contribution guidelines checks (TheAlgorithms#1787)

* spelling corrections

* review

* improved documentation, removed redundant variables, added testing

* added type hint

* camel case to snake case

* spelling fix

* review

* python --> Python # it is a brand name, not a snake

* explicit cast to int

* spaces in int list

* "!= None" to "is not None"

* Update comb_sort.py

* various spelling corrections in documentation & several variables naming conventions fix

* + char in file name

* import dependency - bug fix

Co-authored-by: John Law <[email protected]>

Author: matkosoric

Diff for: .gitignore

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ wheels/
 MANIFEST
 
 # PyInstaller
-#  Usually these files are written by a python script from a template
+#  Usually these files are written by a Python script from a template
 #  before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it.
 *.manifest
 *.spec

Diff for: DIRECTORY.md

@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@
   * [Support Vector Machines](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/machine_learning/support_vector_machines.py)
 
 ## Maths
-  * [3N+1](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/3n+1.py)
+  * [3N+1](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/3n_plus_1.py)
   * [Abs](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/abs.py)
   * [Abs Max](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/abs_max.py)
   * [Abs Min](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Python/blob/master/maths/abs_min.py)

Diff for: backtracking/n_queens.py

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ def solve(board, row):
     """
     It creates a state space tree and calls the safe function until it receives a 
     False Boolean and terminates that branch and backtracks to the next 
-    poosible solution branch.
+    possible solution branch.
     """
     if row >= len(board):
         """
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ def solve(board, row):
         return
     for i in range(len(board)):
         """
-        For every row it iterates through each column to check if it is feesible to place a 
+        For every row it iterates through each column to check if it is feasible to place a 
         queen there.
         If all the combinations for that particular branch are successful the board is 
         reinitialized for the next possible combination.

Diff for: ciphers/hill_cipher.py

@@ -65,11 +65,11 @@ def __init__(self, encrypt_key):
         encrypt_key is an NxN numpy matrix
         """
         self.encrypt_key = self.modulus(encrypt_key)  # mod36 calc's on the encrypt key
-        self.checkDeterminant()  # validate the determinant of the encryption key
+        self.check_determinant()  # validate the determinant of the encryption key
         self.decrypt_key = None
         self.break_key = encrypt_key.shape[0]
 
-    def checkDeterminant(self):
+    def check_determinant(self):
         det = round(numpy.linalg.det(self.encrypt_key))
 
         if det < 0:
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def checkDeterminant(self):
                 )
             )
 
-    def processText(self, text):
+    def process_text(self, text):
         text = list(text.upper())
         text = [char for char in text if char in self.key_string]
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def processText(self, text):
         return "".join(text)
 
     def encrypt(self, text):
-        text = self.processText(text.upper())
+        text = self.process_text(text.upper())
         encrypted = ""
 
         for i in range(0, len(text) - self.break_key + 1, self.break_key):
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ def encrypt(self, text):
 
         return encrypted
 
-    def makeDecryptKey(self):
+    def make_decrypt_key(self):
         det = round(numpy.linalg.det(self.encrypt_key))
 
         if det < 0:
@@ -129,8 +129,8 @@ def makeDecryptKey(self):
         return self.toInt(self.modulus(inv_key))
 
     def decrypt(self, text):
-        self.decrypt_key = self.makeDecryptKey()
-        text = self.processText(text.upper())
+        self.decrypt_key = self.make_decrypt_key()
+        text = self.process_text(text.upper())
         decrypted = ""
 
         for i in range(0, len(text) - self.break_key + 1, self.break_key):

Diff for: ciphers/onepad_cipher.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 class Onepad:
     def encrypt(self, text):
-        """Function to encrypt text using psedo-random numbers"""
+        """Function to encrypt text using pseudo-random numbers"""
         plain = [ord(i) for i in text]
         key = []
         cipher = []
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ def encrypt(self, text):
         return cipher, key
 
     def decrypt(self, cipher, key):
-        """Function to decrypt text using psedo-random numbers."""
+        """Function to decrypt text using pseudo-random numbers."""
         plain = []
         for i in range(len(key)):
             p = int((cipher[i] - (key[i]) ** 2) / key[i])

Diff for: data_structures/binary_tree/binary_search_tree.py

@@ -28,16 +28,16 @@ def __str__(self):
         """
         return str(self.root)
 
-    def __reassign_nodes(self, node, newChildren):
-        if newChildren is not None:  # reset its kids
-            newChildren.parent = node.parent
+    def __reassign_nodes(self, node, new_children):
+        if new_children is not None:  # reset its kids
+            new_children.parent = node.parent
         if node.parent is not None:  # reset its parent
             if self.is_right(node):  # If it is the right children
-                node.parent.right = newChildren
+                node.parent.right = new_children
             else:
-                node.parent.left = newChildren
+                node.parent.left = new_children
         else:
-            self.root = newChildren
+            self.root = new_children
 
     def is_right(self, node):
         return node == node.parent.right
@@ -117,39 +117,39 @@ def remove(self, value):
             elif node.right is None:  # Has only left children
                 self.__reassign_nodes(node, node.left)
             else:
-                tmpNode = self.get_max(
+                tmp_node = self.get_max(
                     node.left
-                )  #  Gets the max value of the left branch
-                self.remove(tmpNode.value)
+                )  # Gets the max value of the left branch
+                self.remove(tmp_node.value)
                 node.value = (
-                    tmpNode.value
-                )  #  Assigns the value to the node to delete and keesp tree structure
+                    tmp_node.value
+                )  # Assigns the value to the node to delete and keep tree structure
 
     def preorder_traverse(self, node):
         if node is not None:
-            yield node  #  Preorder Traversal
+            yield node  # Preorder Traversal
             yield from self.preorder_traverse(node.left)
             yield from self.preorder_traverse(node.right)
 
-    def traversal_tree(self, traversalFunction=None):
+    def traversal_tree(self, traversal_function=None):
         """
         This function traversal the tree.
         You can pass a function to traversal the tree as needed by client code
         """
-        if traversalFunction is None:
+        if traversal_function is None:
             return self.preorder_traverse(self.root)
         else:
-            return traversalFunction(self.root)
+            return traversal_function(self.root)
 
 
 def postorder(curr_node):
     """
     postOrder (left, right, self)
     """
-    nodeList = list()
+    node_list = list()
     if curr_node is not None:
-        nodeList = postorder(curr_node.left) + postorder(curr_node.right) + [curr_node]
-    return nodeList
+        node_list = postorder(curr_node.left) + postorder(curr_node.right) + [curr_node]
+    return node_list
 
 
 def binary_search_tree():

Diff for: data_structures/binary_tree/number_of_possible_binary_trees.py

@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ def binary_tree_count(node_count: int) -> int:
     """
     Return the number of possible of binary trees.
     :param n: number of nodes
-    :return: Number of possilble binary trees
+    :return: Number of possible binary trees
 
     >>> binary_tree_count(5)
     5040

Diff for: data_structures/linked_list/deque_doubly.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ def __init__(self, link_p, element, link_n):
 
         def has_next_and_prev(self):
             return " Prev -> {0}, Next -> {1}".format(
-                self._prev != None, self._next != None
+                self._prev is not None, self._next is not None
             )
 
     def __init__(self):

Diff for: data_structures/linked_list/doubly_linked_list.py

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ def isEmpty(self):  # Will return True if the list is empty
 
     def display(self):  # Prints contents of the list
         current = self.head
-        while current != None:
+        while current is not None:
             current.displayLink()
             current = current.next
         print()

Diff for: data_structures/queue/queue_on_list.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-"""Queue represented by a python list"""
+"""Queue represented by a Python list"""
 
 
 class Queue:

Diff for: digital_image_processing/change_contrast.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 Changing contrast with PIL
 
 This algorithm is used in
-https://noivce.pythonanywhere.com/ python web app.
+https://noivce.pythonanywhere.com/ Python web app.
 
 python/black: True
 flake8 : True

Diff for: divide_and_conquer/convex_hull.py

@@ -344,19 +344,19 @@ def convex_hull_recursive(points):
     right_most_point = points[n - 1]
 
     convex_set = {left_most_point, right_most_point}
-    upperhull = []
-    lowerhull = []
+    upper_hull = []
+    lower_hull = []
 
     for i in range(1, n - 1):
         det = _det(left_most_point, right_most_point, points[i])
 
         if det > 0:
-            upperhull.append(points[i])
+            upper_hull.append(points[i])
         elif det < 0:
-            lowerhull.append(points[i])
+            lower_hull.append(points[i])
 
-    _construct_hull(upperhull, left_most_point, right_most_point, convex_set)
-    _construct_hull(lowerhull, right_most_point, left_most_point, convex_set)
+    _construct_hull(upper_hull, left_most_point, right_most_point, convex_set)
+    _construct_hull(lower_hull, right_most_point, left_most_point, convex_set)
 
     return sorted(convex_set)
 

Diff for: dynamic_programming/bitmask.py

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """
 
-This is a python implementation for questions involving task assignments between people.
+This is a Python implementation for questions involving task assignments between people.
 Here Bitmasking and DP are used for solving this.
 
 Question :-
@@ -25,41 +25,41 @@ def __init__(self, task_performed, total):
 
         self.task = defaultdict(list)  # stores the list of persons for each task
 
-        # finalmask is used to check if all persons are included by setting all bits to 1
-        self.finalmask = (1 << len(task_performed)) - 1
+        # final_mask is used to check if all persons are included by setting all bits to 1
+        self.final_mask = (1 << len(task_performed)) - 1
 
-    def CountWaysUtil(self, mask, taskno):
+    def CountWaysUtil(self, mask, task_no):
 
         # if mask == self.finalmask all persons are distributed tasks, return 1
-        if mask == self.finalmask:
+        if mask == self.final_mask:
             return 1
 
         # if not everyone gets the task and no more tasks are available, return 0
-        if taskno > self.total_tasks:
+        if task_no > self.total_tasks:
             return 0
 
         # if case already considered
-        if self.dp[mask][taskno] != -1:
-            return self.dp[mask][taskno]
+        if self.dp[mask][task_no] != -1:
+            return self.dp[mask][task_no]
 
         # Number of ways when we don't this task in the arrangement
-        total_ways_util = self.CountWaysUtil(mask, taskno + 1)
+        total_ways_util = self.CountWaysUtil(mask, task_no + 1)
 
         # now assign the tasks one by one to all possible persons and recursively assign for the remaining tasks.
-        if taskno in self.task:
-            for p in self.task[taskno]:
+        if task_no in self.task:
+            for p in self.task[task_no]:
 
                 # if p is already given a task
                 if mask & (1 << p):
                     continue
 
                 # assign this task to p and change the mask value. And recursively assign tasks with the new mask value.
-                total_ways_util += self.CountWaysUtil(mask | (1 << p), taskno + 1)
+                total_ways_util += self.CountWaysUtil(mask | (1 << p), task_no + 1)
 
         # save the value.
-        self.dp[mask][taskno] = total_ways_util
+        self.dp[mask][task_no] = total_ways_util
 
-        return self.dp[mask][taskno]
+        return self.dp[mask][task_no]
 
     def countNoOfWays(self, task_performed):
 

Diff for: dynamic_programming/fibonacci.py

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ def get(self, sequence_no=None):
         [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5]
         []
         """
-        if sequence_no != None:
+        if sequence_no is not None:
             if sequence_no < len(self.fib_array):
                 return print(self.fib_array[: sequence_no + 1])
             else:

Diff for: fuzzy_logic/fuzzy_operations.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
-    # Create universe of discourse in python using linspace ()
+    # Create universe of discourse in Python using linspace ()
     X = np.linspace(start=0, stop=75, num=75, endpoint=True, retstep=False)
 
     # Create two fuzzy sets by defining any membership function (trapmf(), gbellmf(),gaussmf(), etc).

Diff for: graphs/bellman_ford.py

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ def printDist(dist, V):
 
 
 def BellmanFord(graph: List[Dict[str, int]], V: int, E: int, src: int) -> int:
-    r"""
+    """
     Returns shortest paths from a vertex src to all 
     other vertices.
     """

Diff for: graphs/directed_and_undirected_(weighted)_graph.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import math as math
 import time
 
-# the dfault weight is 1 if not assigned but all the implementation is weighted
+# the default weight is 1 if not assigned but all the implementation is weighted
 
 
 class DirectedGraph: