of a project, and your modifications were accepted. 2 04/12 45 Documentation Contribution Closed an issue marked as docs. 7 04/12 46 Project Pitch Delivered a project pitch. 0 04/12 47 Pitch Accepted! Contributed to a project presented in class. 5 04/12 48 Accepted Suggestion! Another student contributed to the project you pitched. 3 04/12 49 PR Replay Presented (in 15 minutes) the process of resolving a bug in class. 5 04/12"},{"location":"assessment/#impact","title":"Impact","text":"

    This category encompasses skills that represent the impact generated by the activities performed within the context of the course, both on a software project and the community around it. This includes:

    1. Presentations given by students
    2. A large number of accepted contributions to a single project
    3. Mentions of work done by the student on the project's social media
    4. Releases containing commits made within the course's context
    id Name Description XP Date 60 Speaker Gave a talk about libraries or open-source software. 20 04/12 61 Helpdesk Had an accepted answer on sites like StackOverflow or email lists. 4 04/12 62 Published Contribution One of your contributions was included in a release. 10 04/12 63 VIP Guest After making a contribution, someone from the project asked you to perform a task. After delivering the task, add this skill. 5 04/12 64 3 Submitted PRs Submitted 3 pull requests to the same project. 10 04/12 65 3 Accepted PRs 3 pull requests you submitted to a project were accepted. 30 04/12 66 Shoutout Something you did was mentioned by the project on social media or through an official channel. 10 04/12 77 Hacktoberfest Participated in Hacktoberfest by submitting 3 pull requests to external projects. 20 04/12"},{"location":"impact-2019/","title":"Edi\u00e7\u00e3o 2019/2","text":"

    In the 2019/2 edition, students worked on 19 different projects, contributing with 46 code modifications, of which 14 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on the Servidor de Desafios, a software developed by Insper professors to be used in the Software Design course. A total of 12 accepted modifications have already been used during the semester.

    We also encourage students to participate in external technology events and experience the world outside Insper. In total, students participated in 10 events.

    "},{"location":"impact-2019/#alunos","title":"Alunos","text":"Alessandra Bl\u00fccher Alexandre Edington Antonio Jo\u00e3o Andraues Junior Elisa Mochetti Malzoni Gabriel Lopes Monteiro Gabriel Do Vale Rios Giulia Braga Passarelli Guilherme Leite Hugo Ebert Carl Igor Montagner Leonardo Pereira Medeiros Lucas Scarlato Astur Pedro Cunial Campos Samuel Vinicius Granato De Barros Vinicius Gomes De Lima Vitor Liu"},{"location":"impact-2019/#contribuicoes-de-codigo","title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es de c\u00f3digo","text":"Servidor de desafios
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/28 (Elisa Mochetti Malzoni)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/20 (Pedro Cunial Campos)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/issues/13 (Leonardo Pereira Medeiros)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/26 (Samuel Vinicius Granato De Barros)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/30 (Guilherme Leite)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/27 (Alessandra Bl\u00fccher)
    • (Lucas Scarlato Astur)
    • https://github.com/Insper/LogCompTester/issues/2 (Lucas Scarlato Astur)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/29 (Vitor Liu)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/23 (Alexandre Edington)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/32 (Giulia Braga Passarelli)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/38 (Gabriel Do Vale Rios)
    Pandas Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28183
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29193
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29191
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29087
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/27934
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28091
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28032
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29201
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28659
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28265
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28632
    • - https://github.com/panddev/pandas/pull/28296
    • - https://github.com/lucassa3/pandas/pull/1
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29701
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/27933
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/29266
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28696
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/28172
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/28218
    Multi-Deployer Issues
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/issues/5
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/issues/9
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/issues/10
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/issues/21
    Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/6
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/12
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/11
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/7
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/22
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/23
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/24
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/26
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/15
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/28
    • - https://github.com/HenriquePereiraRosa/multi-deployer/pull/13
    Python-Ds Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/prabhupant/python-ds/pull/250
    • - https://github.com/prabhupant/python-ds/pull/247
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/prabhupant/python-ds/issues/248
    Backtesting Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/raulikeda/Backtesting/pull/23
    • - https://github.com/raulikeda/Backtesting/pull/22
    Loopdocs Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/LoopKit/loopdocs/pull/111
    Osu Issues
    • - https://github.com/ppy/osu/issues/6571
    Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/ppy/osu/issues/2510
    Lector Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/BasioMeusPuga/Lector/pull/113
    Spacemacs Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/syl20bnr/spacemacs/pull/12674
    Enzyme Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/airbnb/enzyme/pull/2271
    Sherlock Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/sherlock-project/sherlock/pull/372
    Twitter-Scraper Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/bisguzar/twitter-scraper/pull/80
    Discord-Bot Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/RPCS3/discord-bot/pull/435
    Scikit-Image Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image/pull/4126
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/scikit-image/scikit-image/issues/4125
    Python-Scripts Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/ankitdobhal/Python-Scripts/pull/64
    Aos-Reminders Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/daviseford/aos-reminders/pull/219
    Calcurse Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/lfos/calcurse/pull/229
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/lfos/calcurse/issues/228
    Scikit-Learn Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/scikit-learn/scikit-learn/pull/15327
    Nightguard Issues
    • - https://github.com/nightscout/nightguard/issues/61
    Dev-Aberto Issues
    • - https://github.com/Insper/dev-aberto/issues/67
    "},{"location":"impact-2019/#eventos","title":"Eventos","text":""},{"location":"impact-2020/","title":"2020/1","text":"

    In the 2020/1 edition, students worked on 15 different projects, contributing with 27 code modifications, of which 17 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on the Challenge Server, a software developed by Insper professors to be used in the Software Design course. A total of 7 accepted modifications have already been used during the semester.

    "},{"location":"impact-2020/#alunos","title":"Alunos","text":"Isabella Rocha De Oliveira Bruna Mayumi Kimura Bruno Arthur Cesconetto Eli Jose Abi Ghosn Eric Fernando Otofuji Abrantes Francisco Ciol Rodrigues Aveiro Gabriel Fonseca Moreira Gabriel Valente Francato Hugo Silva Pereira Mendes Igor Dos Santos Montagner Lucca Delchiaro Costabile Martim Ferreira Jose Pedro De La Pe\u00f1a Ferreira Bueno Fonseca Pedro Oliveira De Azambuja Raphael Costa Sabrina Sampaio Simao Victor Laperuta De Moura"},{"location":"impact-2020/#contribuicoes","title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es Melhorias de c\u00f3digo enviadas","text":"Servidor de desafios
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/75 (Pedro De La Pe\u00f1a Ferreira Bueno Fonseca)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/72 (Gabriel Valente Francato)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/73 (Gabriel Fonseca Moreira)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/83 (Francisco Ciol Rodrigues Aveiro)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/66 (Pedro Oliveira De Azambuja)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/82 (Martim Ferreira Jose)
    • https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios/pull/67 (Sabrina Sampaio Simao)
    Pygame/Pygame Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1909
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1960
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1911
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1923
    • - https://github.com/pygame/pygame/pull/1912
    Pandas-Dev/Pandas Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/32451
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34267
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34377
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34450
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/34812
    Elementary/Code Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/issues/818
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/832
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/833
    Dgilland/Pydash Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/dgilland/pydash/pull/137
    • - https://github.com/dgilland/pydash/pull/139
    • - https://github.com/dgilland/pydash/pull/138
    Insper/Projeto-Campo-Favela Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/Insper/projeto-campo-favela/pull/27
    • - https://github.com/Insper/projeto-campo-favela/pull/24
    Hospitalrun/Hospitalrun-Frontend Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/HospitalRun/hospitalrun-frontend/pull/1983
    • - https://github.com/HospitalRun/hospitalrun-frontend/pull/1977
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/HospitalRun/hospitalrun-frontend/issues/1940
    Bokeh/Bokeh Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/bokeh/bokeh/pull/10173
    Elementary/Terminal Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/elementary/terminal/pull/486
    Matplotlib/Matplotlib Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/pull/16985
    Sorxrob/Covid3D Issues
    • - https://github.com/sorxrob/covid3d/issues/13
    Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/sorxrob/covid3d/pull/8
    Trekhleb/Covid-19 Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/trekhleb/covid-19/pull/38
    Elementary/Files Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/elementary/files/pull/1242
    Antiboomz/Btroblox Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/AntiBoomz/BTRoblox/pull/24
    Elementary/Appcenter Issues
    • - https://github.com/elementary/appcenter/issues/1321
    Darkreader/Darkreader Issues
    • - https://github.com/darkreader/darkreader/issues/2858
    "},{"location":"impact-2021/","title":"2021/2","text":"

    One of the main objectives of Open Development is to actively participate in existing software projects. In the 2021/2 edition, students worked on 30 different projects, contributing with 56 code modifications, of which 37 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on software developed by Insper professors to be used in various courses. A total of 0 modifications were accepted in these projects.

    We also encourage students to participate in external technology events and experience the world outside Insper. In total, students participated in 0 events.

    Melhorias de c\u00f3digo enviadas Uutils/Coreutils Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2693
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2703
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2704
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2726
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2727
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2728
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2731
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2735
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2742
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2743
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2745
    • - https://github.com/uutils/coreutils/pull/2749
    Pandas-Dev/Pandas Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/44806
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/44033
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/44927
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/43791
    • - https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/44200
    Robertodoering/Harpy Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/robertodoering/harpy/pull/471
    • - https://github.com/robertodoering/harpy/pull/473
    • - https://github.com/robertodoering/harpy/pull/474
    • - https://github.com/robertodoering/harpy/pull/483
    Elementary/Code Issues
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/issues/1096
    Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/1097
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/1100
    • - https://github.com/elementary/code/pull/1101
    Outros Pull Requests
    • https://github.com/readthedocs/readthedocs.org/pull/8591
    • https://github.com/plotly/plotly.py/pull/3508
    Backstage/Backstage Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/backstage/backstage/pull/7594
    • - https://github.com/backstage/backstage/pull/8156
    Nuta/Nsh Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/nuta/nsh/pull/32
    • - https://github.com/nuta/nsh/pull/37
    Iamashutosh99/Basic-Cpp-Course Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/iamashutosh99/basic-cpp-course/pull/23
    • - https://github.com/iamashutosh99/basic-cpp-course/pull/22
    Alteryx/Featuretools Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/alteryx/featuretools/pull/1725
    • - https://github.com/alteryx/featuretools/pull/1733
    Centerofci/Mathesar Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/centerofci/mathesar/pull/799
    • - https://github.com/centerofci/mathesar/pull/812
    Domokane/Financepy Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/domokane/FinancePy/pull/121
    • - https://github.com/domokane/FinancePy/pull/119
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/domokane/FinancePy/issues/115
    Tsvillain/Wallbay Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/tsvillain/Wallbay/pull/8
    • - https://github.com/tsvillain/Wallbay/pull/10
    Issues
    • - https://github.com/tsvillain/Wallbay/issues/7
    • - https://github.com/tsvillain/Wallbay/issues/9
    Numpy/Numpy Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/numpy/numpy/pull/20389
    Edbmods/Edbpreparecarefully Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/edbmods/EdBPrepareCarefully/pull/318
    Readthedocs/Common Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/readthedocs/common/pull/98
    Simple-Icons/Simple-Icons Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/simple-icons/simple-icons/pull/6825
    Epicmaxco/Vuestic-Admin Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/epicmaxco/vuestic-admin/pull/845
    Epicmaxco/Vuestic-Ui Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/epicmaxco/vuestic-ui/pull/1232
    Zulip/Zulip Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/zulip/zulip/pull/19969
    Pyroscope-Io/Pyroscope Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/pyroscope-io/pyroscope/pull/492
    Matrix-Org/Matrix-React-Sdk Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-react-sdk/pull/6918
    Bootandy/Dust Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/bootandy/dust/pull/198
    Streamlit/Streamlit Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/streamlit/streamlit/pull/4051
    Godotengine/Godot Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/godotengine/godot/pull/55801
    Vector-Im/Element-Desktop Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/vector-im/element-desktop/pull/274
    Objectbox/Objectbox-Dart Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/objectbox/objectbox-dart/pull/327
    Tiangolo/Fastapi Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/pull/4042
    Serverless/Serverless Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/serverless/serverless/pull/10119
    Workalendar/Workalendar Issues
    • - https://github.com/workalendar/workalendar/issues/689
    Twopirllc/Pandas-Ta Issues
    • - https://github.com/twopirllc/pandas-ta/issues/423
    Eventos"},{"location":"impact-2022/","title":"2022/2","text":"

    One of the main objectives of Open Development is to actively participate in existing software projects. In the 2022/2 edition, students worked on 15 different projects, contributing with 20 code modifications, of which 4 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on software developed by Insper professors to be used in various courses. A total of 0 modifications were accepted in these projects.

    We also encourage students to participate in external technology events and experience the world outside Insper. In total, students participated in 0 events.

    Alunos participantes Bruno Freitas Do Nascimento Rodrigues Caroline Chaim De Lima Carneiro Cesar Ezra Ades Eiki Luis Yamashiro Fabricio Barth Felipe Lemos Gabriel Zanetti Guilherme Carneiro Lunetta Guilherme Teixeira Batista Gustavo Molina Freneda Benites Joao Pedro Farias De Araujo Joao Pedro Montefeltro Junqueira Meirelles Jo\u00e3o Vitor Menezes De Magalh\u00e3es Jonathan Sutton Keiya Nishio Luiza Rodrigues Silveira Marcelo Cesario Miguel Paulo Wook Kim Rafael Alves De Mello Almada Rafael Evangelista Monteiro Raphael Lahiry Rodrigo Guimar\u00e3es Coelho Melhorias de c\u00f3digo enviadas Geekquad/Algobook Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/geekquad/AlgoBook/pull/563
    • - https://github.com/geekquad/AlgoBook/pull/561
    • - https://github.com/geekquad/AlgoBook/pull/562
    • - https://github.com/geekquad/AlgoBook/pull/564
    Data-8/Datascience Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/data-8/datascience/pull/563
    • - https://github.com/data-8/datascience/pull/564
    • - https://github.com/data-8/datascience/pull/562
    Adafruit/Adafruit_Circuitpython_Requests Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_CircuitPython_Requests/pull/117
    Ros-Planning/Moveit2 Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/ros-planning/moveit2/pull/1693
    Grafana/Oncall Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/grafana/oncall/pull/790
    Neetcode-Gh/Leetcode Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/neetcode-gh/leetcode/pull/1524
    Outros Pull Requests
    • https://github.com/jfilter/clean-text
    Vael1/-Awesome-Python-Scripts Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/vael1/-Awesome-Python-Scripts/pull/27
    Civiwiki/Openciviwiki Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/CiviWiki/OpenCiviWiki/pull/1469
    Aylton-Almeida/Rabbitmq-Pika-Flask Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/aylton-almeida/rabbitmq-pika-flask/pull/47
    Nidhaloff/Deep-Translator Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/nidhaloff/deep-translator/pull/166
    Kra53N/Getgit Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/kra53n/getgit/pull/16
    Commons-App/Apps-Android-Commons Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/commons-app/apps-android-commons/issues/5100
    Tbillington/Kondo Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/tbillington/kondo/pull/66
    Matplotlib/Matplotlib Pull Requests
    • - https://github.com/matplotlib/matplotlib/pull/24576
    Eventos"},{"location":"impact/","title":"2023/2","text":"

    One of the main objectives of Open Development is to actively participate in existing software projects. In the 2023/2 edition, students worked on 0 different projects, contributing with 0 code modifications, of which 0 were incorporated into the original projects. In addition to these projects, students also worked on software developed by Insper professors to be used in various courses. A total of 0 modifications were accepted in these projects.

    We also encourage students to participate in external technology events and experience the world outside Insper. In total, students participated in 0 events.

    Code contributions Events"},{"location":"students/","title":"Students","text":"

    The following students are enrolled in this semester.

    Antonio Fonseca Caio Emmanuel Soares Rocha Cicero Tiago Carneiro Valentim Henrique Sim\u00f5es Alberti Igor Montagner Joao Pedro Gianfaldoni De Andrade Jor\u00e1s Cust\u00f3dio Campos De Oliveira Nat\u00e1lia Queiroz Menezes Carreras Rafael Libertini"},{"location":"syllabus/","title":"Syllabus","text":""},{"location":"syllabus/#assessment","title":"Assessment","text":"

    This course has a gamified assessment system. At any time, you can check your grade by running:

    $ ./dev-aberto.py compute-grade your-blackboard-login

    Biweekly reports will be sent with a summary of what has been delivered and which criteria have been met, as well as the student's current grade. There is no possibility of losing points. Although the report is for informational purposes only, if the student is not failing due to absences, they should receive the grade indicated in the biweekly reports.

    Attention

    The complete list of rules is available on the Course Rules page and is the official reference for grade calculation. If there is a discrepancy between the report and the rules page, consider the report to be buggy.

    "},{"location":"syllabus/#schedule","title":"Schedule","text":"
    • MON 07:30 - 09:30
    • WED 07:30 - 09:30
    • Office Hours: on demand
    "},{"location":"syllabus/#lesson-plan","title":"Lesson Plan","text":"

    The following activities are planned. The program is subject to changes and adaptations as the course progresses.

    Date Question/Problem/Challenge Content 14/08 Introduction to the course and its challenges Workflow with distributed version control: forks, patches, pull requests, and local repositories. Technical and non-technical aspects surrounding software: infrastructure, support, marketing, funding. Reference: FOGEL Ch. 3; Additional reading: TAPSCOTT & WILLIAMS. 16/08 First code contribution Workflow with distributed version control: ammend, rebase, revert. 21/08 Project documentation and what to do when it doesn't exist Types of documentation (user, developer). Source code documentation systems: doxygen, Javadoc, pydoc, sphinx; Reference: FOGEL Ch. 3 (Wikis, Website) 23/08 Studio class for \"Professional Project\" activity Studio class for \"Professional Project\" activity 28/08 Ensuring others can work on the project: API documentation code quality 30/08 Software distribution and versioning Software distribution tools. Types of distribution. Versioning schemes. Reference: FOGEL Ch. 7 04/09 How to make software work in multiple countries? Localization and internationalization. Gettext tool for translations and .po format. 06/09 Software testing Types of software testing: unit, integration, and interface. Testing tools: pytest, selenium. 11/09 Studio class for \"Software Testing\" activity Studio class for \"Software Testing\" activity 13/09 Software licenses Copyrights in Brazil, patents, and software licenses; Reference: LAURENT Ch. 1 and 5, STALLMAN Ch. 6 18/09 Introduction to contributions in open projects - Activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 20/09 Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 25/09 Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 27/09 Working in software communities Assessment metrics for the second part of the course; Communication and teamwork. Reference: RAYMOND Ch. 4 02/10 Course project Studio class for project development 04/10 Course project Studio class for project development 09/10 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 11/10 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 16/10 Course project Studio class for project development 18/10 Course project Studio class for project development 23/10 Course project Studio class for project development 25/10 Course project Studio class for project development 30/10 Course project Studio class for project development 01/11 Course project Studio class for project development 06/11 Course project Studio class for project development 08/11 Course project Studio class for project development 13/11 Course project Studio class for project development 15/11 PUBLIC HOLIDAY PUBLIC HOLIDAY 20/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 22/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 27/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 29/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 04/12 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 06/12 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK"},{"location":"_snippets/alunos/","title":"Alunos","text":"Antonio Fonseca Caio Emmanuel Soares Rocha Cicero Tiago Carneiro Valentim Henrique Sim\u00f5es Alberti Igor Montagner Joao Pedro Gianfaldoni De Andrade Jor\u00e1s Cust\u00f3dio Campos De Oliveira Nat\u00e1lia Queiroz Menezes Carreras Rafael Libertini"},{"location":"_snippets/plano-de-aulas/","title":"Plano de aulas","text":"Date Question/Problem/Challenge Content 14/08 Introduction to the course and its challenges Workflow with distributed version control: forks, patches, pull requests, and local repositories. Technical and non-technical aspects surrounding software: infrastructure, support, marketing, funding. Reference: FOGEL Ch. 3; Additional reading: TAPSCOTT & WILLIAMS. 16/08 First code contribution Workflow with distributed version control: ammend, rebase, revert. 21/08 Project documentation and what to do when it doesn't exist Types of documentation (user, developer). Source code documentation systems: doxygen, Javadoc, pydoc, sphinx; Reference: FOGEL Ch. 3 (Wikis, Website) 23/08 Studio class for \"Professional Project\" activity Studio class for \"Professional Project\" activity 28/08 Ensuring others can work on the project: API documentation code quality 30/08 Software distribution and versioning Software distribution tools. Types of distribution. Versioning schemes. Reference: FOGEL Ch. 7 04/09 How to make software work in multiple countries? Localization and internationalization. Gettext tool for translations and .po format. 06/09 Software testing Types of software testing: unit, integration, and interface. Testing tools: pytest, selenium. 11/09 Studio class for \"Software Testing\" activity Studio class for \"Software Testing\" activity 13/09 Software licenses Copyrights in Brazil, patents, and software licenses; Reference: LAURENT Ch. 1 and 5, STALLMAN Ch. 6 18/09 Introduction to contributions in open projects - Activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 20/09 Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 25/09 Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" Studio class for group activity \"My First Contribution\" 27/09 Working in software communities Assessment metrics for the second part of the course; Communication and teamwork. Reference: RAYMOND Ch. 4 02/10 Course project Studio class for project development 04/10 Course project Studio class for project development 09/10 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 11/10 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 16/10 Course project Studio class for project development 18/10 Course project Studio class for project development 23/10 Course project Studio class for project development 25/10 Course project Studio class for project development 30/10 Course project Studio class for project development 01/11 Course project Studio class for project development 06/11 Course project Studio class for project development 08/11 Course project Studio class for project development 13/11 Course project Studio class for project development 15/11 PUBLIC HOLIDAY PUBLIC HOLIDAY 20/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 22/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 27/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 29/11 Topics on free culture and software communities nan 04/12 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK 06/12 EXAM WEEK EXAM WEEK"},{"location":"_snippets/skills-code/","title":"Skills code","text":"id Name Description XP Date 21 Code Contribution Submitted a pull request fixing a bug. 7 04/12 22 Contribution Accepted! A non-trivial pull request was accepted by an external project. 13 04/12 23 Simple Contribution Accepted! A simple pull request (with trivial changes or small code refactorings) was accepted by an external project. 3 04/12 24 Bug Report Reported a bug in a repository, and another user was able to reproduce it. 5 04/12 25 Feature Request Made a request for a new feature in a software. 2 04/12 26 INSPER Project Made additional contributions to an INSPER educational project. 5 04/12"},{"location":"_snippets/skills-community/","title":"Skills community","text":"id Name Description XP Date 40 Indirect Issue Conversations in an issue or pull request led other users to open issues reporting new bugs/improvements. 3 04/12 41 Beta Tester When reproducing a bug, you discovered that it had already been fixed and caused the closure of an issue. 3 04/12 42 Translation Accepted! Made a translation that was accepted in an open-source software. 5 04/12 43 New Languages Added support for translations in a previously non-translatable software. 10 04/12 44 Reviewer Reviewed minor errors in the documentation of a project, and your modifications were accepted. 2 04/12 45 Documentation Contribution Closed an issue marked as docs. 7 04/12 46 Project Pitch Delivered a project pitch. 0 04/12 47 Pitch Accepted! Contributed to a project presented in class. 5 04/12 48 Accepted Suggestion! Another student contributed to the project you pitched. 3 04/12 49 PR Replay Presented (in 15 minutes) the process of resolving a bug in class. 5 04/12"},{"location":"_snippets/skills-impact/","title":"Skills impact","text":"id Name Description XP Date 60 Speaker Gave a talk about libraries or open-source software. 20 04/12 61 Helpdesk Had an accepted answer on sites like StackOverflow or email lists. 4 04/12 62 Published Contribution One of your contributions was included in a release. 10 04/12 63 VIP Guest After making a contribution, someone from the project asked you to perform a task. After delivering the task, add this skill. 5 04/12 64 3 Submitted PRs Submitted 3 pull requests to the same project. 10 04/12 65 3 Accepted PRs 3 pull requests you submitted to a project were accepted. 30 04/12 66 Shoutout Something you did was mentioned by the project on social media or through an official channel. 10 04/12 77 Hacktoberfest Participated in Hacktoberfest by submitting 3 pull requests to external projects. 20 04/12"},{"location":"_snippets/skills-tutorial/","title":"Skills tutorial","text":"id Name Description XP Date 1 First Steps Added to the discipline's repository. 2 21/08 2 Exploring a Project's Environment Researched the history and community of people and services around a project. 3 21/08 3 Undocumented Project Received an undocumented system and got it up and running. 5 28/08 4 Professional Project Refactored poorly written code and created a web page for it. 5 01/09 5 Tested and Approved Created unit tests and interface tests for the challenge server. 5 13/09 6 Python Package Created a Python package installable via pip. 3 11/09 7 Dockerfile Created automated deployment for a Python web system. 3 11/09 8 Basic Translation Used translation tools to translate and localize a small command-line program. 2 11/09 10 FLOSS Research Delivered a long presentation on a recent and relevant topic related to free and open-source software. 5 04/12 11 Better code Addressed linting problems in a poorly written project 5 15/09"},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/","title":"02 - Comunidades de Software","text":"

    A atividade desta aula envolve a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de uma apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o explicando como s\u00e3o organizadas as comunidades ao redor dos seguintes projetos de software:

    1. Docker
    2. GIMP
    3. Kubernetes
    4. flatpak
    5. Godot engine
    6. GNOME
    7. TensorFlow
    8. digiKam
    9. Shotcut

    Cada grupo de 3 alunos dever\u00e1 escolher um projeto acima e pesquisar os seguintes pontos.

    1. Para qu\u00ea serve o projeto?
    2. Onde est\u00e1 o c\u00f3digo fonte? Quais tecnologias s\u00e3o usadas?
    3. Qual a licen\u00e7a? Existem guidelines p\u00fablicos ou algum tipo de burocracia para contribui\u00e7\u00f5es?
    4. Existe documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvedor?
      • Parece f\u00e1cil de compilar/rodar?
      • Parece f\u00e1cil de modificar?

    5. Como o projeto \u00e9 comandado?

      • Quem s\u00e3o as grandes figuras (desenvolvedores, evangelistas, etc) do projeto? Se o projeto for grande, cite duas \u00e1reas diferentes neste item.
      • Existe um roadmap p\u00fablico?
      • S\u00e3o aceitas contribui\u00e7\u00f5es externas? Por qual via?
      • As decis\u00f5es s\u00e3o tomadas por quem?

    6. Onde encontrar os membros do projeto? Onde pedir ajuda?

    7. O projeto arrecada fundos?
      • Existem empresas patrocinando desenvolvedores?
      • Quanto foi arrecadado? E gasto? Com quais fins?
      • Quem decide como gastar?

    O trabalho do grupo ser\u00e1, ent\u00e3o, criar uma apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o de 10 minutos que responda as perguntas acima.

    As apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es da vers\u00e3o do curso 2022/2 podem ser acessadas nos links abaixo:

    1. Docker
    2. GIMP
    3. Kubernetes
    4. flatpak
    5. Godot engine
    6. GNOME
    7. TensorFlow
    8. digiKam
    9. Shotcut
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_1","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#fluxo-de-trabalho-distribuido-e-comunidades-de-software","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#modelo-github-fork-pull-request","title":"Modelo Github fork + pull request","text":"

    Fonte: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#modelo-github-fork-pull-request_1","title":"Modelo Github fork + pull request","text":"

    Fonte: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#fluxo-de-trabalho-outros-modelos","title":"Fluxo de Trabalho: outros modelos","text":"
    1. Enviar patch via lista de e-mails (ex. Linux)
    2. Ferramentas de code review (ex. KDE - Phabricator)
    3. Patch \u00e9 anexado no Bug Tracker (ex. Haiku, KDE)
    4. N\u00e3o recebe contribui\u00e7\u00f5es externas
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#revisao-dos-prs-da-aula-passada","title":"Revis\u00e3o dos PRs da aula passada","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erros-comuns","title":"Erros comuns","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-0-o-arquivo-login-achievements","title":"Erro 0: o arquivo login-achievements","text":"

    Como consertar: Crie um novo commit com a data certa e veja o erro 2.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-1-arquivos-extras-no-pr","title":"Erro 1: arquivos extras no PR","text":"

    Erro: modificar arquivos n\u00e3o relacionados a sua mudan\u00e7a proposta.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_2","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Ideal:

    1. Um Pull Request dever\u00e1 conter o somente os arquivos relacionados a modifica\u00e7\u00e3o proposta.
    2. Cada modifica\u00e7\u00e3o proposta est\u00e1 em um Pull Request separado

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-1-arquivos-extras-no-pr_1","title":"Erro 1: arquivos extras no PR","text":"

    Como consertar: git revert cria um commit que desfaz altera\u00e7\u00f5es anteriores.

    Op\u00e7\u00f5es extras:

    • --no-commit: s\u00f3 adiciona as modifica\u00e7\u00f5es, mas n\u00e3o faz o commit. Permite desfazer parcialmente um commit.

    Fonte: https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-2-pr-contem-mais-de-um-commit","title":"Erro 2: PR cont\u00e9m mais de um commit","text":"

    Erro: o PR est\u00e1 espalhado em v\u00e1rios commits.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_3","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Ideal:

    1. Colocar toda sua modifica\u00e7\u00e3o em um s\u00f3 commit ajuda a entender o que foi modificado no PR.
    2. Mant\u00e9m hist\u00f3rico limpo, com um commit por bug consertado ou funcionalidade adicionada.
    3. Facilita encontrar erros e desfazer a modifica\u00e7\u00e3o caso ela seja problem\u00e1tica (usando `git revert')
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-2-pr-contem-mais-de-um-commit_1","title":"Erro 2: PR cont\u00e9m mais de um commit","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-2-pr-contem-mais-de-um-commit_2","title":"Erro 2: PR cont\u00e9m mais de um commit","text":"

    Como consertar: git rebase -i master permite remover e juntar commits do branch atual que n\u00e3o estejam no master.

    Fonte: https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-3-mensagens-de-commit-nao-descritivas","title":"Erro 3: Mensagens de commit n\u00e3o descritivas","text":"

    Como consertar: git commit --amend permite modificar o \u00faltimo commit feito.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#erro-4-pull-request-com-descricao-ruim","title":"Erro 4: Pull Request com descri\u00e7\u00e3o ruim","text":"

    Como consertar: S\u00f3 editar na interface do Github.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#consertar-em-casa-e-pedir-review-via-github","title":"Consertar em casa e pedir review via Github","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#lembrete-se-nao-der-push-nao-estragou-nada","title":"Lembrete: se n\u00e3o der push n\u00e3o estragou nada","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#lembrete-ii-git-log-mostra-seu-historico-atual","title":"Lembrete II: git log mostra seu hist\u00f3rico atual","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#dica-se-modificou-commits-ja-publicados-use-git-push-f-para-sobrescrever","title":"Dica: se modificou commits j\u00e1 publicados use git push -f para sobrescrever","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#nem-todos-os-alunos-que-estao-matriculados-na-disciplina-fizeram-a-atividade-da-ultima-aula","title":"Nem todos os alunos que est\u00e3o matriculados na disciplina fizeram a atividade da \u00faltima aula!","text":"
    python dev-aberto.py list-users\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#comunidades-de-software","title":"Comunidades de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#discussao","title":"Discuss\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_4","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Pergunta 1: quais s\u00e3o os softwares que voc\u00eas mais utilizam no dia a dia?

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_5","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_6","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_7","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Pergunta 2: quem \u00e9 o principal desenvolvedor do projeto?

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-kernel-linux","title":"Exemplo: Kernel Linux","text":"

    Funda\u00e7\u00e3o d\u00e1 suporte ao desenvolvimento do Kernel Linux e \u00e0 cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um ecossistema de software de c\u00f3digo aberto ao seu redor.

    Apoio:

    • Financeiro
    • Propriedade intelectual
    • Infraestrutura
    • Servi\u00e7os e treinamento
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-kernel-linux_1","title":"Exemplo: Kernel Linux","text":"

    Empresas que patrocinam desenvolvimento:

    1. Individuais (11,95%)
    2. Intel (10,01%)
    3. Red Hat (8,90%)
    4. Desconhecido (4,09%)
    5. IBM (3,79%)
    6. SUSE (3,49%)
    7. Linaro (2,96%)
    8. Consultores (2,96%)
    9. Google (2,79%)
    10. Samsung (2,28%)

    Fonte: \"2020 Linux Kernel Development Report\"

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-ubuntu","title":"Exemplo: Ubuntu","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_8","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_9","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_10","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_11","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Empresa privada controla o desenvolvimento do Ubuntu. Obtem recursos via

    • Doa\u00e7\u00f5es
    • Servi\u00e7os de desenvolvimento e consultoria
    • Treinamento
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-gitlab","title":"Exemplo: Gitlab","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_12","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_13","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_14","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_15","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Empresa financiada at\u00e9 agora por VC (Venture Capital) em busca de lucro.

    • Op\u00e7\u00e3o de planos gr\u00e1tis com software de c\u00f3digo aberto
    • Op\u00e7\u00e3o de planos corporativos com mais funcionalidades e suporte
    • Instala\u00e7\u00f5es locais
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-elementary","title":"Exemplo: Elementary","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_16","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_17","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o linux comandada por uma empresa \"min\u00fascula\" focada em experi\u00eancia de usu\u00e1rio. Recursos s\u00e3o obtidos via

    • Patroc\u00ednios individuais e por empresas
    • Modelo pay-what-you-want (loja de aplicativos e sistema operacional)
    • Hardware com o sistema pr\u00e9-instalado

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#exemplo-linux-mint","title":"Exemplo: Linux Mint","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_18","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o linux cujo objetivo \u00e9 que tudo funcione direto na instala\u00e7\u00e3o. \u00c9 considerada boa para iniciantes.

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#outras-fontes","title":"Outras fontes","text":"

    Diversas outras maneiras de conseguir suporte e financiamento

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#razoes-para-financiar-empresa","title":"Raz\u00f5es para financiar (empresa)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_19","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"
    • \"Adquirir\" especialistas em uma tecnologia
    • Vender suporte ou consultoria
    • Marketing
    • Licen\u00e7a de software \"obriga\"
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_20","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_21","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Nem sempre o que \u00e9 financiado termina em um formato \"aproveit\u00e1vel\" por terceiros (ex: Android/Linux, TiVO)

    \"Tivoization is the practice of designing hardware that incorporates software under the terms of a copyleft software license like the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL), but uses hardware restrictions or digital rights management (DRM) to prevent users from running modified versions of the software on that hardware\" [Wikipedia]

    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#razoes-para-contribuir-individuo","title":"Raz\u00f5es para contribuir (indiv\u00edduo)","text":"
    • Profissionais
      • Reputa\u00e7\u00e3o / Curr\u00edculo
      • Necessidade de neg\u00f3cio
    • Pessoais
      • Altru\u00edsmo / Ideologia
      • Sensa\u00e7\u00e3o de realiza\u00e7\u00e3o pessoal
      • Exerc\u00edcio de criatividade
      • Resolver um problema de seu interesse
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#atividade-explorando-o-entorno-de-um-projeto","title":"Atividade: Explorando o entorno de um projeto","text":"
    • Pesquisar como as comunidades de alguns projetos est\u00e3o organizadas
    • Produzir uma apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o resumindo suas descobertas
    "},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#_22","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/02-comunidades-de-software/slides/#fluxo-de-trabalho-distribuido-e-comunidades-de-software_1","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/","title":"04 - Discuss\u00f5es: documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos","text":"

    A aula de hoje \u00e9 est\u00fadio para trabalhar na atividade da aula passada mais tempo para discuss\u00f5es.

    "},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#a-ausencia-de-documentacao-de-software","title":"(A aus\u00eancia de d)ocumenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-o-que-faz-o-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: o que faz o projeto?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#servidor-de-desafios","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":"

    Voc\u00eas rodaram um MVP do servidor de desafios. Veja abaixo seu estado atual:

    https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios

    "},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#servidor-de-desafios_1","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-como-o-projeto-esta-organizado-tecnologias","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: como o projeto est\u00e1 organizado? (tecnologias)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-como-o-projeto-esta-organizado-codigo","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: como o projeto est\u00e1 organizado? (c\u00f3digo)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-arquitetura-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a arquitetura do projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#0-a-10","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-qualidade-de-codigo-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a qualidade de c\u00f3digo do projeto.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#0-a-10_1","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-seguranca-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a seguran\u00e7a do projeto.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#0-a-10_2","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-esse-projeto-e-um-projeto-profissional","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: esse projeto \u00e9 um projeto \"profissional\"?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#0-a-10_3","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#discussao-o-que-voce-incluiria-na-documentacao-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: o que voc\u00ea incluiria na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#proximas-aula","title":"Pr\u00f3ximas aula","text":"

    Entender o qu\u00ea \u00e9 um projeto profissional:

    • documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio e desenvolvedor
    • boas pr\u00e1ticas de programa\u00e7\u00e3o e qualidade de c\u00f3digo
    • integra\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo e documenta\u00e7\u00e3o em um mesmo reposit\u00f3rio
    "},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#a-ausencia-de-documentacao-de-software_1","title":"(A aus\u00eancia de d)ocumenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/04-discussao-documentacao-de-software/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/","title":"05 - Projeto Profissional","text":"

    Existe um momento em que ele j\u00e1 soluciona um problema para o autor e come\u00e7a a ficar claro que ele \u00e9 de interesse de outras pessoas. Vamos considerar que o Servidor de Desafios chegou neste momento e transform\u00e1-lo em um projeto \"profissional\".

    Seu trabalho neste roteiro ser\u00e1 preparar o projeto para ser apresentado \"oficialmente\" a outros usu\u00e1rios. Ou seja, far\u00e1 mudan\u00e7as para melhorar a qualidade do c\u00f3digo e criar\u00e1 uma p\u00e1gina para o projeto apresentando-o e provendo instru\u00e7\u00f5es de instala\u00e7\u00e3o e uso.

    Para entregar esta tarefa voc\u00ea dever\u00e1 criar um reposit\u00f3rio softdes-desafios em seu usu\u00e1rio, colocar o servidor de desafios l\u00e1 e hospedar sua documenta\u00e7\u00e3o usando Github Pages. Com isto pronto envie o trabalho de voc\u00eas via PR para o reposit\u00f3rio da disciplina. 

    {\"skill_id\": 4, \"metadata\": {\"date\": \"2022-09-01\", \"url\": \"http...\", \"group\": []}\n

    Os itens obrigat\u00f3rios s\u00e3o descritos nos itens abaixo.

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#itens-basicos-de-qualidade","title":"Itens b\u00e1sicos de qualidade","text":"
    • Adicionar um README ao projeto
      • Adicione uma descri\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto
      • Screenshot
      • Links para docs de Desenvolvimento e Usu\u00e1rio
    • Organizar pastas seguindo uma estrutura em que o c\u00f3digo est\u00e1 em src e a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o oficial em docs
    • Subir c\u00f3digo no Github
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#qualidade-de-codigo","title":"Qualidade de c\u00f3digo","text":"

    Nosso c\u00f3digo est\u00e1 mal formatado e tem v\u00e1rias pr\u00e1ticas ruins de programa\u00e7\u00e3o. O pylint detecta estes problemas e d\u00e1 uma nota para seu c\u00f3digo. Melhore a nota do Servidor de Desafios eliminando estes problemas do c\u00f3digo. Alguns dos problemas s\u00e3o de resolu\u00e7\u00e3o simples e podem ser feitos por ferramentas, mas outros requerem uma aten\u00e7\u00e3o \"humana\"

    Ele n\u00e3o precisa estar 100%, mas voc\u00ea precisa eliminar grande parte dos erros mais bizarros. Ap\u00f3s fazer as corre\u00e7\u00f5es crie um novo commit e prossiga.

    Danger

    Certifique-se que o projeto continua funcionando! Alguns erros, como usar exec ou eval s\u00e3o inerentes ao projeto e n\u00e3o podem ser \"consertados\".

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#documentacao","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    O mkdocs \u00e9 uma ferramenta de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software para gerar uma p\u00e1gina web de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o para o projeto. Vamos us\u00e1-lo para documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvimento e de usu\u00e1rio do nosso projeto.

    Tip

    O mkdocs possui v\u00e1rios temas. Escolha um que voc\u00ea goste.

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#documentacao-de-usuario","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio","text":"

    Os seguintes itens devem estar presentes:

    • Uma p\u00e1gina inicial descrevendo o projeto e explicando seu uso esperado. Inclua links e screenshots do software rodando.
    • Uma p\u00e1gina de guia de usu\u00e1rio para alunos. Este guia dever\u00e1 mostrar passo a passo as seguintes tarefa
      • entrar no servidor de desafios
      • enviar solu\u00e7\u00e3o correta para desafio
      • enviar solu\u00e7\u00e3o errada
    • Uma p\u00e1gina de guia de usu\u00e1rio para professores. Ela dever\u00e1 descrever:
      • como adicionar usu\u00e1rios (usando os arquivos users.csv e add_user.py)
      • como adicionar novos desafios (linha de comando mesmo)
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/#documentacao-de-desenvolvimento","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvimento","text":"

    As seguintes informa\u00e7\u00f5es devem estar presentes:

    • como configurar ambiente de desenvolvimento
    • instala\u00e7\u00e3o do software
    • estrutura do c\u00f3digo em alto n\u00edvel
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api-e-linters","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#servidor-de-desafios","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":"
    • Arquitetura
    • Qualidade de c\u00f3digo
    • Seguran\u00e7a
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#software-tem-historia-e-depende-de-pessoas-para-evoluir","title":"Software tem hist\u00f3ria e depende de pessoas para evoluir","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#codigo-vs-software-profissional","title":"C\u00f3digo vs software profissional","text":"

    Os seguintes pontos transformam um c\u00f3digo que fiz para mim em algo \u00fatil para outras pessoas

    1. Tradu\u00e7\u00f5es e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (datas)
    2. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio e de desenvolvimento
    3. Algum processo de qualidade de software
      • testes automatizados
      • formata\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo e estrutura de repo
    4. pacotes de instala\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    • Ferramentas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API usando
    • Padr\u00f5es de formata\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo
      • linters
      • PEP8
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":"

    Objetivo: explicar o funcionamento das fun\u00e7\u00f5es, classes e m\u00f3dulos de um programa.

    • Focado em detalhes
    • Documenta os argumentos esperados e em quais situa\u00e7\u00f5es a fun\u00e7\u00e3o funciona
    • Tipicamente obtida direto do c\u00f3digo
    • N\u00e3o detalha como as fun\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o usadas em conjunto
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api_2","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":"

    ref

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#ferramentas","title":"Ferramentas","text":"
    • Python:
      • pydoc, numpydoc
    • C/C++
      • Doxygen
    • Java
      • Javadoc

    Em geral podem ser plugadas em alguma ferramenta de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos.

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao_1","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao_2","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    • Cada projeto tem o seu
    • Algumas linguagens tem um estilo padr\u00e3o
      • Python - PEP8
    • Ferramentas ajudam a conferir (for\u00e7ar) um estilo espec\u00edfico
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#ferramentas_1","title":"Ferramentas","text":"
    • Python: pylint, black
    • C/C++: splint, cppchecker, gcc (op\u00e7\u00f5es -Wall, -Wextra)
    • Java: flag -Xlint
    • Javascript: ESlint, TSlint (typescript)
    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":"

    Ajudam a manter c\u00f3digo limpo e leg\u00edvel. Podem ser plugadas no seu editor favorito.

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#execucao-obrigatoria-para-muitos-projetos-grandes","title":"Execu\u00e7\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3ria para muitos projetos grandes","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#atividade-pratica-projeto-profissional","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Projeto profissional","text":"

    Objetivo: Transformar um c\u00f3digo perdido em um projeto \"completo\"

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"github pages criado\", \"group\": [\"ate tr\u00eas\", \"alunos\"]}

    "},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#documentacao-de-api-testes","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API + testes","text":""},{"location":"aulas/05-projeto-profissional/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/","title":"06 - Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":"

    Nesta aula complementaremos as \u00faltimas discuss\u00f5es criando um pequeno pacote Python instal\u00e1vel via pip. Com isto chegamos mais perto de um projeto que esteja preparado para que outras pessoas o utilizem e colaborem em seu desenvolvimento.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#distribuindo-software-para-desenvolvedores-pacote-python-basico","title":"Distribuindo software para desenvolvedores: pacote Python b\u00e1sico","text":"

    Nosso m\u00f3dulo se chamar\u00e1 dev_aberto e disponibilizar\u00e1 um programa execut\u00e1vel hello.py. Crie a seguinte estrutura de pastas para nosso pacote.

    Important

    Baixe os arquivos que usaremos neste link

    pacote_exemplo/\n    dev_aberto/\n        __init__.py\n        dev_aberto.py\n    scripts/\n        hello.py\n    README.md\n    LICENSE\n

    Exercise

    com a estrutura acima, qual seria o import a ser feito para usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o hello do arquivo dev_aberto.py?

    Exercise

    Pesquise para que serve o arquivo __init__.py e use-o para permitir importar hello usando somente import dev_aberto.

    Exercise

    Crie um projeto no github para esta atividade. Fa\u00e7a um primeiro commit nele com o conte\u00fado \"zerado\" do projeto.

    • Um arquivo README contendo uma frase de descri\u00e7\u00e3o do pacote e um link para o reposit\u00f3rio da disciplina.
    • Um arquivo LICENSE com a licen\u00e7a MIT.
    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#o-arquivo-setuppy","title":"O arquivo setup.py","text":"

    A descri\u00e7\u00e3o de um pacote Python \u00e9 feita usando um arquivo setup.py Veja abaixo uma vers\u00e3o inicial deste arquivo:

    from setuptools import setup\n\nsetup(name='dev_aberto_seunome',\n      version='0.1',\n      packages=['dev_aberto']\n      )\n

    Exercise

    Crie o arquivo acima no seu projeto, substituindo seunome por .... seu nome. Instale o seu pr\u00f3prio pacote usando

    pip install .

    Exercise

    Em outra pasta, abra um console Python e tente importar seu m\u00f3dulo.

    Exercise

    Pesquise quais argumentos s\u00e3o usados para especificar o autor do pacote, as vers\u00f5es de Python e sistemas operacionais suportados. Preencha estes valores com suas informa\u00e7\u00f5es. Note que o pip leva estas informa\u00e7\u00f5es em conta e s\u00f3 instalar\u00e1 um pacote se ele estiver em um ambiente suportado.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#dependencias","title":"Depend\u00eancias","text":"

    Para adicionar pacotes que s\u00e3o automaticamente instalados quando instalamos nosso pacote precisamos identific\u00e1-los no nosso arquivo setup.py. Para adicionar uma depend\u00eancia de instala\u00e7\u00e3o basta adicionar o seguinte argumento:

        ...\n    install_requires=[\n        'pacote>=1.0',\n        'pacote2'\n    ],\n    ...\n

    Exercise

    Verifique as depend\u00eancias do c\u00f3digo e adicione-as no setup.py.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#requirementstxt","title":"requirements.txt","text":"

    Muitos softwares usam tamb\u00e9m um arquivo requirements.txt para listar todas as depend\u00eancias do software de modo a obter uma instala\u00e7\u00e3o id\u00eantica \u00e0 do desenvolvedor. Isto \u00e9 importante para uniformizar os ambientes de desenvolvimento. Ou seja, este arquivo nunca ser\u00e1 usado por usu\u00e1rios finais.

    Exercise

    Crie um requirements.txt para seu projeto com as mesmas depend\u00eancias listadas no seu setup.py.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#scripts-executaveis","title":"Scripts execut\u00e1veis","text":"

    Al\u00e9m de instalar o nosso m\u00f3dulo para uso via import desejamos tamb\u00e9m disponibilizar o arquivo hello.py como um execut\u00e1vel para todo o sistema. Isto pode ser feito adicionando a seguinte linha no nosso setup.py indicando que scripts/hello.py dever\u00e1 ser instalado como um execut\u00e1vel. 

        ...\n    scripts=['scripts/hello.py'],\n    ...\n

    N\u00e3o se esque\u00e7a de adicionar a seguinte linha no topo de seu arquivo para que ele possa ser executado diretamente do shell:

    #!/usr/bin/env python3\n

    No Windows \u00e9 criado um execut\u00e1vel que chama nosso script, de modo que as chamdas do execut\u00e1vel continuar\u00e3o funcionando normalmente. Note que isto n\u00e3o cria menus em nenhum tipo de interface gr\u00e1fica.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#criando-arquivos-de-distribuicao","title":"Criando arquivos de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Dois tipos de arquivos de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o podem ser usados:

    • sdist: \u00e9 um arquivo contendo os fontes do projeto, incluindo arquivos adicionais especificados usando o argumento data_files. Usado se seu projeto for Python-puro.
    • wheel: \u00e9 um formato pr\u00e9-compilado e espec\u00edfico para cada plataforma. Mais usado quando o projeto cont\u00e9m extens\u00f5es em C.

    A cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um arquivo de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de fontes \u00e9 bem simples:

    > python setup.py sdist\n

    A instala\u00e7\u00e3o deste pacote pode ser feita via pip.

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#envio-para-o-pypi","title":"Envio para o PyPI","text":"

    Vamos agora enviar nosso pacote para o Python Package Index para que ele possa ser instalado diretamente via pip. Para n\u00e3o poluir o reposit\u00f3rio com pacotes tempor\u00e1rios e de teste, podemos usar o TestPyPI. Toda sua infraestrutura \u00e9 igual ao oficial, mas ele \u00e9 limpo de maneira regular.

    Visite https://test.pypi.org/account/register/ e registre-se no TestPyPI.

    Ap\u00f3s o registro, usaremos o pacote twine (instal\u00e1vel via pip) para fazer o upload:

    > twine upload --repository-url https://test.pypi.org/legacy/ dist/*\n

    Voc\u00ea poder\u00e1, ent\u00e3o, instalar seu pacote a partir do test PyPI usando o seguinte comando:

    > pip install --index-url https://test.pypi.org/simple/ my_hello_nome\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Pacote Python e inclua nela a url do seu reposit\u00f3rio no github.

    Objetivo: Primeira experi\u00eancia distribuindo software Python.

    \"skill_id\": 6, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-seu-pacote\"}

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#distribuindo-software-para-usuarios-finais","title":"Distribuindo software para usu\u00e1rios finais","text":"

    Vamos agora trabalhar (em grupo) no Servidor de Desafios novamente. Seu trabalho ser\u00e1 criar um Dockerfile que roda o software de maneira \"completa\". Ou seja, o script de cria\u00e7\u00e3o do container dever\u00e1

    • instalar todas as depend\u00eancias do sistema
    • criar a base de dados, se necess\u00e1rio
    • adicionar os usu\u00e1rios presentes no arquivo users.csv, se necess\u00e1rio
    • executar o servidor e serv\u00ed-lo na porta 8080 do host
    • manter os dados adicionados ao reiniciar o container
    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#entrega_1","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Dockerfile segundo o modelo abaixo.

    Objetivo: Criou deploy automatizado para sistema web Python

    \"skill_id\": 7, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-servidor-de-desafios\", \"group\": [\"login1\", \"login2\"]}

    "},{"location":"aulas/06-distribuicao-software/#referencias","title":"Refer\u00eancias","text":"

    Algumas refer\u00eancias que podem ser \u00fateis:

    • https://docker-curriculum.com/
    • https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/","title":"07 - Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Na parte expositiva da aula tivemos uma introdu\u00e7\u00e3o aos problemas de Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (i18n) e Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o (L10N). Neste roteiro iremos praticar o uso destas t\u00e9cnicas em uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o linha de comando de exemplo simples.

    Em ambos exemplos vamos trabalhar com o m\u00f3dulo Babel, que \u00e9 feito para facilitar a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de aplica\u00e7\u00f5es feitas em Python. Outras linguagens de programa\u00e7\u00e3o possuem bibliotecas similares que seguem a mesma sequ\u00eancia de comandos e usam os mesmos tipos de arquivos.

    Sistemas POSIX suportam a determina\u00e7\u00e3o do locale utilizado por meio da vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LANGUAGE, que pode ser modificada para cada execu\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa. O formato padr\u00e3o usado \u00e9 <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>. Para portugu\u00eas do Brasil usando codifica\u00e7\u00e3o UTF8 usamos o locale pt_BR.utf8. Rodando o seguinte comando as mensagens de ajuda do ls devem aparecer em ingl\u00eas.

    LANGUAGE=en_US.utf8 ls --help

    J\u00e1 executando o comando abaixo elas devem aparecer em portugu\u00eas.

    LANGUAGE=pt_BR.utf8 ls --help

    De maneira mais geral, existe uma s\u00e9rie de vari\u00e1veis LC_* que controlam qual locale \u00e9 usado para determinado tipo de dados. Veremos a seguir como usar LC_TIME e LC_NUMERIC para controlar como datas e n\u00fameros s\u00e3o exibidos e LANGUAGE para definir a lingua de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#localizando-um-programa-em-python","title":"Localizando um programa em Python","text":"

    Vamos trabalhar com uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de linha de comando que nada mais faz que imprimir alguns dados simples como data em extenso, um n\u00famero fracion\u00e1rio grande e uma mensagem pr\u00e9-definida. O c\u00f3digo completo (arquivo cli.py) est\u00e1 abaixo.

    from datetime import date\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    today = date.today()\n    print(today)\n\n    number = 240000000000.32212\n    print(number)\n\n    name = input('Input your name: ')\n    print('Hello {}'.format(name))\n
    Uma sa\u00edda poss\u00edvel seria

    2018-08-28\n240000000000.3221\nInput your name: Igor\nHello Igor\n

    Como j\u00e1 visto em aula, este programa re\u00fane tr\u00eas das principais sa\u00eddas que precisam ser formatadas: datas, n\u00fameros fracion\u00e1rios e mensagens para o usu\u00e1rio.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#formatando-datas","title":"Formatando datas","text":"

    A formata\u00e7\u00e3o de datas \u00e9 governada para vari\u00e1vel LC_TIME. O m\u00f3dulo babel.dates j\u00e1 possui diversas fun\u00e7\u00f5es que automaticamente a utilizam para fazer a localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de vari\u00e1veis do tipo Date (usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o format_date) ou DateTime (usando format_datetime).

    Exercise

    Pesquise como usar estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e utilize-as no seu programa para localizar a data por extenso (ou seja, 31 de agosto de 2021).

    Exercise

    O qu\u00ea acontece quando definimos a vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LC_TIME=en_US.utf8 e rodamos o programa? E se usamos LC_TIME=pt_BR.utf8?

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#formatando-numeros","title":"Formatando n\u00fameros","text":"

    A formata\u00e7\u00e3o de datas \u00e9 governada para vari\u00e1vel LC_NUMERIC. O m\u00f3dulo babel.numbers possui a fun\u00e7\u00e3o format_number que formata um n\u00famero de acordo com esta configura\u00e7\u00e3o.

    Exercise

    Pesquise como usar estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e utilize-as no seu programa para localizar o n\u00famero fracion\u00e1rio mostrado.

    Exercise

    Teste seu programa com LC_NUMERIC=en_US.utf8 e LC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.utf8. Os efeitos s\u00e3o os esperados?s

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#traduzindo-mensagens","title":"Traduzindo mensagens","text":"

    A parte final consiste em criar tradu\u00e7\u00f5es das duas strings presentes no texto. A linguagem usada \u00e9 definida pela vari\u00e1vel LANGUAGE, que pode ser definida separadamente para cada processo. Um dos pontos mais importantes \u00e9 marcar quais strings dever\u00e3o ser traduzidas para que uma equipe de tradutores n\u00e3o precise mexer no c\u00f3digo. O m\u00f3dulo gettext do Python j\u00e1 prov\u00ea suporte a esta funcionalidade, o Babel apenas fornece um conjunto de ferramentas que facilita seu uso.

    A implanta\u00e7\u00e3o do framework de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita em quatro passos:

    1. Marca\u00e7\u00e3o das strings a serem traduzidas
    2. Extra\u00e7\u00e3o destas strings do c\u00f3digo em um arquivo modelo .pot
    3. Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es .po a partir do modelo criado no passo anterior
    4. Compila\u00e7\u00e3o das strings traduzidas em um arquivo bin\u00e1rio .mo

    No arquivo principal de nossa aplica\u00e7\u00e3o podemos \"instalar\" o framework de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e marcar todas nossas strings a serem traduzidas com a fun\u00e7\u00e3o _(). A instala\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita pelo seguinte trecho de c\u00f3digo.

    import gettext\ngettext.install('cli', localedir='locale') \n# cli \u00e9 o nome do arquivo em que guardamos nossas tradu\u00e7\u00f5es\n# localedir \u00e9 o caminho onde est\u00e3o armazenadas as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es. Pode ser um caminho relativo. \n

    Devemos ent\u00e3o marcar todas as strings para serem traduzidas com _(). Podemos usar _() em qualquer arquivo do projeto, mesmo que a instala\u00e7\u00e3o tenha sido feita somente no arquivo principal.

    print(_(\"Hello!\"))\n

    Os passos seguintes s\u00e3o feitos com aux\u00edlio do Babel, que efetivamente analisa nosso c\u00f3digo Python e extrai as strings para tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. A cria\u00e7\u00e3o do arquivo modelo de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o a partir dos arquivos do diret\u00f3rio atual \u00e9 feita com o seguinte comando.

    $ pybabel extract . -o cli-model.pot

    Criamos ent\u00e3o uma nova tradu\u00e7\u00e3o usando o seguinte comando. A op\u00e7\u00e3o -D indica o nome do arquivo em que as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es ser\u00e3o guardadas (usado em gettext.install). A op\u00e7\u00e3o -l indica o locale da tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. A op\u00e7\u00e3o -d indica o localedir usado em gettext.install.

    $ pybabel init -i cli-model.pot -D cli -l pt_BR -d locale

    Devemos ent\u00e3o editar o arquivo criado em locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/cli.po. Ser\u00e3o apresentados (ap\u00f3s algumas linhas de coment\u00e1rios) pares de linhas como as seguintes. O primeiro valor msgid \u00e9 a string a ser traduzida e o segundo msgstr \u00e9 a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o no locale pt_BR (pois o arquivo est\u00e1 na pasta pt_BR do localedir). 

    msgid \"Input your name: \"\nmsgstr \"\"\n

    Apesar de ser poss\u00edvel fazer tudo diretamente no arquivo de texto, \u00e9 mais conveniente usar softwares como o poedit ou este editor online(https://localise.biz/free/poeditor).

    Com as strings traduzidas vamos finalmente compilar nossos resultados. Isto \u00e9 feito para que n\u00e3o seja poss\u00edvel mexer nos arquivos de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o em uma vers\u00e3o Release do programa.

    $ pybabel compile -D cli -l pt_BR -d locale

    Isto gerar\u00e1 os arquivos .mo correspondentes a ao locale pt_BR. S\u00e3o estes os arquivos carregados durante a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do programa.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#teste-final","title":"Teste final","text":"

    Podemos definir a vari\u00e1vel LANGUAGE para modificar a lingua de um programa (como visto anteriormente com ls). Execute seu programa diretamente e depois setando LANGUAGE=pt_BR.utf8. Os resultados foram os esperados?

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Modifique o exerc\u00edcio da aula passada (pacote python) para suportar datas e mensagens em Ingl\u00eas e Portugu\u00eas. Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica segundo o modelo abaixo.

    Objetivo: Aplicou ferramentas de localiza\u00e7\u00e3o para traduzir um programa simples em linha de comando.

    \"skill_id\": 8, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-pacote-python\"}

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/#traduzindo-no-mundo-real","title":"Traduzindo no mundo real","text":"

    Agora que voc\u00ea j\u00e1 conhece os passos necess\u00e1rios para traduzir um software \u00e9 o momento de colocar esse conhecimento em pr\u00e1tica. O trabalho de seu grupo ser\u00e1 encontrar softwares que necessitem de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es para o Portugu\u00eas brasileiro e realiz\u00e1-las. Alguns projetos tamb\u00e9m disponibilizam arquivos *.po para tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de guias de usu\u00e1rio e isto tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 v\u00e1lido neste item.

    • GNOME - sistema de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es
    • KDE - status de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es e brasileiros tradutores.
    • Inkscape
    • Openshot
    • Elementary Linux
    • Aplicativos m\u00f3veis livres no fdroid.org

    Ao ter tradu\u00e7\u00f5es aceitas por um projeto voc\u00eas receber\u00e3o a skill Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o aceita!

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#localizacao-e-internacionalizacao-de-software","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#traducao-de-software","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#qual-a-diferenca-de-internacionalizacao-e-localizacao","title":"Qual a diferen\u00e7a de internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#internacionalizacao-i18n","title":"Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (I18N)","text":"

    • Consiste em traduzir a interface de usu\u00e1rio de um software para outros idiomas.

    • Sistema Operacional guarda configura\u00e7\u00f5es de idioma e as disponibiliza para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es

    • Tipicamente \"invis\u00edvel\"

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#localizacao-l10n","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o (L10N)","text":"

    Consiste em adaptar a maneira de mostrar

    • n\u00fameros fracion\u00e1rios
      • marcador de decimais
      • marcador de milhares
    • datas
      • nomes de meses
      • ordem de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o
    • nomes de pa\u00edses, fusos hor\u00e1rios, etc

    de acordo com as prefer\u00eancias de um usu\u00e1rio e relativos a sua cultura.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#i18n-e-l10n","title":"I18N e L10N","text":"

    Precisam ser

    • independentes:
      • idioma ingl\u00eas e datas no formato brasileiro
    • configur\u00e1veis
      • posso precisar trocar entre l\u00ednguas e entre formatos
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#o-suporte-a-l10n-e-i18n-implica-modificar-codigo-fonte","title":"O suporte a L10N e I18N implica modificar c\u00f3digo fonte.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#locales","title":"Locales","text":"

    Um locale \u00e9 uma tripla

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_1","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"
    <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_2","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    que representa configura\u00e7\u00f5es de I18N e/ou L10N para uma determinada cultura.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#locales_1","title":"Locales","text":"

    Exemplos:

    • Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de File:
      • pt = Ficheiro
      • pt_BR = Arquivo
    • Formato de datas:
      • en_US: MM/DD/YY
      • en_GB: DD/MM/YY
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#posso-usar-locales-diferentes-para-a-lingua-da-interface-de-usuario-e-para-mostrar-datas","title":"Posso usar locales diferentes para a l\u00edngua da interface de usu\u00e1rio e para mostrar datas.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#configuracoes-possiveis-linux","title":"Configura\u00e7\u00f5es poss\u00edveis (Linux)","text":"
    # sa\u00edda do comando locale\nLANG=en_US.UTF-8\nLC_CTYPE=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TIME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_COLLATE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MONETARY=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MESSAGES=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_PAPER=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_NAME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_ADDRESS=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TELEPHONE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MEASUREMENT=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_IDENTIFICATION=pt_BR.UTF-8\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#implementando-suporte-a-l10n","title":"Implementando suporte a L10N","text":"
    1. Baixar uma biblioteca de Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o
    2. Encontrar todas as exibi\u00e7\u00f5es de n\u00fameros, datas, etc
    3. Pr\u00e9-process\u00e1-las usando fun\u00e7\u00f5es da biblioteca
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_3","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"
    # Antes \nprint('Numero:', 10.5) \n# Depois\nprint('Numero', format_number(10.5))\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_4","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    N\u00e3o \u00e9 complicado, mas \u00e9 trabalhoso

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n","title":"Suporte a I18N","text":"

    Envolve 4 etapas:

    1. Marcar todas strings que devem ser traduzidas
    2. Extra\u00ed-las do c\u00f3digo fonte
    3. Criar um arquivo de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es para cada locale suportado
    4. Empacotar as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es junto com o programa
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_5","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    \u00c9 um pouco mais complicado, mas pode ser integrado ao processo de compila\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-posix","title":"Suporte a I18N (POSIX)","text":"

    Sistemas POSIX suportam determina\u00e7\u00e3o de lingua e locale usando vari\u00e1veis de ambiente.

    • LANG para l\u00edngua
    • LC_TIME para data
    • LC_NUMERIC para n\u00fameros

    Um locale sempre \u00e9 expresso no formato 

    <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-posix_1","title":"Suporte a I18N (POSIX)","text":"

    O comando locale mostra todas as op\u00e7\u00f5es dispon\u00edveis:

    # sa\u00edda do comando locale\nLANG=en_US.UTF-8\nLC_CTYPE=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TIME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_COLLATE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MONETARY=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MESSAGES=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_PAPER=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_NAME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_ADDRESS=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TELEPHONE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MEASUREMENT=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_IDENTIFICATION=pt_BR.UTF-8\n
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-web","title":"Suporte a I18N (Web)","text":"

    Existem diversas maneiras de determinar um bom locale em sistemas Web:

    • Cabe\u00e7alho HTTP Accept-Language inclui as linguagens de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o suportadas pelo browser do visitante.
    • Geolocaliza\u00e7\u00e3o via IP
    • Prefer\u00eancia armazenada em banco de dados
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#_6","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#web-e-desktop-usam-as-mesmas-tecnologias-l10n-e-i18n","title":"Web e desktop usam as mesmas tecnologias (l10n e i18n)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-em-python","title":"Suporte a I18N (em Python)","text":"
    • M\u00f3dulo gettext da biblioteca padr\u00e3o
    • M\u00f3dulo datetime aceita o uso de locales
    • M\u00f3dulo babel faz I18N e L10N
    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#atividade-pratica-traducao-basica","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica","text":"

    Objetivo: usar o m\u00f3dulo Babel para traduzir uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do terminal.

    "},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#localizacao-e-internacionalizacao-de-software_1","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/07-localizacao/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/","title":"08 - Testes automatizados","text":"

    O objetivo da atividade de hoje \u00e9 criar testes automatizados para o servidor de desafios. Com isso completamos nossa jornada rumo a software que possa ser desenvolvido de maneira colaborativa e que possa ser usado em situa\u00e7\u00f5es reais.

    1. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o (usu\u00e1rios e desenvolvedor)
    2. Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de software e versionamento
    3. Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o
    4. Testes automatizados
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/#testes-de-unidade","title":"Testes de unidade","text":"

    Uma parte do programa do servidor de desafios que pode ser testada com testes de unidade \u00e9 a fun\u00e7\u00e3o lambda_handler, que executa a fun\u00e7\u00e3o submetida pelo usu\u00e1rio. Seu trabalho ser\u00e1 criar testes usando o pytest e cobrir os seguintes casos:

    • programa submetido est\u00e1 correto
    • programa submetido n\u00e3o cont\u00e9m a fun\u00e7\u00e3o pedida
    • programa submetido retorna resultado incorreto
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/#testes-de-interface-de-usuario","title":"Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio","text":"

    Iremos criar testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio para o Servidor de Desafios usando o Selenium. Este software permite imitar intera\u00e7\u00f5es reais de um usu\u00e1rio usando c\u00f3digo e criar testes baseado nessas intera\u00e7\u00f5es.

    Voc\u00eas devem simular os seguintes cen\u00e1rios:

    • Aluno faz login com sucesso
    • Aluno entra senha incorreta
    • Aluno envia desafio com resposta incorreta
    • Aluno envia desafio com resposta correta

    A ideia b\u00e1sica seria reproduzir os mesmos testes apresentados no manual do usu\u00e1rio.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Coloquem os scripts de teste na pasta test do reposit\u00f3rio e adicionem instru\u00e7\u00f5es de como rodar os testes no README.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/index_2022/","title":"08 - Testes automatizados","text":"

    O objetivo da atividade de hoje \u00e9 criar testes automatizados para um projeto espec\u00edfico de software. Com isso completamos nossa jornada rumo a software que possa ser desenvolvido de maneira colaborativa e que possa ser usado em situa\u00e7\u00f5es reais.

    1. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o (usu\u00e1rios e desenvolvedor)
    2. Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de software e versionamento
    3. Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o
    4. Testes automatizados
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/index_2022/#biblioteca-para-implementacao-de-agentes-baseados-em-busca","title":"Biblioteca para implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de agentes baseados em busca","text":"

    O projeto AI Code implementa uma biblioteca que possui diversos algoritmos de busca pr\u00e9-prontos e alguns exemplos de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o.

    Os exemplos de utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o j\u00e1 possuem arquivos de teste usando a biblioteca pytest, mas podem estar incompletos ou at\u00e9 mesmo errados.

    As implementa\u00e7\u00f5es dos algoritmos de busca, da biblioteca em si, n\u00e3o possuem testes. Estes algoritmos est\u00e3o implementados no arquivo SearchAlgoritms.py.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/index_2022/#atividades","title":"Atividades","text":"
    • Fa\u00e7a um fork do projeto;
    • Leia a documenta\u00e7\u00e3o para entender os exemplos e o prop\u00f3sito da biblioteca;
    • Revise os testes;
    • Implemente ou altere 3 novos testes para um dos exemplos apresentados na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Justifique o motivo da sua nova implementa\u00e7\u00e3o ou altera\u00e7\u00e3o no pull request;
    • Implemente 3 novos testes para os algoritmos base da biblioteca. Fa\u00e7a isto em um pull request diferente do anterior.

    Al\u00e9m da implementa\u00e7\u00e3o dos testes, uma outra alternativa \u00e9 executar o pylint e sugerir mudan\u00e7as na formata\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo dos arquivos search/SearchAlgorithms.py, search/Graph.py e ProblemSpecificationExample.py.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/index_2022/#formato-de-entrega","title":"Formato de entrega","text":"

    Para a entrega do exerc\u00edcio voc\u00ea dever\u00e1:

    • implementar os dois conjuntos de testes, ou;
    • implementar um dos conjuntos de testes e as modifica\u00e7\u00f5es sugeridas pelo pylint.

    Esta atividade deve ser individual. Os PRs devem ser enviados e discutidos ao longo desta semana.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-automatizados","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#projeto-profissional","title":"Projeto profissional","text":"
    • Qualidade de c\u00f3digo
      • Linting - formata\u00e7\u00e3o e erros comuns
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
      • Usu\u00e1rio
      • Desenvolvedor
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#projeto-profissional_1","title":"Projeto profissional","text":"
    • Qualidade de c\u00f3digo
      • Linting - formata\u00e7\u00e3o e erros comuns
      • O c\u00f3digo funciona?
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
      • Usu\u00e1rio
      • Desenvolvedor
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#meu-programa-funciona","title":"Meu programa funciona?","text":"
    • Sob quais condi\u00e7\u00f5es?
    • Em quais plataformas?
    • Quais opera\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o suportadas?
    • Consigo conferir o resultado de uma execu\u00e7\u00e3o? Se sim, existe um valor de refer\u00eancia?
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-automatizados_1","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"

    Ideia: escrever um programa que verifica se um outro programa responde como esperado

    • Definir situa\u00e7\u00f5es a serem testadas ...
    • e o resultado esperado em cada situa\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-automatizados_2","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"

    N\u00e3o ajudam:

    • a revelar novos bugs
    • a garantir que um software \u00e9 livre de bugs

    Ajudam

    • a evitar que bugs descobertos voltem
    • a evitar que mudan\u00e7as n\u00e3o intencionais quebrem c\u00f3digo que estava funcionando.
    • a documentar em quais situa\u00e7\u00f5es o software funciona.
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-automatizados_3","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"
    1. Testes de unidade
    2. Testes de integra\u00e7\u00e3o
    3. Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-unitarios","title":"Testes unit\u00e1rios","text":"

    Ideia: dada uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, verificar se ela devolve o valor esperado para um certo conjunto de par\u00e2metros.

    • Testa as fun\u00e7\u00f5es de maneira isolada
    • Cobertura: porcentagem das linhas de c\u00f3digo que \u00e9 executada durante os testes de unidade.
    • Serve como documenta\u00e7\u00e3o da fun\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-unitarios-pytest","title":"Testes unit\u00e1rios - pytest","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-de-integracao","title":"Testes de integra\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Ideia: dados um conjunto de classes com interdepend\u00eancias, verificar se elas funcionam bem em conjunto.

    • Testa intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre em objetos
    • Possibilidade de criar mocks, que s\u00e3o objetos falsos feitos para simular a intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre v\u00e1rios objetos.
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-de-interface-de-usuario","title":"Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio","text":"

    Ideia: simula a\u00e7\u00f5es do usu\u00e1rio (cliques, entrada de dados, etc) e confere se a sa\u00edda esperada \u00e9 mostrada na tela

    • Menos espec\u00edfico poss\u00edvel
    • Mais fiel ao uso real de um usu\u00e1rio
    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#testes-de-interface-de-usuario_1","title":"Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#selenium","title":"Selenium","text":"

    Permite fazer scripts que interagem com uma p\u00e1gina web, realizando entrada de dados, rolagem de tela e cliques. Cada assert pode ser feito com o conte\u00fado de um objeto da p\u00e1gina.

    "},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#o-que-eu-preciso-testar","title":"O qu\u00ea eu preciso testar?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#_1","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#o-que-eu-preciso-testar_1","title":"O qu\u00ea eu preciso testar?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#ninguem-sabe","title":"Ningu\u00e9m sabe....","text":""},{"location":"aulas/08-testes-automatizados/slides/#atividade-pratica-testado-e-aprovado","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Testado e aprovado","text":"

    Objetivo: Primeira experi\u00eancia com testes automatizado de c\u00f3digo.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-servidor-desafios\", \"group\": [\"igual\", \"6\"]}

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/","title":"09 - Trabalho sobre cultura livre","text":"

    Esta aula n\u00e3o tem atividade pr\u00e1tica. As discuss\u00f5es s\u00e3o feitas durante a aula expositiva.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/","title":"Cultura de software livre","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#cultura-de-software-livre","title":"Cultura de software livre","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#atividade","title":"Atividade","text":"

    Cultura livre: fazer uma pesquisa profunda e apresentar semin\u00e1rio sobre licen\u00e7as de software e casos recentes em que licen\u00e7as tem papel de destaque

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#sua-apresentacao-precisa-ter-alguma-forma-de-interacao-com-a-audiencia","title":"Sua apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o precisa ter alguma forma de intera\u00e7\u00e3o com a audi\u00eancia","text":"
    • debate
    • painel com vota\u00e7\u00f5es
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#atividade-sugestoes-de-temas","title":"Atividade - sugest\u00f5es de temas","text":"

    • The new open-source economics (Yochai Benkler, 2005). O que mudou de 2005 para 2022?

    • There is no \"Linux\" platform.

    • Telemetria \u00e9 \"\u00e9tico\"? (exemplo VSCode e outros).

    • GitHub CoPilot \u00e9 \"\u00e9tico\"? Respeita licen\u00e7as de software?

    • Regulamenta\u00e7\u00f5es recentes na Europa sobre durabilidade de smartphones (bateria, right to repair, etc).

    • Maintainer burnout.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#atividade-datas-de-apresentacao","title":"Atividade - datas de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    • 17/11 - 2 trabalho
    • 22/11 - 2 trabalhos
    • 24/11 - 2 trabalhos
    • 29/11 - 2 trabalhos
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#45-minutos-de-apresentacaoatividade-10-minutos-para-perguntas","title":"45 minutos de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o/atividade + 10 minutos para perguntas","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    • Defini\u00e7\u00e3o de temas e datas de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Pr\u00e9via de 5 minutos do seu tema na pr\u00f3xima aula
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-cultura-livre/slides/#registrar-seu-grupo-escolha-de-tema-e-dia-de-apresentacao-na-issue-665","title":"Registrar seu grupo, escolha de tema e dia de apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o na issue #665","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/","title":"09 - Licen\u00e7as de Software","text":"

    Esta aula n\u00e3o tem atividade pr\u00e1tica. As discuss\u00f5es s\u00e3o feitas durante a aula expositiva.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software","title":"Licen\u00e7as de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#ate-agora","title":"At\u00e9 agora","text":"
    • Ferramentas de colabora\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Modifica\u00e7\u00f5es de c\u00f3digo
    • Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de UI e documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Distribui\u00e7ao de software
    • Teste de software

    ### Conte\u00fado t\u00e9cnico: ferramentas, fluxos de trabalho, etc

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software_1","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software_2","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software","text":"
    • Governam a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de um software
    • Cess\u00e3o de direitos do autor para outras pessoas
    • Listam quais permiss\u00f5es um usu\u00e1rio (n\u00e3o) tem
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#disclaimer","title":"Disclaimer","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#eu-nao-sou-especialista-em-direito-autoral-brasileiro-toda-informacao-disponibilizada-foi-fruto-de-pesquisa-e-nao-constitui-aconselhamento-legal","title":"Eu n\u00e3o sou especialista em direito autoral brasileiro. Toda informa\u00e7\u00e3o disponibilizada foi fruto de pesquisa e n\u00e3o constitui aconselhamento legal.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#distribuicao-de-software","title":"Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    Escrever software \u00e9 considerado um trabalho intelectual, estando ent\u00e3o sujeito \u00e0s leis de direitos autorais.

    • Essas leis s\u00e3o espec\u00edficas de cada pa\u00eds
    • Autoria vs explora\u00e7\u00e3o econ\u00f4mica
    • Engloba tanto c\u00f3digo fonte como bin\u00e1rios
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#direito-autoral-brasileiro","title":"Direito autoral brasileiro","text":"

    N\u00e3o \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio registro. N\u00e3o vale para ideias.

    • Direito moral:
      • assegura a autoria da obra ao autor original
      • integridade da obra
      • instransfer\u00edvel e irrevog\u00e1vel
    • Direito patrimonial:
      • explora\u00e7\u00e3o econ\u00f4mica da obra.
      • licenciado ou cedido
      • copyright em ingl\u00eas
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    O dono dos direitos autorais (patrimoniais) pode controlar:

    1. Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o, parcial ou total;
    2. Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de obras derivadas
    3. Reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o (execu\u00e7\u00e3o)
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_1","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-funcionario-trabalhando-para-uma-empresa-produz-sotfware-durante-o-expediente","title":"Um funcion\u00e1rio trabalhando para uma empresa produz sotfware durante o expediente.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_2","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-funcionario-trabalhando-para-uma-empresa-produz-sotfware-fora-do-expediente-e-decide-lancar-um-produto-nao-relacionado","title":"Um funcion\u00e1rio trabalhando para uma empresa produz sotfware fora do expediente e decide lan\u00e7ar um produto n\u00e3o relacionado.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_3","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-funcionario-trabalhando-para-uma-empresa-produz-sotfware-fora-do-expediente-e-decide-lancar-um-produto-concorrente","title":"Um funcion\u00e1rio trabalhando para uma empresa produz sotfware fora do expediente e decide lan\u00e7ar um produto concorrente.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_4","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-programador-faz-um-freelance-e-entrega-um-projeto-para-uma-empresa-ele-pode-reutilzar-parte-do-codigo-em-outros-projetos-para-outras-empresas","title":"Um programador faz um freelance e entrega um projeto para uma empresa. Ele pode reutilzar parte do c\u00f3digo em outros projetos (para outras empresas)?","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_5","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    De quem \u00e9 o c\u00f3digo nos seguintes cen\u00e1rios?

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-prestador-de-servicos-contratado-como-empresa-via-cnpj-participa-de-um-projeto-terceirizado-junto-com-outros-pjs","title":"Um prestador de servi\u00e7os (contratado como empresa via CNPJ) participa de um projeto terceirizado, junto com outros PJs.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#por-que-isto-e-importante_6","title":"Por que isto \u00e9 importante?","text":"

    Nenhum dos casos acima tem respostas fixas. Tudo depende de um monte de fatores jur\u00eddicos e do qu\u00ea cada um assinou. Alguns guias interessantes:

    • Association of Software Professionals
    • Start-se
    • Legal Nature - EULA
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#contexto-1-propriedade-intelectual-e-work-for-hire","title":"Contexto 1: Propriedade intelectual e work-for-hire","text":"
    • Contexto brasilero: \"Pela nossa lei de software, a n\u00e3o ser que expressamente dito o contr\u00e1rio, aquele que contrata o desenvolvimento \u00e9 titular original do software resultante\" [1]
    • Contexto americano: work-for-hire determina que software feito sob encomenda pertence a quem contratou o servi\u00e7o [2]

    Fontes 1 2

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#contexto-2-projetos-open-source","title":"Contexto 2: projetos open source","text":"

    Contributor License Agreement \u00e9 um documento de cess\u00e3o de copyright (direitos de explora\u00e7\u00e3o comercial).

    • D\u00e1 ao projeto uma licen\u00e7a n\u00e3o exclusiva (normalmente) e irrevog\u00e1vel para o projeto explorar sua contribui\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Mant\u00e9m autoria
    • Isenta o projeto de responsabilidades sobre suas contribui\u00e7\u00f5es
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#contexto-3-comercializacao-de-software","title":"Contexto 3: comercializa\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    End User License Agreement (EULA): Termo usado para aquelas condi\u00e7\u00f5es que (n\u00e3o lemos) aceitamos ao instalar software propriet\u00e1rio ou nos registramos em um site/servi\u00e7o.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#_1","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software","text":"

    Ignorado por aproximadamente 90% dos usu\u00e1rios (fonte)

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#end-user-license-agreement","title":"End User License Agreement","text":"

    E por algumas empresas... Fonte

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#end-user-license-agreement_1","title":"End User License Agreement","text":"

    Restri\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00edpicas encontradas em EULAs:

    • Software \u00e9 licenciado, n\u00e3o vendido;
    • \u00c9 proibido engenharia reversa
    • N\u00e3o pode modificar ou explorar limita\u00e7\u00f5es / vulnerabilidades
    • Isenta responsabilidades pelo (mau) uso do software
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#eula-servicos","title":"EULA (servi\u00e7os)","text":"

    Informa\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00edpicas encontradas em EULAs de servi\u00e7os:

    • Restri\u00e7\u00f5es de idade;
    • Uso dos dados coletados:
    • T\u00e9rmino unilateral do servi\u00e7o
    • Garantias de disponibilidade e responsabilidade

    Legal Nature - EULA

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#eula-aws","title":"EULA (AWS)","text":"

    fonte: https://aws.amazon.com/service-terms/

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_1","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"

    Richard Stallman fez um interpretador Lisp (MIT ~ 1985)

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_2","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"
    • Uma empresa chamada Symbolics licenciou o LISP do MIT para rodar em m\u00e1quinas como a acima
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_3","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"
    • Uma empresa chamada Symbolics licenciou o LISP do MIT para rodar em m\u00e1quinas como a acima
    • Fez modifica\u00e7\u00f5es no software
    • Deu um jeito de n\u00e3o devolv\u00ea-las para o MIT....
    • E eliminou a competi\u00e7\u00e3o...
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_4","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"
    • Stallman ficou #$@#$@#$@
    • e criou a primeira licen\u00e7a de software livre: Emacs General Public License
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#principal-caracteristica","title":"Principal caracter\u00edstica:","text":"
    1. Toda c\u00f3pia do programa dever\u00e1 estar acompanhada do c\u00f3digo fonte;
    2. Se uma modifica\u00e7\u00e3o do software for distribu\u00edda, ela dever\u00e1 estar sujeita aos mesmos termos do software original;
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia-1985","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria - 1985","text":"
    • GNU Manifesto: descrevia um esfor\u00e7o em criar um sistema completamente livre cujo destino estivesse nas m\u00e3os dos usu\u00e1rios
    • GNU/Hurd: todas as ferramentas de linha de comando das distribui\u00e7\u00f5es modernas vieram desse projeto
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia-1990","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria - 1990","text":"
    • Linus Torvalds tinha um kernel experimental \"pronto\".
    • Liberava uma vers\u00e3o nova toda semana;
    • Recebia contribui\u00e7\u00f5es de outros interessados.
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_5","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"

    Leitura complementar: Free Software, Free Society: Selected Essays of Richard M. Stallman.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#um-pouco-de-historia_6","title":"Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria","text":"

    Leitura complementar: Just for Fun: The Story of an Accidental Revolutionary, Linus Torvalds and David Diamond

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software-livre","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software (livre)","text":"

    Criadas pela Free Software Foundation visando garantir 4 liberdades para um usu\u00e1rio ao usar um software:

    1. Execu\u00e7\u00e3o sem restri\u00e7\u00f5es
    2. Estudo e modifica\u00e7\u00e3o do software;
    3. Redistribuir c\u00f3pias;
    4. Redistribuir c\u00f3pias das suas modifica\u00e7\u00f5es.

    Distribuir os fontes \u00e9 pr\u00e9-requisito dos itens 1 e 3!

    Chamadas tamb\u00e9m de rec\u00edprocas.

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software-livre_1","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software (livre)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software-livre-reciprocas","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software livre - rec\u00edprocas","text":"

    Copyleft: S\u00edmbolo \u00e9 o contr\u00e1rio do copyright, cujo objetivo seria restringir os usu\u00e1rios

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#open-source-iniciative","title":"Open Source Iniciative","text":"
    • Fundada para difundir um discurso menos anti-comercial e ideol\u00f3gico
    • Tamb\u00e9m difunde benef\u00edcios \"pragm\u00e1ticos\" do uso de software \"de c\u00f3digo aberto\"
    • Free causa confus\u00e3o em ingl\u00eas
      • Gr\u00e1tis (free as in beer)
      • Livre (free as in freedom)
    • Fundada por Eric Raymond e Bruce Perens
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software-de-codigo-aberto","title":"Licen\u00e7as de software de c\u00f3digo aberto","text":"

    Mais associadas a Open Source Iniciative, s\u00e3o consideradas menos \"ideol\u00f3gicas\".

    • Muitas vezes chamadas de permissivas;
    • Normalmente n\u00e3o garatem a liberdade 3;
    • Podem fazer outras pequenas exig\u00eancias ou restri\u00e7\u00f5es

    Exemplos: MIT, BSD

    • Permitem a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de software com partes propriet\u00e1rias
    • Permitem a venda e completo rebranding do software sem nenhuma contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o autor original.
    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-qual-usar","title":"Licen\u00e7as: qual usar?","text":"

    https://choosealicense.com/licenses/

    "},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#desafio-de-traducao","title":"Desafio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#skill-traducao-aceita-5xp-ao-menos-40-string-traduzidas","title":"Skill \"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o aceita!\" (5XP): Ao menos 40 string traduzidas","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#licencas-de-software_3","title":"Licen\u00e7as de Software","text":""},{"location":"aulas/09-licencas/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/","title":"10 - Minha primeira contribui\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Esta aula n\u00e3o tem atividade pr\u00e1tica guidada. Faremos aula est\u00fadio com atendimento para encontrar projetos e issues interessantes.

    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/","title":"Explorando seu projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#_1","title":"Explorando seu projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#contribuicao-de-codigo","title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#versao-20222-fabricio-barth-fabriciojbinsperedubr","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2022/2: Fabr\u00edcio Barth ( fabriciojb@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#minha-primeira-contribuicao-de-codigo","title":"Minha primeira contribui\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo","text":"

    Bons projetos usam tags para facilitar a recep\u00e7\u00e3o de novatos

    • good-first-issue
    • newcomers
    • low effort
    • difficulty novice
    • easy
    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#agregadores-de-projetos","title":"Agregadores de projetos","text":"
    • https://github.com/MunGell/awesome-for-beginners
    • https://www.codetriage.com/
    • https://up-for-grabs.net/
    • http://github-help-wanted.com/
    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#sugestao-i-pandas","title":"Sugest\u00e3o I - Pandas","text":"

    Biblioteca de tratamento de dados usada em Ci\u00eancia dos Dados.

    • Projeto complexo, com muitos casos de uso especiais
    • Toneladas de funcionalidades de visualiza\u00e7\u00e3o textual e gr\u00e1fica de dados
    • Python \u00e9 familiar para a maioria

    Tickets de testes s\u00e3o, em geral, f\u00e1ceis para come\u00e7ar e \u00fateis para a comunidade.

    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#sugestao-ii-escolha-seu-proprio-projeto","title":"Sugest\u00e3o II: Escolha seu pr\u00f3prio projeto :)","text":"
    • https://github.com/MunGell/awesome-for-beginners
    • https://www.codetriage.com/
    • https://up-for-grabs.net/
    • http://github-help-wanted.com/
    "},{"location":"aulas/10-minha-primeira-contribuicao/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    1. escolher issue e projeto
    2. montar ambiente
      • baixar c\u00f3digo
      • compilar
      • rodar sua vers\u00e3o
    3. reproduzir a issue
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/","title":"11 - Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es externas","text":"

    Esta aula n\u00e3o tem atividade pr\u00e1tica guidada, mas tem uma parte expositiva importante. N\u00e3o esque\u00e7a de olhar os slides de hoje para relembrar.

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#_1","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#dicas-de-debug","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#minha-primeira-contribuicao-de-codigo","title":"Minha primeira contribui\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#dicas-para-debugar-qualquer-coisa","title":"Dicas para debugar (qualquer coisa)","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#9-regras-de-debug","title":"9 regras de debug","text":"
    1. UNDERSTAND THE SYSTEM
    2. MAKE IT FAIL
    3. QUIT THINKING AND LOOK
    4. DIVIDE AND CONQUER
    5. CHANGE ONE THING AT A TIME
    6. KEEP AN AUDIT TRAIL
    7. CHECK THE PLUG
    8. GET A FRESH VIEW
    9. IF YOU DIDN'T FIX IT, IT AIN'T FIXED
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#1-understand-the-system","title":"1. Understand the system","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#nada-acontece-se-nao-conseguirmos","title":"Nada acontece se n\u00e3o conseguirmos","text":"
    1. Baixar a vers\u00e3o de desenvolvimento
    2. Instalar todas as depend\u00eancias
    3. Compilar nossa pr\u00f3pria vers\u00e3o
    4. Rodar testes na vers\u00e3o do master
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#1-understand-the-system_1","title":"1. Understand the system","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#ferramentas-importantes","title":"Ferramentas importantes:","text":"
    1. Virtual environments: venv, virtualenv, pipenv, conda
    2. setuptools - development mode
    3. Debugging
      • pdb
      • fun\u00e7\u00e3o breakpoint() (tutorial)
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#1-understand-the-system_2","title":"1. Understand the system","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#conheca-suas-ferramentas","title":"Conhe\u00e7a suas ferramentas","text":"
    • Debugging visual linha a linha
    • Stacktrace
    • Busca em projeto inteiro
    • Ir para defini\u00e7\u00e3o de fun\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#debugar-usando-print-e-perda-de-tempo","title":"Debugar usando print \u00e9 perda de tempo","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#2-make-it-fail","title":"2. Make it fail","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#reproduza-seu-bug","title":"Reproduza seu bug","text":"
    • Crie um exemplo m\u00ednimo que reproduza o bug desejado ou que usaria a feature que quer implementar
      • entrada de exemplo e sa\u00edda esperada vs sa\u00edda obtida
    • Possivelmente isto j\u00e1 foi descrito na issue escolhida.
    • Anote elementos que te ajudem a encontrar onde isto ocorre no c\u00f3digo (fun\u00e7\u00f5es usadas, elementos de interface gr\u00e1fica, mensagens de erro.)
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#3-quit-thinking-and-look","title":"3. Quit thinking and look","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#encontre-onde-esta-o-problema-e-leia-o-codigo-com-atencao","title":"Encontre onde est\u00e1 o problema e leia o c\u00f3digo com aten\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    1. Encontre no c\u00f3digo onde o bug pode estar
    2. Comece geral (em qual arquivo est\u00e1 a funcionalidade?) e v\u00e1 restringindo (em qual fun\u00e7\u00e3o o bug \"explode\"?)
    3. Ferramentas de debug s\u00e3o essenciais. Veja o item 1.
      • N\u00e3o atenderei ningu\u00e9m que esteja debugando s\u00f3 com print
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#3-quit-thinking-and-look_1","title":"3. Quit thinking and look","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#buscando-por-nomes-de-arquivos","title":"Buscando por nomes de arquivos","text":"

    Comando find (man page)

    Exemplo: procurar por arquivos cujo nome \u00e9 aceito por uma certa express\u00e3o regular come\u00e7ando no diret\u00f3rio atual.

    $ find -iname \"regexp\" .

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#3-quit-thinking-and-look_2","title":"3. Quit thinking and look","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#buscando-no-conteudo-dos-arquivos","title":"Buscando no conte\u00fado dos arquivos","text":"

    Comando grep (man page)

    $ grep [OPTIONS] PATTERN FILES

    • PATTERN: express\u00e3o regular
    • FILES: lista de diret\u00f3rios ou arquivos
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#3-quit-thinking-and-look-grep","title":"3. Quit thinking and look - grep","text":"

    Exemplo 1: buscar todos arquivos nas pasta atual (.) e subpastas com o texto \"dialog\" ignorando mai\u00fasculas/min\u00fasculas.

    $ grep -r -i dialog .

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#_2","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":"

    Exemplo 2: Listas todos os arquivos .cpp que fazem algum include

    $ grep -r --include \"*cpp\" \"#include\" .

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#sua-ideeditor-devem-ter-algo-parecido-procure-e-use","title":"Sua IDE/editor devem ter algo parecido. Procure e use.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#4-divide-and-conquer","title":"4. Divide and Conquer","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#crie-um-plano-de-acao","title":"Crie um plano de a\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    1. Por que o bug ocorre?
      • Est\u00e1 relacionado a qual fun\u00e7\u00e3o?
      • Qual vari\u00e1vel tem o valor errado?
    2. O que deve ser mudado para que pare de ocorrer?

    Pr\u00e9-requisito: debugar visualmente usando alguma IDE / editor

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#5-change-one-thing-at-a-time","title":"5. Change one thing at a time","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#um-bom-pr-muda-o-minimo-possivel","title":"Um bom PR muda o m\u00ednimo poss\u00edvel","text":"
    • use v\u00e1rias branches se quiser testar ideias diferentes
    • git commit \u00e9 gr\u00e1tis. Quando chegar na vers\u00e3o final \u00e9 s\u00f3 juntar tudo e mandar.
    • git rebase para atualizar seu branch com o master upstream caso necess\u00e1rio.
    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#6-keep-an-audit-trail","title":"6. Keep an audit trail","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#registre-suas-descobertas","title":"Registre suas descobertas","text":"
    • Log de como voc\u00ea encontrou onde mexer
    • Log de todos arquivos de interesse e seus usos
    • Log de todas as pesquisas feitas
    • Log de todas as modifica\u00e7\u00f5es feitas
    • git commit \u00e9 \u00fatil para registrar testes tamb\u00e9m

    N\u00e3o se esque\u00e7a:git diff \u00e9 seu melhor amigo

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#7-check-the-plug","title":"7. Check the plug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#nunca-se-esqueca-de-testar-a-solucoes-mais-simples-primeiro","title":"Nunca se esque\u00e7a de testar a solu\u00e7\u00f5es mais simples primeiro","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#8-get-a-fresh-view","title":"8. Get a fresh view","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#empacou","title":"Empacou?","text":"

    \u00c9 por isso que voc\u00eas trabalham em grupo no primeiro bug.

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#empacou-mesmo","title":"Empacou mesmo?","text":"

    Para isto serve seu grupo.

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#empacou-mesmo_1","title":"Empacou mesmo!?!?!?!?","text":"

    Me chame!

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#9-if-you-didnt-fix-it-it-aint-fixed","title":"9. If you didn't fix it, it ain't fixed","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#hora-de-programar","title":"Hora de programar","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#tentem-aplicar-estas-ideias-aos-seus-problemas","title":"Tentem aplicar estas ideias aos seus problemas","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#envie-4-prs-para-projetos-participantes-e-ganhe-uma-camiseta","title":"Envie 4 PRs para projetos participantes e ganhe uma camiseta","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#atividade-extra-hacktoberfest","title":"Atividade extra: hacktoberfest","text":"

    Objetivo: Enviar 3 PRs para projetos externos no m\u00eas de outubro.

    \"metadata\": {\"date\": \"2021-10-31\"}

    "},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#_3","title":"Dicas de Debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#dicas-de-debug_1","title":"Dicas de debug","text":""},{"location":"aulas/11-contribuicoes-externas/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/","title":"Projeto da disciplina","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-da-disciplina","title":"Projeto da disciplina","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#ate-agora","title":"At\u00e9 agora","text":"
    • Ferramentas de colabora\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Modifica\u00e7\u00f5es de c\u00f3digo
    • Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de UI e documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Aspectos n\u00e3o t\u00e9cnicos relacionados
      • licen\u00e7as
      • comunidades
    • Colabora\u00e7\u00e3o em um projeto do Insper
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#ate-agora_1","title":"At\u00e9 agora","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#formacao-basica","title":"Forma\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica","text":"
    • Analisar uma base de c\u00f3digos desconhecida de m\u00e9dio/grande porte e modific\u00e1-la de modo a fazer melhorias e corrigir falhas em um software;
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#_1","title":"Projeto da disciplina","text":"
    • Interagir com uma equipe remota de desenvolvedores para entregar c\u00f3digo que atenda aos padr\u00f5es de qualidade e estilo de c\u00f3digo de um projeto;
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto","title":"Projeto Aberto","text":"

    Objetivos:

    1. proporcionar uma experi\u00eancia de trabalho em um projeto real de escolha dos alunos
    2. valorizar diversos tipos de contribui\u00e7\u00f5es, n\u00e3o somente de c\u00f3digo
    3. exercitar autonomia e independ\u00eancia
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto_1","title":"Projeto Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#organizado-em-dois-blocos-de-5-aulas","title":"Organizado em dois blocos de 5 aulas","text":"
    • 11/05 - 25/05
    • 27/05 - 10/06
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-pitches-de-projeto","title":"Projeto Aberto - Pitches de projeto","text":"

    Cada bloco se inicia com uma aula de Pitches de Projeto, que \u00e9 uma apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o de 5 minutos apresentando o projeto para o qual voc\u00ea contribuir\u00e1 na semana.

    • Trocar ideias sobre projetos interessantes
    • Ajudar alunos indecisos a escolherem um projeto
    • Se comprometer com uma escolha de projeto
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-pitch-de-projeto","title":"Projeto Aberto: Pitch de projeto","text":"

    Objetivo: Apresentou um Pitch de projeto. Se o aluno s\u00f3 apresentar o projeto e n\u00e3o fizer contribui\u00e7\u00e3o vale 0 XP.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"url_do_projeto_proposto\", \"filename\": \"pdf da apresentacaoo\"}

    Colocar pdf da apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o na pasta docs/pitches.

    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-pitch-aceito","title":"Projeto Aberto: Pitch aceito!","text":"

    Objetivo: Enviou contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para um projeto apresentado em sala.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"url_do_projeto_proposto\"}

    A ser enviado al\u00e9m da skill da contribui\u00e7\u00e3o.

    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-sugestao-aceita","title":"Projeto Aberto: Sugest\u00e3o aceita!","text":"

    Objetivo: Outro aluno enviou contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para o projeto que voc\u00ea fez Pitch.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"url_da_contribuicao\"}

    A ser enviado pelo aluno que prop\u00f4s o Pitch, que tamb\u00e9m precisa ter contribu\u00eddo.

    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-aberto-pitches-de-projeto_1","title":"Projeto Aberto - Pitches de projeto","text":"
    1. Apresentar um pitch \u00e9 uma skill que vale XP
    2. Ajudar colegas interessados no \"seu\" projeto vale XP
    3. Aceitar sugest\u00f5es/ajudas vale XP
    4. Tudo isso \u00e9 al\u00e9m da XP j\u00e1 obtida com as contribui\u00e7\u00f5es
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#evitar-alunos-trabalhando-sozinhos","title":"Evitar alunos trabalhando sozinhos.","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#estrategias-para-escolha-um-projeto","title":"Estrat\u00e9gias para escolha um projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#aprendizado-de-tecnologias-novas","title":"Aprendizado de tecnologias novas","text":"
    • Linguagem de programa\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Biblioteca
    • Tipo de tecnologia: web, mobile, desktop
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#estrategias-para-escolha-um-projeto_1","title":"Estrat\u00e9gias para escolha um projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#aperfeicoamento-em-tecnologias-que-ja-domina","title":"Aperfei\u00e7oamento em tecnologias que j\u00e1 domina","text":"
    • Linguagem de programa\u00e7\u00e3o espec\u00edfica
    • Tipo de tecnologia: web, mobile, desktop
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#estrategias-para-escolha-um-projeto_2","title":"Estrat\u00e9gias para escolha um projeto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projetos-de-interesse-pessoal","title":"Projetos de interesse pessoal","text":"
    • Algum software que voc\u00ea usa
    • Melhorar alternativa livre para software propriet\u00e1rio
    • Moonshot: projetos ambiciosos com chance m\u00ednima de sucesso
    • Site AlternativeTo
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    • Finalizar Projeto DIY
    • Escolher projetos para o primeiro bloco
    • Iniciar trabalhos da segunda parte da disciplina
    "},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#projeto-da-disciplina_1","title":"Projeto da disciplina","text":""},{"location":"aulas/12-projeto/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/","title":"01 - Distributed Development Workflow","text":"

    In this guide, we will work on the standard workflow for contributing to projects hosted on GitHub (which also applies to Git projects in general). Before starting, each student should locate the corresponding issue on the course's GitHub repository for creating their user.

    Our workflow will be based on three main parts. In the first part, we will create a copy of the repository \"insper/dev-aberto\" where we will make all the necessary changes. In the second part, we will send our modifications to the original repository using a Pull Request, which is a request to accept the changes from a forked repository into the original repository. Finally, we will update our fork with modifications sent by colleagues.

    Some key points to highlight in the above workflow:

    1. Even if a user does not have access to the original repository, they can work on their own copy and only submit their modifications to the original repository when everything is ready.
    2. It is necessary for a developer from the original project to \"take responsibility\" for the accepted external modifications.
    3. The Pull requests tab allows developers to discuss proposed modifications and improve them. Every commit made after the creation of the PR is included and can be tested by anyone.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#creating-your-own-copy","title":"Creating your own copy","text":"

    We will start our workflow by creating a fork of the repository \"insper/dev-aberto\". All our modifications will be made in our fork, on a separate branch (it is recommended to use a different branch for each issue). This way, our modifications are completely isolated from the original code, and we can test them alongside the original code.

    First, create the fork through the GitHub interface. Then, clone your fork and create a new branch called \"issue-X,\" where \"X\" is the number of your issue in the original project.

    $ git checkout -b issue-X

    To ensure that you are in the directory of your fork, execute the following command:

    $ git remote -vv

    The displayed addresses should be those of your fork, not the original project.

    With the fork created and being on the \"issue-X\" branch (you can check using git branch and switch using git checkout issue-X), we will begin making modifications.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#interacting-with-the-course-repository","title":"Interacting with the course repository","text":"

    The creation of users and addition of skills is done using the command dev-aberto.py.

    Tip

    To use it, you need to install the packages listed in the requirements.txt file.

    Running it in the terminal should list the available commands.

    $ python3 dev-aberto.py

    To check if everything is working correctly, list all registered users. There should be only one registered user (igorsm1).

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#creating-a-user","title":"Creating a user","text":"

    User creation is done with the command:

    $ python3 dev-aberto.py new-user

    This will create three files in the students folder:

    • your-login: basic user information in JSON format.
    • your-login-achievements: encrypted file containing the deliveries of each student in JSON format.
    • your-login.key: cryptographic key for the above file.

    Verify that your user was created correctly by listing the existing users again. Your user should have an asterisk (*) next to the name, indicating that the login.key file is present in the system.

    Danger

    Do not include the *.key file in your PR. It should be sent by email to the professor. Do this now before you forget!

    Also, verify that you can use the command dev-aberto.py compute-grade your-login. If everything is okay, proceed to the next item.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#adding-a-skill","title":"Adding a skill","text":"

    With the user created, we can add the skill \"First Steps.\" You may have noticed that the professor's key is available (file students/igorsm1.key). This was done so that you have at least one example of how each skill should be added. See below for an example of how the skill should be included:

    $ python3 dev-aberto.py edit-achievements igorsm1

    This will open a file for editing in Vi. The format is a list of objects containing two fields: \"skill_id\" and \"metadata\". See the example below for the first skill

    [\n{\"skill_id\": 1, \"metadata\": {\"date\": \"YYYY-MM-DD\"} }\n]\n

    Tip

    If you want to use another text editor, you can set the environment variable EDITOR just before calling dev-aberto.py.

    Now add the skill to your user following the same pattern seen above. Verify that your skill was correctly added using the compute-grade command.

    Tip

    If your repository is OK, help your classmates.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#sending-modifications-to-the-original-project","title":"Sending modifications to the original project","text":"

    Now let's create a commit and send it as a Pull Request to the course's repository. Add the created files (excluding the *.key file!) and make a commit with the following message (replace the X with the number of your issue in the repository):

    Add user your-login.\n

    Execute git push and continue.

    With your modifications already in your fork, it's time to send them to the original repository. This is done on the GitHub interface. First, access your fork in the browser, locate your issue-X branch, and click the \"Pull request\" button.

    The title of your Pull Request should be Create user login. Your PR should contain only one commit and should have the branch issue-X created above as the source. In the description of your PR, add the text:

    Closes #X\n

    where X is the number of your user's issue. This automatically closes the issue when (and if) this PR is accepted.

    Warning

    PRs made from main or with more than one commit will not be accepted.

    Use the checklist below to help verify if your work is correct:

    • Created a new user with new-user.
    • Added the \"First Steps\" skill.
    • Checked that the new user has the new skill using compute-grade.
    • Created a PR with only one commit and the correct files.
    • Sent the .key file by email to the professor.
    • Did not include the .key file in the PR.

    Once your PR is accepted, you can remove the issue-X branch.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/#updating-your-fork","title":"Updating your fork","text":"

    After having your PR accepted, you may have noticed that your commit appears in the original project's main branch but does not appear in your fork. This is because a fork is not automatically updated when its corresponding original repository receives new commits.

    To make this happen, you need to perform a manual synchronization. For now, we will use the GitHub interface to do this.

    Visit your fork again. Now, there should be an option to sync your fork with the original repository. Use it to make your main branch receive the new commits.

    Warning

    Sync your repository whenever you work on a new PR. This will prevent many conflicts when merging your modifications into the original repository.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#open-source-development","title":"Open Source Development","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_1","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-overview-distributed-coding-workflow","title":"Course overview + Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2: Igor Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br) )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#burocracy","title":"Burocracy","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#meetings","title":"Meetings","text":"
    • MON 07:30 - 09:30
    • WED 07:30 - 09:30
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#office-hours","title":"Office Hours","text":"
    • On demand
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#assessment","title":"Assessment","text":"
    • Project based course with both individual and group work
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#learning-objectives","title":"Learning Objectives","text":"

    By the end of the course, the student will be able to:

    • Analyze an unfamiliar medium/large codebase and modify it to make improvements and fix software issues.
    • Interact with a remote team of developers to deliver code that meets the quality and code style standards of a project.
    • Understand the differences in open-source software licenses and how they impact the distribution and reuse of a codebase.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#objectives-summary-version","title":"Objectives (summary version)","text":"

    By the end of the course, the student will be able to:

    • Download, understand, and modify the code of a project.
    • Successfully have their modifications accepted by the original project.
    • Understand aspects related to the distribution of software.
      • Licenses
      • Bug Tracker, Version Control, Governance, etc.
      • Documentation / Internationalization
      • User communities
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-syllabus","title":"Course Syllabus","text":"
    1. Software development and commercialization models.
    2. Software licenses and their impact on reuse and distribution.
    3. Tools for collaborative software development (open source or proprietary).
    4. Software and code documentation.
    5. Software translation and internationalization.
    6. Source code compilation and distribution systems.
    7. Human and community aspects in software development.
    8. Case studies of successful projects.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#textbook","title":"Textbook","text":"

    Available online at https://producingoss.com

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-materials","title":"Course Materials","text":"

    GitHub: https://github.com/insper/open-dev

    Website: https://insper.github.io/open-dev/

    Blackboard will be used for announcements only. All content will be available on GitHub.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#justification-for-the-course","title":"Justification for the Course","text":"

    In previous courses, we worked on:

    • Creating a new project.
    • Projects that typically end after the course.
    • Projects that are never used by anyone.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_2","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":"

    In the industry, we usually work on existing projects:

    • Fixing issues.
    • Making improvements.
    • Projects used by multiple users.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#why-did-i-create-the-course","title":"Why did I create the course?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#my-motivation-igor","title":"My motivation (Igor)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#my-motivation-igor_1","title":"My motivation (Igor)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#my-motivation-igor_2","title":"My motivation (Igor)","text":"
    • I've worked alone for 5 years
    • I've spent countless hours writting
      • a scientific paper about it
      • documentation for users and developers
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_3","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_4","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":"
    • I learned a lot by doing this
    • I might have solved a problem no one has!
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#my-motivation-igor_3","title":"My motivation (Igor)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#its-not-enough-anymore-to-create-software-for-learning-purposes","title":"It's not enough (anymore) to create software for learning purposes","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#i-would-like-to-have-some-impact","title":"I would like to have (some) impact","text":"
    • To create/contribute to software other people use
    • To write texts/tutorials that are read by someone
    • To be a part of a community that would miss me if I stop participating
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#why-are-you-here","title":"Why are you here?","text":"

    https://forms.gle/uDvnDoyxBsVoHy6S8

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#achievements-in-this-course-so-far","title":"Achievements in this Course So Far","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#vitoria-20182","title":"Vit\u00f3ria - 2018/2","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#spyder","title":"Spyder","text":"
    • Accepted: [1]
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#pandas","title":"Pandas","text":"
    • Accepted: [1]
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#paulo-20182","title":"Paulo - 2018/2","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#cataclysm-dda","title":"Cataclysm: DDA","text":"
    • Accepted: [1]
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#class-20192","title":"Class - 2019/2","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#15-students","title":"15 students","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#19-different-projects-14-accepted-prs","title":"19 different projects, 14 accepted PRs","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#pandas-6-accepted-contributions","title":"Pandas - 6 accepted contributions","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#class-20201","title":"Class 2020/1","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#16-students","title":"16 students","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#15-different-projects-17-accepted-prs","title":"15 different projects, 17 accepted PRs","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#pandas-matplotlib-bokeh-pygame","title":"Pandas, Matplotlib, Bokeh, Pygame","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction","title":"Course Introduction","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction_1","title":"Course Introduction","text":"

    Proposal: The course will be gamified.

    • Each student will create an avatar in the course.
    • Activities for submission earn XP.
    • Each activity is represented by a skill with a funny name.
    • All work submissions are done via Pull Request on the course's repository.
    • Significant freedom of choice
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction-skills","title":"Course Introduction (Skills)","text":"
    • Tutorial: Guided preparatory activities in the classroom
    • Code: Code contributions to external projects
    • Community: Non-technical contributions that can benefit users and developers of a project, such as documentation and translations
    • Impact: Significant results achieved by the student's participation in open projects
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#full-list-of-skills","title":"Full list of skills","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction-syllabus","title":"Course Introduction (syllabus)","text":"
    • August/September: Tutorial
      • 30-60 minutes of lecture/discussions
      • Activities focused on specific topics
    • October/November: Project
      • Autonomy to define which tasks will be done
      • Semi-free choice of projects
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction-assessment","title":"Course Introduction (assessment)","text":"
    • All submissions are individual.
    • Each learning objective is measured by several skills.
      • Some skills are mandatory.
      • Repeating a skill can earn more or fewer points than the first time.
    • Grades are based on the amount of XP obtained.
      • Freedom to decide where to invest time/effort.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-introduction-assessment_1","title":"Course Introduction (assessment)","text":"
    • Final grade is a combination of XP and acquired skills.
    • Bi-weekly reports sent by email.
    • Complete conditions on the rules and skills page.
    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#discussion-development-workflow","title":"Discussion: Development Workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#how-does-git-work","title":"How does Git work?","text":"

    Source: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    Source: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#activity-first-steps","title":"Activity: First Steps","text":"

    Objective: Submit your first Pull Request to the course's repository.

    "},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#open-source-development_1","title":"Open Source Development","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#_5","title":"Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#course-overview-distributed-coding-workflow_1","title":"Course overview + Distributed coding workflow","text":""},{"location":"lessons/01-distributed-workflow/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2: Igor Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br) )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/","title":"02 - Software and Communities","text":"

    less02in

    The activity for this class involves creating a presentation explaining how the communities around the following software projects are organized:

    1. Visual Studio Code
    2. NeoVIM
    3. Django
    4. Blender
    5. Kdenlive
    6. NewPipe

    Each group of 3 students should choose one of the above projects and research the following points.

    1. What is the purpose of the project?
    2. Where is the source code located? Which technologies are used?
    3. What is the license? Are there public guidelines or any kind of bureaucracy for contributions?
    4. Is there developer documentation?
      • Does it seem easy to compile/run?
      • Does it seem easy to modify?
    5. How is the project governed?
      • Who are the key figures (developers, evangelists, etc.) in the project? If the project is large, mention two different areas in this item.
      • Is there a public roadmap?
      • Are external contributions accepted? How can one contribute?
      • Who makes the decisions?
    6. Where can project members be found? Where can one seek help?
    7. Does the project raise funds?
      • Are there companies sponsoring developers?
      • How much has been raised? And spent? For what purposes?
      • Who decides how the funds are spent?

    Each group must create a 10 minutes presentation for the next meeting that addresses these questions.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#open-source-development","title":"Open Source Development","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_1","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#software-and-communities","title":"Software and Communities","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114","title":"2023/2: Igor Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br) )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#github-model-fork-pull-request","title":"Github Model: fork + pull request","text":"

    Source: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#github-model-fork-pull-request_1","title":"Github Model: fork + pull request","text":"

    Source: https://www.slideshare.net/abderrahmanebenbachir/continuous-integration-in-github

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#workflow-other-models","title":"Workflow: other models","text":"
    1. Send patch via email list (e.g., Linux)
    2. Code review tools (e.g., KDE - Phabricator)
    3. Patch is attached to the Bug Tracker (e.g., Haiku, KDE)
    4. Does not receive external contributions
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#review-of-last-classs-prs","title":"Review of last class's PRs","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#common-errors","title":"Common Errors","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-0-login-achievements-file-has-errors","title":"Error 0: login-achievements file has errors","text":"

    How to fix: Create a new commit with the correct date.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-1-extra-files-in-the-pr","title":"Error 1: Extra files in the PR","text":"

    Error: Modifying files not related to your proposed changes.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_2","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Ideal:

    1. A Pull Request should contain only the files related to the proposed modification.
    2. Each proposed modification is in a separate Pull Request.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-1-extra-files-in-the-pr_1","title":"Error 1: Extra files in the PR","text":"

    How to fix: git revert creates a commit that undoes previous changes.

    Extra options:

    • --no-commit: Only adds the modifications, but does not make the commit. Allows undoing part of a commit.

    Source: https://www.atlassian.com/git/tutorials/

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-2-non-descriptive-commit-messages","title":"Error 2: Non-descriptive commit messages","text":"

    How to fix: git commit --amend allows modifying the last commit made.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#error-3-pull-request-with-a-poor-description","title":"Error 3: Pull Request with a poor description","text":"

    How to fix: Simply edit it in the Github interface.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#fix-at-home-and-request-review-via-github","title":"Fix at home and request review via Github","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#reminder-if-you-dont-push-nothing-is-broken","title":"Reminder: If you don't push, nothing is broken","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#reminder-ii-git-log-shows-your-current-history","title":"Reminder II: git log shows your current history","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#tip-if-you-modified-already-published-commits-use-git-push-f-to-overwrite","title":"Tip: If you modified already published commits, use git push -f to overwrite","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#not-all-students-enrolled-in-the-course-did-the-activity-from-the-last-class","title":"Not all students enrolled in the course did the activity from the last class!","text":"
    python dev-aberto.py list-users\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#software-communities","title":"Software Communities","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#discussion","title":"Discussion","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_3","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Question 1: What are the software you use the most in your daily life?

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_4","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_5","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_6","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Question 2: Who is the main developer of the project?

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-linux-kernel","title":"Example: Linux Kernel","text":"

    Foundation supports the development of the Linux Kernel and the creation of an open-source software ecosystem around it.

    Support:

    • Financial
    • Intellectual property
    • Infrastructure
    • Services and training
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-linux-kernel_1","title":"Example: Linux Kernel","text":"

    Companies that sponsor development:

    1. Individual (11.95%)
    2. Intel (10.01%)
    3. Red Hat (8.90%)
    4. Unknown (4.09%)
    5. IBM (3.79%)
    6. SUSE (3.49%)
    7. Linaro (2.96%)
    8. Consultants (2.96%)
    9. Google (2.79%)
    10. Samsung (2.28%)

    Source: \"2020 Linux Kernel Development Report\"

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-ubuntu","title":"Example: Ubuntu","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_7","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_8","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_9","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_10","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Private company controls the development of Ubuntu. Obtains resources via:

    • Donations
    • Development and consulting services
    • Training
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-gitlab","title":"Example: Gitlab","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_11","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_12","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_13","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_14","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Company funded so far by VC (Venture Capital) in search of profit.

    • Option of free plans with open-source software
    • Option of corporate plans with more features and support
    • On-premises installations
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-elementary","title":"Example: Elementary","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_15","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_16","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Linux distribution led by a \"tiny\" company focused on the user experience. Resources are obtained through:

    • Individual and corporate sponsorships
    • Pay-what-you-want model (app store and operating system)
    • Hardware with the pre-installed system

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#example-linux-mint","title":"Example: Linux Mint","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_17","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Linux distribution aimed at everything working right after installation. Considered good for beginners.

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#other-sources","title":"Other sources","text":"

    Various other ways of getting support and funding

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#reasons-for-funding-company","title":"Reasons for funding (company)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_18","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"
    • \"Acquire\" experts in a technology
    • Sell support or consulting services
    • Marketing
    • Software license \"obliges\"
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_19","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_20","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":"

    Not everything funded ends up in a \"usable\" format for others (e.g., Android/Linux, TiVO)

    \"Tivoization is the practice of designing hardware that incorporates software under the terms of a copyleft software license like the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL), but uses hardware restrictions or digital rights management (DRM) to prevent users from running modified versions of the software on that hardware\" [Wikipedia]

    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#reasons-for-contributing-individual","title":"Reasons for contributing (individual)","text":"
    • Professional
      • Reputation / CV
      • Business needs
    • Personal
      • Altruism / Ideology
      • Sense of personal fulfillment
      • Exercise creativity
      • Solve a problem of personal interest
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#activity-exploring-the-environment-of-a-project","title":"Activity: Exploring the environment of a project","text":"
    • Research how the communities of some projects are organized
    • Produce a presentation summarizing your findings
    "},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#open-source-development_1","title":"Open Source Development","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#_21","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/02-software-and-communities/slides/#software-and-communities_1","title":"Software and Communities","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/","title":"03 - Explorando um projeto desconhecido","text":"

    Este roteiro tem algumas perguntas com o objetivo de guiar a explora\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo e documentar suas descobertas. Voc\u00ea tamb\u00e9m pode aplic\u00e1-lo para qualquer outro projeto mal documentado em que precisar trabalhar no futuro.

    Baixe o c\u00f3digo do projeto a ser analisado aqui e siga as perguntas. Elas s\u00e3o um guia de como explorar um projeto que voc\u00eas n\u00e3o conhecem.

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/#dependencias-e-servicos-usados","title":"Depend\u00eancias e servi\u00e7os usados","text":"

    Question

    Quais tecnologias s\u00e3o usadas no c\u00f3digo? Al\u00e9m da linguagem de programa\u00e7\u00e3o, liste tamb\u00e9m as bibliotecas/m\u00f3dulos externos usados.

    Question

    A aplica\u00e7\u00e3o utiliza um banco de dados. Qual gerenciador? Onde a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o busca a base de dados? Quais s\u00e3o as tabelas usadas? Como elas s\u00e3o criadas?

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/#deploy-inicial","title":"Deploy inicial","text":"

    Question

    A aplica\u00e7\u00e3o usa autentica\u00e7\u00e3o? Se sim, qual tipo? Como usu\u00e1rios s\u00e3o criados? Existe algum usu\u00e1rio administrador? Como \u00e9 feita a seguran\u00e7a das senhas? Qual a senha padr\u00e3o?

    Question

    Quais comandos voc\u00ea usou para rodar a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o? Escreva todos desde a cria\u00e7\u00e3o do banco de dados e dos usu\u00e1rios at\u00e9 o funcionamento completo do projeto.

    Question

    Agora que voc\u00ea consegue rodar a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o, explore-a um pouco e descreva em poucas frases para qu\u00ea ela serve.

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/#documentacao-do-projeto","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto","text":"

    Question

    Se voc\u00ea fosse criar um guia de usu\u00e1rio (aluno) para esta aplica\u00e7\u00e3o, quais tarefas descreveria?

    Question

    Se voc\u00ea fosse criar um guia de usu\u00e1rio (professor) para esta aplica\u00e7\u00e3o, quais tarefas descreveria?

    Question

    O qu\u00ea voc\u00ea descreveria em um guia de desenvolvedor para esta aplica\u00e7\u00e3o?

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#fluxo-de-trabalho-distribuido-e-comunidades-de-software","title":"Fluxo de trabalho distribu\u00eddo e Comunidades de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2 - Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#ordem-das-apresentacoes","title":"Ordem das apresenta\u00e7\u00f5es","text":"
    1. VSCode
    2. Blender
    3. KDENlive
    4. NeoVim
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#10-minutos-cada-uma","title":"10 minutos cada uma","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#atividade-explorando-o-entorno-de-um-projeto","title":"Atividade: Explorando o entorno de um projeto","text":"
    \"metadata\": {\n    \"filename\": \"nome do arquivo\",\n    \"group\": [\"login1\", \"login2\"]\n}\n

    • No group incluir os outros membros do grupo somente

    • Um membro da equipe deve fazer um PR para o projeto incluindo o arquivo da apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o. O mesmo deve ser colocado na pasta apresentacoes/2023

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2 - Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_2","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#a-ausencia-de-documentacao-de-software","title":"(A aus\u00eancia de d)ocumenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_2","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2 - Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio:

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_2","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_3","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_4","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":"

    Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvimento:

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_5","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_6","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#_7","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_2","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio:

    • Instala\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Funcionalidades
    • Onde obter ajuda
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_3","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de desenvolvimento:

    • Como compilar (depend\u00eancias, ferramentas usadas, etc)
    • Como testar (depend\u00eancias, ferramentas usadas, etc)
    • Estilo de c\u00f3digo e outras orienta\u00e7\u00f5es relacionadas
    • Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o do c\u00f3digo e arquitetura da aplica\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_4","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    \u00c0s vezes as coisas se confundem! O que voc\u00eas colocariam na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio do Python?

    E na de desenvolvedor?

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#exemplo-spyder","title":"Exemplo: Spyder","text":"

    https://www.spyder-ide.org/

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#exemplo-spyder_1","title":"Exemplo: Spyder","text":"

    https://github.com/spyder-ide/spyder/wiki

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#sistemas-de-documentacao","title":"Sistemas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Sphinx

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#sistemas-de-documentacao_1","title":"Sistemas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Mkdocs

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#sistemas-de-documentacao-hospedagem","title":"Sistemas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o (hospedagem)","text":"

    https://readthedocs.org/

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#atividade","title":"Atividade","text":"

    Voc\u00eas receber\u00e3o um zip com o c\u00f3digo de um software e zero instru\u00e7\u00f5es. Voc\u00eas dever\u00e3o:

    1. Aprender como rodar o software
    2. Documentar os passos que voc\u00eas seguiram para faz\u00ea-lo
    3. Fazer uma an\u00e1lise cr\u00edtica do projeto com rela\u00e7\u00e3o a
      • Arquitetura
      • Qualidade do c\u00f3digo
      • Seguran\u00e7a da solu\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#objetivos-desta-atividade","title":"Objetivos desta atividade","text":"
    1. Entender na pr\u00e1tica a necessidade de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o;
    2. Identificar quais s\u00e3o as depend\u00eancias de um software. Isto inclui bibliotecas/frameworks usados e servi\u00e7os aos quais esse software se conecta.
    3. Rodar sua pr\u00f3pria vers\u00e3o de um software de terceiros
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#nao-sao-objetivos-desta-atividade","title":"N\u00e3o s\u00e3o objetivos desta atividade","text":"
    1. Mostrar nenhum tipo de boa pr\u00e1tica de programa\u00e7\u00e3o
    2. Modificar o software analisado
    3. Criticar o desenvolvedor que trabalhou antes no projeto
    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#atividade-pratica-projeto-nao-documentado","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Projeto n\u00e3o documentado","text":"

    Objetivo: entender como rodar um c\u00f3digo sem instru\u00e7\u00f5es.

    Valida\u00e7\u00e3o: apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema funcionando.

    Grupos de at\u00e9 3 pessoas

    "},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#tempo-restante-de-hoje-hora-inicial-da-proxima-aula-usem-handout-como-guia","title":"Tempo restante de hoje + hora inicial da pr\u00f3xima aula. Usem handout como guia","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_3","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#documentacao-de-software_5","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/03-software-documentation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_3","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2 - Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/","title":"04 - Professional Project","text":"

    There is a moment in a project's history where it is already useful for the author and other people are starting to get interested in it. Software documentation, clear install instructions and being free of errors are important to these people but are not necessarily essential to the authors, who are used to fix problem when they appear and are familiar with every aspect of the code. We will transform a project like this into a project that is ready to be used by other people and that can receive contributions from other developers. 

    {\"skill_id\": 4, \"metadata\": {\"date\": \"2022-09-01\", \"url\": \"http...\", \"group\": []}\n

    Done

    Form a pair and select a project that one of you worked on during your degree. We will transform it into a complete project that other people can use and contribute to.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/#deliverables","title":"Deliverables","text":"

    This is a project for more than one meeting and can be done in pairs.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/#software-documentation","title":"Software documentation","text":"
    • Create a website for the project, including screenshots and animations about its usage
    • Create a wiki with instructions for developers
      • build instructions
      • code organization
      • technologies used

    Tip

    Use mkdocs or other static site generator tools to create the website. Jekyll is also a popular choice.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/#project-quality","title":"Project quality","text":"
    • Create README with project description, screenshot and links to documentation
    • Organize repo with source code in a src folder and documentation in docs
    • Execute a linter in your project and export its output to one or more issues with names related to code quality improvements
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api-e-linters","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-o-que-faz-o-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: o que faz o projeto?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#servidor-de-desafios","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":"

    Voc\u00eas rodaram um MVP do servidor de desafios. Veja abaixo seu estado atual:

    https://github.com/Insper/servidor-de-desafios

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#servidor-de-desafios_1","title":"Servidor de desafios","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-como-o-projeto-esta-organizado-tecnologias","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: como o projeto est\u00e1 organizado? (tecnologias)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-como-o-projeto-esta-organizado-codigo","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: como o projeto est\u00e1 organizado? (c\u00f3digo)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-arquitetura-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a arquitetura do projeto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#0-a-10","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-qualidade-de-codigo-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a qualidade de c\u00f3digo do projeto.","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#0-a-10_1","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-avalie-a-seguranca-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: avalie a seguran\u00e7a do projeto.","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#0-a-10_2","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-esse-projeto-e-um-projeto-profissional","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: esse projeto \u00e9 um projeto \"profissional\"?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#0-a-10_3","title":"0 a 10","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#discussao-o-que-voce-incluiria-na-documentacao-do-projeto","title":"Discuss\u00e3o: o que voc\u00ea incluiria na documenta\u00e7\u00e3o do projeto?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#software-tem-historia-e-depende-de-pessoas-para-evoluir","title":"Software tem hist\u00f3ria e depende de pessoas para evoluir","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#codigo-vs-software-profissional","title":"C\u00f3digo vs software profissional","text":"

    Os seguintes pontos transformam um c\u00f3digo que fiz para mim em algo \u00fatil para outras pessoas

    1. Tradu\u00e7\u00f5es e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (datas)
    2. Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de usu\u00e1rio e de desenvolvimento
    3. Algum processo de qualidade de software
      • testes automatizados
      • formata\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo e estrutura de repo
    4. pacotes de instala\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#hoje","title":"Hoje","text":"
    • Ferramentas de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API usando
    • Padr\u00f5es de formata\u00e7\u00e3o de c\u00f3digo
      • linters
      • PEP8
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":"

    Objetivo: explicar o funcionamento das fun\u00e7\u00f5es, classes e m\u00f3dulos de um programa.

    • Focado em detalhes
    • Documenta os argumentos esperados e em quais situa\u00e7\u00f5es a fun\u00e7\u00e3o funciona
    • Tipicamente obtida direto do c\u00f3digo
    • N\u00e3o detalha como as fun\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o usadas em conjunto
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api_2","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API","text":"

    ref

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#ferramentas","title":"Ferramentas","text":"
    • Python:
      • pydoc, numpydoc
    • C/C++
      • Doxygen
    • Java
      • Javadoc

    Em geral podem ser plugadas em alguma ferramenta de documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de projetos.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao_1","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#padroes-de-codificacao_2","title":"Padr\u00f5es de codifica\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"
    • Cada projeto tem o seu
    • Algumas linguagens tem um estilo padr\u00e3o
      • Python - PEP8
    • Ferramentas ajudam a conferir (for\u00e7ar) um estilo espec\u00edfico
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#ferramentas_1","title":"Ferramentas","text":"
    • Python: pylint, black
    • C/C++: splint, cppchecker, gcc (op\u00e7\u00f5es -Wall, -Wextra), clang-format/-tidy
    • Java: flag -Xlint
    • Javascript: ESlint, TSlint (typescript)
    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#_1","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API e linters","text":"

    Ajudam a manter c\u00f3digo limpo e leg\u00edvel. Podem ser plugadas no seu editor favorito.

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#execucao-obrigatoria-para-muitos-projetos-grandes","title":"Execu\u00e7\u00e3o obrigat\u00f3ria para muitos projetos grandes","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#atividade-pratica-projeto-profissional","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Projeto profissional","text":"

    Objetivo: Transformar um c\u00f3digo perdido em um projeto

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"github pages criado\", \"group\": [\"ate tr\u00eas\", \"alunos\"]}

    "},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#documentacao-de-api-testes","title":"Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o de API + testes","text":""},{"location":"lessons/04-professional-project/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr_1","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/","title":"05 - Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de Software","text":"

    Nesta aula complementaremos as \u00faltimas discuss\u00f5es criando um pequeno pacote Python instal\u00e1vel via pip. Com isto chegamos mais perto de um projeto que esteja preparado para que outras pessoas o utilizem e colaborem em seu desenvolvimento.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#distribuindo-software-para-desenvolvedores-pacote-python-basico","title":"Distribuindo software para desenvolvedores: pacote Python b\u00e1sico","text":"

    Nosso m\u00f3dulo se chamar\u00e1 dev_aberto e disponibilizar\u00e1 um programa execut\u00e1vel hello.py. Crie a seguinte estrutura de pastas para nosso pacote.

    Important

    Baixe os arquivos que usaremos neste link

    pacote_exemplo/\n    dev_aberto/\n        __init__.py\n        dev_aberto.py\n    scripts/\n        hello.py\n    README.md\n    LICENSE\n

    Exercise

    com a estrutura acima, qual seria o import a ser feito para usar a fun\u00e7\u00e3o hello do arquivo dev_aberto.py?

    Exercise

    Pesquise para que serve o arquivo __init__.py e use-o para permitir importar hello usando somente import dev_aberto.

    Exercise

    Crie um projeto no github para esta atividade. Fa\u00e7a um primeiro commit nele com o conte\u00fado \"zerado\" do projeto.

    • Um arquivo README contendo uma frase de descri\u00e7\u00e3o do pacote e um link para o reposit\u00f3rio da disciplina.
    • Um arquivo LICENSE com a licen\u00e7a MIT.
    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#o-arquivo-setuppy","title":"O arquivo setup.py","text":"

    A descri\u00e7\u00e3o de um pacote Python \u00e9 feita usando um arquivo setup.py Veja abaixo uma vers\u00e3o inicial deste arquivo:

    from setuptools import setup\n\nsetup(name='dev_aberto_seunome',\n      version='0.1',\n      packages=['dev_aberto']\n      )\n

    Exercise

    Crie o arquivo acima no seu projeto, substituindo seunome por .... seu nome. Instale o seu pr\u00f3prio pacote usando

    pip install .

    Exercise

    Em outra pasta, abra um console Python e tente importar seu m\u00f3dulo.

    Exercise

    Pesquise quais argumentos s\u00e3o usados para especificar o autor do pacote, as vers\u00f5es de Python e sistemas operacionais suportados. Preencha estes valores com suas informa\u00e7\u00f5es. Note que o pip leva estas informa\u00e7\u00f5es em conta e s\u00f3 instalar\u00e1 um pacote se ele estiver em um ambiente suportado.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#dependencias","title":"Depend\u00eancias","text":"

    Para adicionar pacotes que s\u00e3o automaticamente instalados quando instalamos nosso pacote precisamos identific\u00e1-los no nosso arquivo setup.py. Para adicionar uma depend\u00eancia de instala\u00e7\u00e3o basta adicionar o seguinte argumento:

        ...\n    install_requires=[\n        'pacote>=1.0',\n        'pacote2'\n    ],\n    ...\n

    Exercise

    Verifique as depend\u00eancias do c\u00f3digo e adicione-as no setup.py.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#requirementstxt","title":"requirements.txt","text":"

    Muitos softwares usam tamb\u00e9m um arquivo requirements.txt para listar todas as depend\u00eancias do software de modo a obter uma instala\u00e7\u00e3o id\u00eantica \u00e0 do desenvolvedor. Isto \u00e9 importante para uniformizar os ambientes de desenvolvimento. Ou seja, este arquivo nunca ser\u00e1 usado por usu\u00e1rios finais.

    Exercise

    Crie um requirements.txt para seu projeto com as mesmas depend\u00eancias listadas no seu setup.py.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#scripts-executaveis","title":"Scripts execut\u00e1veis","text":"

    Al\u00e9m de instalar o nosso m\u00f3dulo para uso via import desejamos tamb\u00e9m disponibilizar o arquivo hello.py como um execut\u00e1vel para todo o sistema. Isto pode ser feito adicionando a seguinte linha no nosso setup.py indicando que scripts/hello.py dever\u00e1 ser instalado como um execut\u00e1vel. 

        ...\n    scripts=['scripts/hello.py'],\n    ...\n

    N\u00e3o se esque\u00e7a de adicionar a seguinte linha no topo de seu arquivo para que ele possa ser executado diretamente do shell:

    #!/usr/bin/env python3\n

    No Windows \u00e9 criado um execut\u00e1vel que chama nosso script, de modo que as chamadas do execut\u00e1vel continuar\u00e3o funcionando normalmente. Note que isto n\u00e3o cria menus em nenhum tipo de interface gr\u00e1fica.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#criando-arquivos-de-distribuicao","title":"Criando arquivos de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Dois tipos de arquivos de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o podem ser usados:

    • sdist: \u00e9 um arquivo contendo os fontes do projeto, incluindo arquivos adicionais especificados usando o argumento data_files. Usado se seu projeto for Python-puro.
    • wheel: \u00e9 um formato pr\u00e9-compilado e espec\u00edfico para cada plataforma. Mais usado quando o projeto cont\u00e9m extens\u00f5es em C.

    A cria\u00e7\u00e3o de um arquivo de distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de fontes \u00e9 bem simples:

    $ python setup.py sdist

    A instala\u00e7\u00e3o deste pacote pode ser feita via pip.

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#envio-para-o-pypi","title":"Envio para o PyPI","text":"

    Vamos agora enviar nosso pacote para o Python Package Index para que ele possa ser instalado diretamente via pip. Para n\u00e3o poluir o reposit\u00f3rio com pacotes tempor\u00e1rios e de teste, podemos usar o TestPyPI. Toda sua infraestrutura \u00e9 igual ao oficial, mas ele \u00e9 limpo de maneira regular.

    Visite https://test.pypi.org/account/register/ e registre-se no TestPyPI.

    Ap\u00f3s o registro, usaremos o pacote twine (instal\u00e1vel via pip) para fazer o upload:

    $ twine upload --repository-url https://test.pypi.org/legacy/ dist/*

    Voc\u00ea poder\u00e1, ent\u00e3o, instalar seu pacote a partir do test PyPI usando o seguinte comando:

    $ pip install --index-url https://test.pypi.org/simple/ my_hello_nome

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Pacote Python e inclua nela a url do seu reposit\u00f3rio no github.

    Objetivo: Primeira experi\u00eancia distribuindo software Python.

    \"skill_id\": 6, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-seu-pacote\"}

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#distribuindo-software-para-usuarios-finais","title":"Distribuindo software para usu\u00e1rios finais","text":"

    Vamos agora trabalhar (em duplas) no Servidor de Desafios novamente. Seu trabalho ser\u00e1 criar um Dockerfile que roda o software de maneira \"completa\". Ou seja, o script de cria\u00e7\u00e3o do container dever\u00e1

    • instalar todas as depend\u00eancias do sistema
    • criar a base de dados, se necess\u00e1rio
    • adicionar os usu\u00e1rios presentes no arquivo users.csv, se necess\u00e1rio
    • executar o servidor e serv\u00ed-lo na porta 8080 do host
    • manter os dados adicionados ao reiniciar o container
    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#entrega_1","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Dockerfile segundo o modelo abaixo.

    Objetivo: Criou deploy automatizado para sistema web Python

    \"skill_id\": 7, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-servidor-de-desafios\", \"group\": [\"login1\", \"login2\"]}

    "},{"location":"lessons/05-python-packaging/#referencias","title":"Refer\u00eancias","text":"

    Algumas refer\u00eancias que podem ser \u00fateis:

    • https://docker-curriculum.com/
    • https://docs.docker.com/get-started/
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/","title":"06 - Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Na parte expositiva da aula tivemos uma introdu\u00e7\u00e3o aos problemas de Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (i18n) e Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o (L10N). Neste roteiro iremos praticar o uso destas t\u00e9cnicas em uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o linha de comando de exemplo simples.

    Em ambos exemplos vamos trabalhar com o m\u00f3dulo Babel, que \u00e9 feito para facilitar a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de aplica\u00e7\u00f5es feitas em Python. Outras linguagens de programa\u00e7\u00e3o possuem bibliotecas similares que seguem a mesma sequ\u00eancia de comandos e usam os mesmos tipos de arquivos.

    Sistemas POSIX suportam a determina\u00e7\u00e3o do locale utilizado por meio da vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LANGUAGE, que pode ser modificada para cada execu\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa. O formato padr\u00e3o usado \u00e9 <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>. Para portugu\u00eas do Brasil usando codifica\u00e7\u00e3o UTF8 usamos o locale pt_BR.utf8. Rodando o seguinte comando as mensagens de ajuda do ls devem aparecer em ingl\u00eas.

    $ LANGUAGE=en_US.utf8 ls --help

    J\u00e1 executando o comando abaixo elas devem aparecer em portugu\u00eas.

    $ LANGUAGE=pt_BR.utf8 ls --help

    De maneira mais geral, existe uma s\u00e9rie de vari\u00e1veis LC_* que controlam qual locale \u00e9 usado para determinado tipo de dados. Veremos a seguir como usar LC_TIME e LC_NUMERIC para controlar como datas e n\u00fameros s\u00e3o exibidos e LANGUAGE para definir a lingua de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#localizando-um-programa-em-python","title":"Localizando um programa em Python","text":"

    Vamos trabalhar com uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de linha de comando que nada mais faz que imprimir alguns dados simples como data em extenso, um n\u00famero fracion\u00e1rio grande e uma mensagem pr\u00e9-definida. O c\u00f3digo completo (arquivo cli.py) est\u00e1 abaixo.

    from datetime import date\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    today = date.today()\n    print(today)\n\n    number = 240000000000.32212\n    print(number)\n\n    name = input('Input your name: ')\n    print('Hello {}'.format(name))\n
    Uma sa\u00edda poss\u00edvel seria

    2018-08-28\n240000000000.3221\nInput your name: Igor\nHello Igor\n

    Como j\u00e1 visto em aula, este programa re\u00fane tr\u00eas das principais sa\u00eddas que precisam ser formatadas: datas, n\u00fameros fracion\u00e1rios e mensagens para o usu\u00e1rio.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#formatando-datas","title":"Formatando datas","text":"

    A formata\u00e7\u00e3o de datas \u00e9 governada para vari\u00e1vel LC_TIME. O m\u00f3dulo babel.dates j\u00e1 possui diversas fun\u00e7\u00f5es que automaticamente a utilizam para fazer a localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de vari\u00e1veis do tipo Date (usando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o format_date) ou DateTime (usando format_datetime).

    Exercise

    Pesquise como usar estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e utilize-as no seu programa para localizar a data por extenso (ou seja, 31 de agosto de 2021).

    Exercise

    O qu\u00ea acontece quando definimos a vari\u00e1vel de ambiente LC_TIME=en_US.utf8 e rodamos o programa? E se usamos LC_TIME=pt_BR.utf8?

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#formatando-numeros","title":"Formatando n\u00fameros","text":"

    A formata\u00e7\u00e3o de datas \u00e9 governada para vari\u00e1vel LC_NUMERIC. O m\u00f3dulo babel.numbers possui a fun\u00e7\u00e3o format_number que formata um n\u00famero de acordo com esta configura\u00e7\u00e3o.

    Exercise

    Pesquise como usar estas fun\u00e7\u00f5es e utilize-as no seu programa para localizar o n\u00famero fracion\u00e1rio mostrado.

    Exercise

    Teste seu programa com LC_NUMERIC=en_US.utf8 e LC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.utf8. Os efeitos s\u00e3o os esperados?s

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#traduzindo-mensagens","title":"Traduzindo mensagens","text":"

    A parte final consiste em criar tradu\u00e7\u00f5es das duas strings presentes no texto. A linguagem usada \u00e9 definida pela vari\u00e1vel LANGUAGE, que pode ser definida separadamente para cada processo. Um dos pontos mais importantes \u00e9 marcar quais strings dever\u00e3o ser traduzidas para que uma equipe de tradutores n\u00e3o precise mexer no c\u00f3digo. O m\u00f3dulo gettext do Python j\u00e1 prov\u00ea suporte a esta funcionalidade, o Babel apenas fornece um conjunto de ferramentas que facilita seu uso.

    A implanta\u00e7\u00e3o do framework de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita em quatro passos:

    1. Marca\u00e7\u00e3o das strings a serem traduzidas
    2. Extra\u00e7\u00e3o destas strings do c\u00f3digo em um arquivo modelo .pot
    3. Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es .po a partir do modelo criado no passo anterior
    4. Compila\u00e7\u00e3o das strings traduzidas em um arquivo bin\u00e1rio .mo

    No arquivo principal de nossa aplica\u00e7\u00e3o podemos \"instalar\" o framework de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e marcar todas nossas strings a serem traduzidas com a fun\u00e7\u00e3o _(). A instala\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 feita pelo seguinte trecho de c\u00f3digo.

    import gettext\ngettext.install('cli', localedir='locale') \n# cli \u00e9 o nome do arquivo em que guardamos nossas tradu\u00e7\u00f5es\n# localedir \u00e9 o caminho onde est\u00e3o armazenadas as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es. Pode ser um caminho relativo. \n

    Devemos ent\u00e3o marcar todas as strings para serem traduzidas com _(). Podemos usar _() em qualquer arquivo do projeto, mesmo que a instala\u00e7\u00e3o tenha sido feita somente no arquivo principal.

    print(_(\"Hello!\"))\n

    Os passos seguintes s\u00e3o feitos com aux\u00edlio do Babel, que efetivamente analisa nosso c\u00f3digo Python e extrai as strings para tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. A cria\u00e7\u00e3o do arquivo modelo de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o a partir dos arquivos do diret\u00f3rio atual \u00e9 feita com o seguinte comando.

    $ pybabel extract . -o cli-model.pot

    Criamos ent\u00e3o uma nova tradu\u00e7\u00e3o usando o seguinte comando. A op\u00e7\u00e3o -D indica o nome do arquivo em que as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es ser\u00e3o guardadas (usado em gettext.install). A op\u00e7\u00e3o -l indica o locale da tradu\u00e7\u00e3o. A op\u00e7\u00e3o -d indica o localedir usado em gettext.install.

    $ pybabel init -i cli-model.pot -D cli -l pt_BR -d locale

    Devemos ent\u00e3o editar o arquivo criado em locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/cli.po. Ser\u00e3o apresentados (ap\u00f3s algumas linhas de coment\u00e1rios) pares de linhas como as seguintes. O primeiro valor msgid \u00e9 a string a ser traduzida e o segundo msgstr \u00e9 a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o no locale pt_BR (pois o arquivo est\u00e1 na pasta pt_BR do localedir). 

    msgid \"Input your name: \"\nmsgstr \"\"\n

    Apesar de ser poss\u00edvel fazer tudo diretamente no arquivo de texto, \u00e9 mais conveniente usar softwares como o poedit ou este editor online(https://localise.biz/free/poeditor).

    Com as strings traduzidas vamos finalmente compilar nossos resultados. Isto \u00e9 feito para que n\u00e3o seja poss\u00edvel mexer nos arquivos de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o em uma vers\u00e3o Release do programa.

    $ pybabel compile -D cli -l pt_BR -d locale

    Isto gerar\u00e1 os arquivos .mo correspondentes a ao locale pt_BR. S\u00e3o estes os arquivos carregados durante a execu\u00e7\u00e3o do programa.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#teste-final","title":"Teste final","text":"

    Podemos definir a vari\u00e1vel LANGUAGE para modificar a lingua de um programa (como visto anteriormente com ls). Execute seu programa diretamente e depois setando LANGUAGE=pt_BR.utf8. Os resultados foram os esperados?

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/#entrega","title":"Entrega","text":"

    Modifique o exerc\u00edcio da aula passada (pacote python) para suportar datas e mensagens em Ingl\u00eas e Portugu\u00eas. Fa\u00e7a a entrega de sua atividade adicionando a skill Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica segundo o modelo abaixo.

    Objetivo: Aplicou ferramentas de localiza\u00e7\u00e3o para traduzir um programa simples em linha de comando.

    \"skill_id\": 8, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"repo-pacote-python\"}

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#localizacao-e-internacionalizacao-de-software","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2: Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#traducao-de-software","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#qual-a-diferenca-de-internacionalizacao-e-localizacao","title":"Qual a diferen\u00e7a de internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#internacionalizacao-i18n","title":"Internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o (I18N)","text":"

    • Consiste em traduzir a interface de usu\u00e1rio de um software para outros idiomas.

    • Sistema Operacional guarda configura\u00e7\u00f5es de idioma e as disponibiliza para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es

    • Tipicamente \"invis\u00edvel\"

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#localizacao-l10n","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o (L10N)","text":"

    Consiste em adaptar a maneira de mostrar

    • n\u00fameros fracion\u00e1rios
      • marcador de decimais
      • marcador de milhares
    • datas
      • nomes de meses
      • ordem de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o
    • nomes de pa\u00edses, fusos hor\u00e1rios, etc

    de acordo com as prefer\u00eancias de um usu\u00e1rio e relativos a sua cultura.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#i18n-e-l10n","title":"I18N e L10N","text":"

    Precisam ser

    • independentes:
      • idioma ingl\u00eas e datas no formato brasileiro
    • configur\u00e1veis
      • posso precisar trocar entre l\u00ednguas e entre formatos
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#o-suporte-a-l10n-e-i18n-implica-modificar-codigo-fonte","title":"O suporte a L10N e I18N implica modificar c\u00f3digo fonte.","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#locales","title":"Locales","text":"

    Um locale \u00e9 uma tripla

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_1","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"
    <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_2","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    que representa configura\u00e7\u00f5es de I18N e/ou L10N para uma determinada cultura.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#locales_1","title":"Locales","text":"

    Exemplos:

    • Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o de File:
      • pt = Ficheiro
      • pt_BR = Arquivo
    • Formato de datas:
      • en_US: MM/DD/YY
      • en_GB: DD/MM/YY
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#posso-usar-locales-diferentes-para-a-lingua-da-interface-de-usuario-e-para-mostrar-datas","title":"Posso usar locales diferentes para a l\u00edngua da interface de usu\u00e1rio e para mostrar datas.","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#configuracoes-possiveis-linux","title":"Configura\u00e7\u00f5es poss\u00edveis (Linux)","text":"
    # sa\u00edda do comando locale\nLANG=en_US.UTF-8\nLC_CTYPE=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TIME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_COLLATE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MONETARY=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MESSAGES=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_PAPER=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_NAME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_ADDRESS=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TELEPHONE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MEASUREMENT=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_IDENTIFICATION=pt_BR.UTF-8\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#implementando-suporte-a-l10n","title":"Implementando suporte a L10N","text":"
    1. Baixar uma biblioteca de Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o
    2. Encontrar todas as exibi\u00e7\u00f5es de n\u00fameros, datas, etc
    3. Pr\u00e9-process\u00e1-las usando fun\u00e7\u00f5es da biblioteca
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_3","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"
    # Antes \nprint('Numero:', 10.5) \n# Depois\nprint('Numero', format_number(10.5))\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_4","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    N\u00e3o \u00e9 complicado, mas \u00e9 trabalhoso

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n","title":"Suporte a I18N","text":"

    Envolve 4 etapas:

    1. Marcar todas strings que devem ser traduzidas
    2. Extra\u00ed-las do c\u00f3digo fonte
    3. Criar um arquivo de tradu\u00e7\u00f5es para cada locale suportado
    4. Empacotar as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es junto com o programa
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_5","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":"

    \u00c9 um pouco mais complicado, mas pode ser integrado ao processo de compila\u00e7\u00e3o de um programa.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-posix","title":"Suporte a I18N (POSIX)","text":"

    Sistemas POSIX suportam determina\u00e7\u00e3o de lingua e locale usando vari\u00e1veis de ambiente.

    • LANG para l\u00edngua
    • LC_TIME para data
    • LC_NUMERIC para n\u00fameros

    Um locale sempre \u00e9 expresso no formato 

    <lingua>_<pais>.<codificacao>\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-posix_1","title":"Suporte a I18N (POSIX)","text":"

    O comando locale mostra todas as op\u00e7\u00f5es dispon\u00edveis:

    # sa\u00edda do comando locale\nLANG=en_US.UTF-8\nLC_CTYPE=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_NUMERIC=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TIME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_COLLATE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MONETARY=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MESSAGES=\"en_US.UTF-8\"\nLC_PAPER=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_NAME=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_ADDRESS=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_TELEPHONE=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_MEASUREMENT=pt_BR.UTF-8\nLC_IDENTIFICATION=pt_BR.UTF-8\n
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-web","title":"Suporte a I18N (Web)","text":"

    Existem diversas maneiras de determinar um bom locale em sistemas Web:

    • Cabe\u00e7alho HTTP Accept-Language inclui as linguagens de exibi\u00e7\u00e3o suportadas pelo browser do visitante.
    • Geolocaliza\u00e7\u00e3o via IP
    • Prefer\u00eancia armazenada em banco de dados
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#_6","title":"Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o e localiza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#web-e-desktop-usam-as-mesmas-tecnologias-l10n-e-i18n","title":"Web e desktop usam as mesmas tecnologias (l10n e i18n)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#suporte-a-i18n-em-python","title":"Suporte a I18N (em Python)","text":"
    • M\u00f3dulo gettext da biblioteca padr\u00e3o
    • M\u00f3dulo datetime aceita o uso de locales
    • M\u00f3dulo babel faz I18N e L10N
    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#atividade-pratica-traducao-basica","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Tradu\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica","text":"

    Objetivo: usar o m\u00f3dulo Babel para traduzir uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o do terminal.

    "},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto_1","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#localizacao-e-internacionalizacao-de-software_1","title":"Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o e internacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de software","text":""},{"location":"lessons/06-localization-translation/slides/#versao-20232-igor-montagner-amp105amp103amp111amp114amp115amp109amp49amp64amp105amp110amp115amp112amp101amp114amp46amp101amp100amp117amp46amp98amp114_1","title":"Vers\u00e3o 2023/2: Igor Montagner (igorsm1@insper.edu.br)","text":""},{"location":"lessons/07-code-quality/","title":"07 - Code quality","text":"

    In Lesson 04 - Professional Project we created a repo and website for an old project developed during the course. Now we are going to improve its quality by fixing the issues each group found using a linter tool.

    Warning

    We won't work on our own projects this time! Select a project from the discussion page and comment on the issue you'd like to do. Every project must have at least one issue with external participation.

    "},{"location":"lessons/07-code-quality/#deliverable","title":"Deliverable","text":"
    • create a Pull/Merge request addressing a code quality issue found in another team's project.
    • work with other team to get a Pull/Merge request accepted in your repository

    Learning objective: modify a project you are not familiar with and improve its code quality

    \"skill_id\": 11, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"pull request url\", \"group\": [\"student2\"]}

    Add to the pull request description a link to the accepted contribution.

    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/","title":"08 - Automated testing","text":"

    We will now add (some) automated testing to one of the projects from the discussion page. Again, our objective in this activity is to get used to build and modify different projects.

    Warning

    You'll need to select a different project from the last Lesson 07 - Code Quality

    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/#deliverable","title":"Deliverable","text":"
    • create two issues with suggestions for testing in the selected project
    • send a Pull/Merge request addressing one of the issues you created and get it accepted

    Learning objective: modify a project you are not familiar with and improve its code quality

    \"skill_id\": 5, \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"pull request url\", \"group\": [\"student2\"]}

    Add to the pull request description a link to the accepted contribution.

    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#desenvolvimento-aberto","title":"Desenvolvimento Aberto","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-automatizados","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#igor-dos-santos-montagner-igorsm1insperedubr","title":"Igor dos Santos Montagner ( igorsm1@insper.edu.br )","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#projeto-profissional","title":"Projeto profissional","text":"
    • Qualidade de c\u00f3digo
      • Linting - formata\u00e7\u00e3o e erros comuns
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
      • Usu\u00e1rio
      • Desenvolvedor
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#projeto-profissional_1","title":"Projeto profissional","text":"
    • Qualidade de c\u00f3digo
      • Linting - formata\u00e7\u00e3o e erros comuns
      • O c\u00f3digo funciona?
    • Documenta\u00e7\u00e3o
      • Usu\u00e1rio
      • Desenvolvedor
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#meu-programa-funciona","title":"Meu programa funciona?","text":"
    • Sob quais condi\u00e7\u00f5es?
    • Em quais plataformas?
    • Quais opera\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o suportadas?
    • Consigo conferir o resultado de uma execu\u00e7\u00e3o? Se sim, existe um valor de refer\u00eancia?
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-automatizados_1","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"

    Ideia: escrever um programa que verifica se um outro programa responde como esperado

    • Definir situa\u00e7\u00f5es a serem testadas ...
    • e o resultado esperado em cada situa\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-automatizados_2","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"

    N\u00e3o ajudam:

    • a revelar novos bugs
    • a garantir que um software \u00e9 livre de bugs

    Ajudam

    • a evitar que bugs descobertos voltem
    • a evitar que mudan\u00e7as n\u00e3o intencionais quebrem c\u00f3digo que estava funcionando.
    • a documentar em quais situa\u00e7\u00f5es o software funciona.
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-automatizados_3","title":"Testes automatizados","text":"
    1. Testes de unidade
    2. Testes de integra\u00e7\u00e3o
    3. Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-unitarios","title":"Testes unit\u00e1rios","text":"

    Ideia: dada uma fun\u00e7\u00e3o, verificar se ela devolve o valor esperado para um certo conjunto de par\u00e2metros.

    • Testa as fun\u00e7\u00f5es de maneira isolada
    • Cobertura: porcentagem das linhas de c\u00f3digo que \u00e9 executada durante os testes de unidade.
    • Serve como documenta\u00e7\u00e3o da fun\u00e7\u00e3o
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-unitarios-pytest","title":"Testes unit\u00e1rios - pytest","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-de-integracao","title":"Testes de integra\u00e7\u00e3o","text":"

    Ideia: dados um conjunto de classes com interdepend\u00eancias, verificar se elas funcionam bem em conjunto.

    • Testa intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre em objetos
    • Possibilidade de criar mocks, que s\u00e3o objetos falsos feitos para simular a intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre v\u00e1rios objetos.
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-de-interface-de-usuario","title":"Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio","text":"

    Ideia: simula a\u00e7\u00f5es do usu\u00e1rio (cliques, entrada de dados, etc) e confere se a sa\u00edda esperada \u00e9 mostrada na tela

    • Menos espec\u00edfico poss\u00edvel
    • Mais fiel ao uso real de um usu\u00e1rio
    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#testes-de-interface-de-usuario_1","title":"Testes de interface de usu\u00e1rio","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#selenium","title":"Selenium","text":"

    Permite fazer scripts que interagem com uma p\u00e1gina web, realizando entrada de dados, rolagem de tela e cliques. Cada assert pode ser feito com o conte\u00fado de um objeto da p\u00e1gina.

    "},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#o-que-eu-preciso-testar","title":"O qu\u00ea eu preciso testar?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#_1","title":"Testes automatizados","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#o-que-eu-preciso-testar_1","title":"O qu\u00ea eu preciso testar?","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#ninguem-sabe","title":"Ningu\u00e9m sabe....","text":""},{"location":"lessons/08-automated-testing/slides/#atividade-pratica-testado-e-aprovado","title":"Atividade pr\u00e1tica: Testado e aprovado","text":"

    Objetivo: Primeira experi\u00eancia com testes automatizado de c\u00f3digo.

    \"metadata\": {\"url\": \"acceppted PR\", \"group\": [\"igual\", \"6\"]}

    "},{"location":"plugins/notification/","title":"Toast Notifications","text":"

    This page illustrates how to create toast (or snackbar) notifications. This is intended for plugin development and probably shouldn't be called directly from the markdown content.

    In your plugin, whenever you want to show a toast notification, just call notification.toast():

    notification.toast(\"Go crazy!\", { bgColor: \"#FFFF00\", color: \"#ff4498\" });\nnotification.toast('bgColor \"danger\"', { bgColor: \"danger\" });\nnotification.toast(\"Notification with click event (reload page)\", {\nonClick: () => window.location.reload(),\n});\nnotification.toast(\"Toasts have an optional timeout argument\", {\ntimeout: 3000,\n});\n

    The following values are accepted for bgColor:

    • primary (your theme's primary color)
    • note
    • abstract
    • summary
    • tldr
    • info
    • todo
    • tip
    • hint
    • important
    • success
    • check
    • done
    • question
    • help
    • faq
    • warning
    • caution
    • attention
    • failure
    • fail
    • missing
    • danger
    • error
    • bug
    • example
    • quote
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