diff --git a/openhands/linter/utils/__init__.py b/openhands/linter/utils/__init__.py
index 69ee15767821..e48f26f076b5 100644
--- a/openhands/linter/utils/__init__.py
+++ b/openhands/linter/utils/__init__.py
@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-from .cmd import run_cmd, check_tool_installed
+from .cmd import check_tool_installed, run_cmd
 
 __all__ = ['run_cmd', 'check_tool_installed']
diff --git a/openhands/linter/utils/cmd.py b/openhands/linter/utils/cmd.py
index fdd8e5cfa07f..f5c2803c3d77 100644
--- a/openhands/linter/utils/cmd.py
+++ b/openhands/linter/utils/cmd.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-import subprocess
 import os
+import subprocess
+
 
 def run_cmd(cmd: str, cwd: str | None = None) -> str | None:
     """Run a command and return the output.
diff --git a/openhands/runtime/browser/browser_env.py b/openhands/runtime/browser/browser_env.py
index fb652381364b..9ebbc0e1a732 100644
--- a/openhands/runtime/browser/browser_env.py
+++ b/openhands/runtime/browser/browser_env.py
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
 
 from openhands.core.exceptions import BrowserInitException
 from openhands.core.logger import openhands_logger as logger
-from openhands.utils.tenacity_stop import stop_if_should_exit
 from openhands.runtime.utils.shutdown_listener import should_continue, should_exit
+from openhands.utils.tenacity_stop import stop_if_should_exit
 
 BROWSER_EVAL_GET_GOAL_ACTION = 'GET_EVAL_GOAL'
 BROWSER_EVAL_GET_REWARDS_ACTION = 'GET_EVAL_REWARDS'
diff --git a/openhands/runtime/builder/remote.py b/openhands/runtime/builder/remote.py
index 41596177acd1..a62872c2db8f 100644
--- a/openhands/runtime/builder/remote.py
+++ b/openhands/runtime/builder/remote.py
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@
 from openhands.core.logger import openhands_logger as logger
 from openhands.runtime.builder import RuntimeBuilder
 from openhands.runtime.utils.request import send_request
-from openhands.runtime.utils.shutdown_listener import should_exit, sleep_if_should_continue
+from openhands.runtime.utils.shutdown_listener import (
+    should_exit,
+    sleep_if_should_continue,
+)
 
 
 class RemoteRuntimeBuilder(RuntimeBuilder):
diff --git a/openhands/runtime/client/client.py b/openhands/runtime/client/client.py
index 43bc7cd15a5e..f0a1a8959d7b 100644
--- a/openhands/runtime/client/client.py
+++ b/openhands/runtime/client/client.py
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ def _continue_bash(
             _exit_code_output = self.shell.before
             try:
                 exit_code = int(_exit_code_output.strip().split()[0])
-            except:
+            except Exception:
                 logger.error('Error getting exit code from bash script')
                 # If we try to run an invalid shell script the output sometimes includes error text
                 # rather than the error code - we assume this is an error
@@ -628,7 +628,9 @@ async def execute_action(action_request: ActionRequest):
             observation = await client.run_action(action)
             return event_to_dict(observation)
         except Exception as e:
-            logger.error(f'Error processing command: {str(e)}', exc_info=True, stack_info=True)
+            logger.error(
+                f'Error processing command: {str(e)}', exc_info=True, stack_info=True
+            )
             raise HTTPException(status_code=500, detail=str(e))
 
     @app.post('/upload_file')
diff --git a/openhands/runtime/remote/runtime.py b/openhands/runtime/remote/runtime.py
index 8d8dbd52c339..c121021e869c 100644
--- a/openhands/runtime/remote/runtime.py
+++ b/openhands/runtime/remote/runtime.py
@@ -36,13 +36,13 @@
 from openhands.runtime.builder.remote import RemoteRuntimeBuilder
 from openhands.runtime.plugins import PluginRequirement
 from openhands.runtime.runtime import Runtime
-from openhands.utils.tenacity_stop import stop_if_should_exit
 from openhands.runtime.utils.request import (
     DEFAULT_RETRY_EXCEPTIONS,
     is_404_error,
     send_request,
 )
 from openhands.runtime.utils.runtime_build import build_runtime_image
+from openhands.utils.tenacity_stop import stop_if_should_exit
 
 
 class RemoteRuntime(Runtime):
diff --git a/openhands/runtime/utils/request.py b/openhands/runtime/utils/request.py
index fb9d2a21ec6d..f67faf28f4e5 100644
--- a/openhands/runtime/utils/request.py
+++ b/openhands/runtime/utils/request.py
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ def send_request(
     if retry_fns is not None:
         for fn in retry_fns:
             retry_condition |= retry_if_exception(fn)
-    kwargs["timeout"] = timeout
+    kwargs['timeout'] = timeout
 
     @retry(
         stop=stop_after_delay(timeout) | stop_if_should_exit(),
diff --git a/openhands/runtime/utils/runtime_build.py b/openhands/runtime/utils/runtime_build.py
index ca6e3b0e4236..5d8dde1f1d79 100644
--- a/openhands/runtime/utils/runtime_build.py
+++ b/openhands/runtime/utils/runtime_build.py
@@ -251,7 +251,9 @@ def build_runtime_image(
 
     # Scenario 1: If we already have an image with the exact same hash, then it means the image is already built
     # with the exact same source code and Dockerfile, so we will reuse it. Building it is not required.
-    if not force_rebuild and runtime_builder.image_exists(hash_runtime_image_name, False):
+    if not force_rebuild and runtime_builder.image_exists(
+        hash_runtime_image_name, False
+    ):
         logger.info(
             f'Image [{hash_runtime_image_name}] already exists so we will reuse it.'
         )
diff --git a/openhands/runtime/utils/shutdown_listener.py b/openhands/runtime/utils/shutdown_listener.py
index 882d532a40f1..9941c9f27372 100644
--- a/openhands/runtime/utils/shutdown_listener.py
+++ b/openhands/runtime/utils/shutdown_listener.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 """
 This module monitors the app for shutdown signals
 """
+
 import asyncio
 import signal
 import time
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ def _register_signal_handler(sig: signal.Signals):
 
     def handler(sig_: int, frame: FrameType | None):
         global _should_exit
-        _should_exit = True    
+        _should_exit = True
         if original_handler:
             original_handler(sig_, frame)  # type: ignore[unreachable]
 
@@ -43,7 +44,7 @@ def should_continue() -> bool:
 
 
 def sleep_if_should_continue(timeout: float):
-    if(timeout <= 1):
+    if timeout <= 1:
         time.sleep(timeout)
         return
     start_time = time.time()
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ def sleep_if_should_continue(timeout: float):
 
 
 async def async_sleep_if_should_continue(timeout: float):
-    if(timeout <= 1):
+    if timeout <= 1:
         await asyncio.sleep(timeout)
         return
     start_time = time.time()
diff --git a/openhands/server/session/session.py b/openhands/server/session/session.py
index 3254cf1457fe..f8cc2b581e7f 100644
--- a/openhands/server/session/session.py
+++ b/openhands/server/session/session.py
@@ -162,7 +162,9 @@ async def dispatch(self, data: dict):
                         'Model does not support image upload, change to a different model or try without an image.'
                     )
                     return
-        asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(self._add_event(event, EventSource.USER), self.agent_session.loop) # type: ignore
+        asyncio.run_coroutine_threadsafe(
+            self._add_event(event, EventSource.USER), self.agent_session.loop
+        )  # type: ignore
 
     async def _add_event(self, event, event_source):
         self.agent_session.event_stream.add_event(event, EventSource.USER)
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 3b9a3bf69b0f..c5fe6ce3ff90 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ reportlab = "*"
 [tool.coverage.run]
 concurrency = ["gevent"]
 
+
 [tool.poetry.group.runtime.dependencies]
 jupyterlab = "*"
 notebook = "*"
@@ -115,6 +116,7 @@ ignore = ["D1"]
 [tool.ruff.lint.pydocstyle]
 convention = "google"
 
+
 [tool.poetry.group.evaluation.dependencies]
 streamlit = "*"
 whatthepatch = "*"
diff --git a/tests/unit/linters/conftest.py b/tests/unit/linters/conftest.py
index 189f04585369..4a2b51812bb9 100644
--- a/tests/unit/linters/conftest.py
+++ b/tests/unit/linters/conftest.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def syntax_error_py_file(tmp_path):
     file_content = """
@@ -8,7 +9,7 @@ def foo():
     print("Wrong indent")
     foo(
     """
-    file_path = tmp_path / "test_file.py"
+    file_path = tmp_path / 'test_file.py'
     file_path.write_text(file_content)
     return str(file_path)
 
@@ -19,52 +20,56 @@ def wrongly_indented_py_file(tmp_path):
     def foo():
             print("Hello, World!")
     """
-    file_path = tmp_path / "test_file.py"
+    file_path = tmp_path / 'test_file.py'
     file_path.write_text(file_content)
     return str(file_path)
 
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def simple_correct_py_file(tmp_path):
     file_content = 'print("Hello, World!")\n'
-    file_path = tmp_path / "test_file.py"
+    file_path = tmp_path / 'test_file.py'
     file_path.write_text(file_content)
     return str(file_path)
 
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def simple_correct_py_func_def(tmp_path):
     file_content = """def foo():
     print("Hello, World!")
 foo()
 """
-    file_path = tmp_path / "test_file.py"
+    file_path = tmp_path / 'test_file.py'
     file_path.write_text(file_content)
     return str(file_path)
 
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def simple_correct_ruby_file(tmp_path):
-    file_content ="""def foo
+    file_content = """def foo
   puts "Hello, World!"
 end
 foo
 """
-    file_path = tmp_path / "test_file.rb"
+    file_path = tmp_path / 'test_file.rb'
     file_path.write_text(file_content)
     return str(file_path)
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
 def simple_incorrect_ruby_file(tmp_path):
-    file_content ="""def foo():
+    file_content = """def foo():
     print("Hello, World!")
 foo()
 """
-    file_path = tmp_path / "test_file.rb"
+    file_path = tmp_path / 'test_file.rb'
     file_path.write_text(file_content)
     return str(file_path)
 
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def parenthesis_incorrect_ruby_file(tmp_path):
     file_content = """def print_hello_world()\n    puts 'Hello World'\n"""
-    file_path = tmp_path / "test_file.rb"
+    file_path = tmp_path / 'test_file.rb'
     file_path.write_text(file_content)
     return str(file_path)