diff --git a/EpiAware/src/EpiAware.jl b/EpiAware/src/EpiAware.jl
index 360c8118e..ca9f09fca 100644
--- a/EpiAware/src/EpiAware.jl
+++ b/EpiAware/src/EpiAware.jl
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ export scan,
     growth_rate_to_reproductive_ratio,
     generate_observation_kernel,
     default_rw_priors,
+    default_delay_obs_priors,
     neg_MGF,
     dneg_MGF_dr,
     R_to_r
@@ -44,11 +45,12 @@ export scan,
 export EpiData, Renewal, ExpGrowthRate, DirectInfections, AbstractEpiModel
 
 # Exported Turing model constructors
-export make_epi_inference_model, random_walk
+export make_epi_inference_model, random_walk, delay_observations
 
 include("epimodel.jl")
 include("utilities.jl")
 include("models.jl")
 include("latent-processes.jl")
+include("observation-processes.jl")
 
 end
diff --git a/EpiAware/src/models.jl b/EpiAware/src/models.jl
index b127362c3..3f06cd8cb 100644
--- a/EpiAware/src/models.jl
+++ b/EpiAware/src/models.jl
@@ -1,15 +1,11 @@
 @model function make_epi_inference_model(
     y_t,
     epimodel::AbstractEpiModel,
-    latent_process;
+    latent_process,
+    observation_process;
     latent_process_priors,
     pos_shift = 1e-6,
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor = missing,
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior = Gamma(3, 0.05 / 3),
 )
-    #Prior
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor ~ neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior
-
     #Latent process
     time_steps = epimodel.data.time_horizon
     @submodel latent_process, latent_process_aux =
@@ -18,14 +14,15 @@
     #Transform into infections
     I_t = epimodel(latent_process, latent_process_aux)
 
-    #Predictive distribution
-    case_pred_dists =
-        (epimodel.data.delay_kernel * I_t) .+ pos_shift .|>
-        μ -> mean_cc_neg_bin(μ, neg_bin_cluster_factor)
-
-    #Likelihood
-    y_t ~ arraydist(case_pred_dists)
+    #Predictive distribution of ascerted cases
+    @submodel generated_y_t, generated_y_t_aux = observation_process(
+        y_t,
+        I_t,
+        epimodel::AbstractEpiModel;
+        observation_process_priors = latent_process_priors,
+        pos_shift = pos_shift,
+    )
 
     #Generate quantities
-    return (; I_t, latent_process, latent_process_aux)
+    return (; generated_y_t, I_t, latent_process, latent_process_aux, generated_y_t_aux)
 end
diff --git a/EpiAware/src/observation-processes.jl b/EpiAware/src/observation-processes.jl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..90d904449
--- /dev/null
+++ b/EpiAware/src/observation-processes.jl
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+function default_delay_obs_priors()
+    return (neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior = Gamma(3, 0.05 / 3),)
+end
+
+@model function delay_observations(
+    y_t,
+    I_t,
+    epimodel::AbstractEpiModel;
+    observation_process_priors = default_delay_obs_priors(),
+    pos_shift = 1e-6,
+)
+    #Parameters
+    neg_bin_cluster_factor ~ observation_process_priors.neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior
+
+    #Predictive distribution
+    case_pred_dists =
+        (epimodel.data.delay_kernel * I_t) .+ pos_shift .|>
+        μ -> mean_cc_neg_bin(μ, neg_bin_cluster_factor)
+
+    #Likelihood
+    y_t ~ arraydist(case_pred_dists)
+
+    return y_t, (; neg_bin_cluster_factor,)
+end
diff --git a/EpiAware/test/predictive_checking/toy_model_log_infs_RW.jl b/EpiAware/test/predictive_checking/toy_model_log_infs_RW.jl
index 2a3dfebd1..f097e0f14 100644
--- a/EpiAware/test/predictive_checking/toy_model_log_infs_RW.jl
+++ b/EpiAware/test/predictive_checking/toy_model_log_infs_RW.jl
@@ -104,10 +104,9 @@ log_infs_model = make_epi_inference_model(
     missing,
     toy_log_infs,
     random_walk,
-    latent_process_priors = default_rw_priors(),
+    delay_observations;
+    latent_process_priors = merge(default_rw_priors(), default_delay_obs_priors()),
     pos_shift = 1e-6,
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor = 0.5,
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior = Gamma(3, 0.05 / 3),
 )
 
 
diff --git a/EpiAware/test/test_models.jl b/EpiAware/test/test_models.jl
index 38d7ca0be..311201051 100644
--- a/EpiAware/test/test_models.jl
+++ b/EpiAware/test/test_models.jl
@@ -4,12 +4,9 @@
     # Define test inputs
     y_t = missing # Data will be generated from the model
     data = EpiData([0.2, 0.3, 0.5], [0.1, 0.4, 0.5], 0.8, 10, exp)
-    latent_process_priors = default_rw_priors()
-    transform_function = exp
-    n_generate_ahead = 0
+    latent_process_priors = merge(default_rw_priors(), default_delay_obs_priors())
     pos_shift = 1e-6
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor = 0.5
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior = Gamma(3, 0.05 / 3)
+
 
     epimodel = DirectInfections(data)
 
@@ -17,11 +14,10 @@
     test_mdl = make_epi_inference_model(
         y_t,
         epimodel,
-        random_walk;
+        random_walk,
+        delay_observations;
         latent_process_priors,
         pos_shift,
-        neg_bin_cluster_factor,
-        neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior,
     )
 
     # Define expected outputs for a conditional model
@@ -43,12 +39,8 @@ end
     # Define test inputs
     y_t = missing # Data will be generated from the model
     data = EpiData([0.2, 0.3, 0.5], [0.1, 0.4, 0.5], 0.8, 10, exp)
-    latent_process_priors = default_rw_priors()
-    transform_function = exp
-    n_generate_ahead = 0
+    latent_process_priors = merge(default_rw_priors(), default_delay_obs_priors())
     pos_shift = 1e-6
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor = 0.5
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior = Gamma(3, 0.05 / 3)
 
     epimodel = ExpGrowthRate(data)
 
@@ -56,11 +48,10 @@ end
     test_mdl = make_epi_inference_model(
         y_t,
         epimodel,
-        random_walk;
+        random_walk,
+        delay_observations;
         latent_process_priors,
         pos_shift,
-        neg_bin_cluster_factor,
-        neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior,
     )
 
     # Define expected outputs for a conditional model
@@ -82,12 +73,8 @@ end
     # Define test inputs
     y_t = missing # Data will be generated from the model
     data = EpiData([0.2, 0.3, 0.5], [0.1, 0.4, 0.5], 0.8, 10, exp)
-    latent_process_priors = default_rw_priors()
-    transform_function = exp
-    n_generate_ahead = 0
+    latent_process_priors = merge(default_rw_priors(), default_delay_obs_priors())
     pos_shift = 1e-6
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor = 0.5
-    neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior = Gamma(3, 0.05 / 3)
 
     epimodel = Renewal(data)
 
@@ -95,11 +82,10 @@ end
     test_mdl = make_epi_inference_model(
         y_t,
         epimodel,
-        random_walk;
+        random_walk,
+        delay_observations;
         latent_process_priors,
         pos_shift,
-        neg_bin_cluster_factor,
-        neg_bin_cluster_factor_prior,
     )
 
     # Define expected outputs for a conditional model
diff --git a/EpiAware/test/test_observation-processes.jl b/EpiAware/test/test_observation-processes.jl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..238bfd5fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/EpiAware/test/test_observation-processes.jl
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+@testitem "Testing delay obs against theoretical properties" begin
+    using DynamicPPL, Turing
+    # Set up test data with fixed infection
+    I_t = [10.0, 20.0, 30.0]
+
+    # Replace with your own implementation of AbstractEpiModel
+    # Delay kernel is just event observed on same day
+    data = EpiData([0.2, 0.3, 0.5], [1.0], 0.8, 3, exp)
+    epimodel = DirectInfections(data)
+    # Set up priors
+    observation_process_priors = default_delay_obs_priors()
+
+    # Call the function
+    mdl = delay_observations(
+        missing,
+        I_t,
+        epimodel;
+        observation_process_priors = observation_process_priors,
+    )
+    fix_mdl = fix(mdl, neg_bin_cluster_factor = 0.00001) # Effectively Poisson sampling
+
+    n_samples = 1000
+    mean_first_obs =
+        sample(fix_mdl, Prior(), n_samples) |>
+        chn -> generated_quantities(fix_mdl, chn) .|> (gen -> gen[1][1]) |> mean
+
+    theoretical_std_of_empiral_mean = sqrt(I_t[1]) / sqrt(n_samples)
+    @test mean(mean_first_obs) - I_t[1] < 5 * theoretical_std_of_empiral_mean &&
+          mean(mean_first_obs) - I_t[1] > -5 * theoretical_std_of_empiral_mean
+
+end